42,772 articles
Diederik S. Wiersma
Diederik S. Wiersma, also known as D. S. Wiersma, is a Dutch experimental physicist working on disordered photonics and random lasers, and professor at the University of Florence.
Diel vertical migration
Diel vertical migration is the daily movement of aquatic animals toward the surface at night and into deeper water by day, the largest synchronized movement of biomass on Earth.
Dieldrin
Dieldrin is a persistent organochlorine insecticide of the cyclodiene group and the epoxide of aldrin, used from 1950 until its last US use, termite control, was canceled in 1989.
Dielectric
A dielectric, or dielectric medium, is an electrically insulating material that becomes polarized when placed in an electric field. It is central to capacitors, where it raises capacitance and breakdown voltage.
Dielectric analysis
Dielectric analysis, also called dielectric spectroscopy, characterizes insulating materials by applying an alternating electric field and measuring complex permittivity, mapping dipole relaxation, ionic conduction, and interfacial charge processes.
Dielectric function
The dielectric function, also called the complex permittivity, is a material's complex, frequency-dependent response to an electric field: its real part governs refraction, its imaginary part absorption.
Dielectric heating
Dielectric heating, also known as radio-frequency or RF heating, generates heat inside non-conducting materials by exposing them to high-frequency alternating electric fields, spanning RF and microwave regimes used for industrial drying, welding, baking, and preheating.
Dielectric Huygens' metasurface
A dielectric Huygens' metasurface is an ultrathin planar array of subwavelength dielectric nanostructures, or meta-atoms, engineered so overlapping electric and magnetic dipole resonances make each one scatter light almost entirely forward.
Dielectric laser accelerator
Dielectric laser acceleration (DLA) is a particle-acceleration technique in which a laser drives a dielectric microstructure on a chip, first demonstrated in 2013 at SLAC and Stanford with gradients roughly ten times those of conventional accelerators.
Dielectric loss
Dielectric loss is the dissipation of electromagnetic energy as heat inside an insulating material when an alternating electric field is applied, quantified by the loss tangent and exploited in dielectric heating.
Dielectric metasurface
A dielectric metasurface is an ultrathin, planar array of subwavelength high-index nanostructures that controls light's phase and polarization with low optical loss and high efficiency.
Dielectric mirror
A dielectric mirror, also known as a Bragg mirror, is a mirror made of many thin transparent layers that reflect over 99.9% of light at chosen wavelengths.
Dielectric screening in halide perovskites
Dielectric screening in halide perovskites is the weakening of Coulomb interactions by the polarizable dielectric lattice response, underlying defect tolerance and additive-based solar cell design.
Dielectric spectroscopy
Dielectric spectroscopy characterizes a material by applying an electric field across a wide frequency range, roughly 10⁻⁶ to 10¹² Hz, and measuring the complex permittivity to reveal dipolar dynamics, charge transport, and interfacial polarization.
Dielectric strength
Dielectric strength is the maximum electric field an insulating material can withstand without breaking down and becoming electrically conductive, typically measured in kV/mm; air is about 3 kV/mm.
Dielectric-barrier discharge
A dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD), historically called a silent discharge, is a cold, non-equilibrium plasma generated at atmospheric pressure between electrodes separated by an insulating dielectric layer.
Dielectric-dependent hybrid functionals
Dielectric-dependent hybrid functionals (DDH) are exchange-correlation approximations in density functional theory, introduced for solids in 2014, that replace fixed empirical exchange mixing with a value set by dielectric screening.
Dielectronic recombination
Dielectronic recombination is a resonant electron-ion recombination process in which a captured free electron simultaneously excites a bound electron; the doubly excited state stabilizes by emitting a photon.
Dielectrophoresis
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an electrokinetic technique in which nonuniform electric fields move neutral, polarizable particles without labels or contact, used for cell separation and sorting.
Diels–Alder reaction
The Diels–Alder reaction, also called diene synthesis, is a concerted organic reaction combining a conjugated diene with a dienophile to form a cyclohexene ring, reported by Otto Diels and Kurt Alder in 1928.
Diels–Alder with inverse electron demand
The inverse electron demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) is a fast [4+2] cycloaddition in which an electron-poor diene, usually a tetrazine, reacts with a strained alkene, releasing nitrogen gas.
Dieng Volcanic Complex
Dieng Volcanic Complex (Kompleks Vulkanik Dieng): a late Quaternary complex volcano and highland plateau in Central Java, Indonesia, with active phreatic craters, a deadly 1979 CO2 eruption, geothermal fields, and ancient Hindu temples.
Dieter Bimberg
Dieter Bimberg is a German physicist known for the quantum dot laser and quantum-dot nanophotonics, who held the applied solid state physics chair at TU Berlin.
Dieter Braun
Dieter Braun, born 1970, is a German biophysicist who has been Professor of Systems Biophysics at LMU Munich since 2007, known for thermophoresis and laboratory models of molecular evolution at the origin of life.
Dieter Cremer
Dieter Cremer (1944–2017) was a German theoretical and computational chemist known for the Unified Reaction Valley Approach, local vibrational modes, and NESC relativistic methods, and a professor at SMU in Dallas.
Dieter Enders
Dieter Enders (1946–2019) was a German organic chemist who led the Institute of Organic Chemistry at RWTH Aachen and created the SAMP/RAMP chiral auxiliaries known as Enders reagent.
Dieter Held
Dieter Held is a German mathematician in finite group theory who discovered the sporadic Held group in 1969 while characterizing the Mathieu group M24, and later became a professor at Mainz University.
Dieter Jaksch
Dieter Jaksch is an Austrian theoretical quantum physicist who has been Professor of Physics at the University of Hamburg since 2021 and works on ultracold atoms and quantum information.
Dieter Meschede
Dieter Meschede (born 1954) is a German experimental physicist known for controlling individual atoms with light at the University of Bonn, and President of the German Physical Society from 2018 to 2020.
Dieter Pohl
Dieter W. Pohl (born 1938) is a physicist who invented the scanning near-field optical microscope at IBM Zurich, whose 1982-1984 group broke the Abbé diffraction limit by a factor of 10.