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Dicarbofunctionalization
Dicarbofunctionalization is a chemical transformation that adds two carbon-based groups across an alkene in a single operation, forging two carbon–carbon bonds, often with nickel catalysis.
Dicarboxylic acid
A dicarboxylic acid is an organic acid containing two carboxyl groups; oxalic acid is the simplest, and adipic acid is the key monomer for nylon-6,6.
Dice coefficient
The Dice coefficient, also called the Dice similarity coefficient or Sørensen–Dice coefficient, is a statistic that measures the overlap between two sets, ranging from 0 to 1.
Dichlorine monoxide
Dichlorine monoxide is an inorganic compound with formula Cl₂O, a brownish-yellow gas boiling at 2.2 °C that is explosive but an effective bleaching agent for wood pulp and textiles.
Dichlorodifluoromethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane, known as CFC-12 or Freon-12, is a chlorofluorocarbon developed by Thomas Midgley's team in 1930 that was the dominant refrigerant until it was phased out as an ozone-depleting substance.
Dichloroisocyanurate
Dichloroisocyanurate is a chlorinated derivative of cyanuric acid whose sodium salt, sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC), is a stable solid chlorine source used to disinfect water, pools, and surfaces.
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane, also called methylene chloride or DCM, is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable solvent used in paint removers, degreasing, and caffeine extraction, and is probably carcinogenic to humans.
Dichlorvos
Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate), commonly abbreviated DDVP, is a colorless, volatile organophosphate insecticide used since 1961 that kills insects and parasites by irreversibly inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.
Dichotomy
A dichotomy is a division of a whole into exactly two mutually exclusive, jointly exhaustive parts. In logic it divides a genus into two species by a single attribute.
Dichroic glass
Dichroic glass is glass that appears one color in reflected light and another in transmitted light, an effect made by thin metal-oxide coatings or, in Roman glass, colloidal gold and silver.
Dichroism
Dichroism is the property of a material or optical element absorbing light differently depending on polarization, observed in tourmaline in 1815 and used in spectroscopy and gemology.
Dichroism spectroscopy
Dichroism spectroscopy measures the difference in light absorption between polarizations: circular dichroism reports molecular handedness, and linear dichroism reports orientation in films, membranes, and flowing biopolymers.
Dicke model
The Dicke model, named for Robert H. Dicke, describes two-level atoms collectively coupled to a single cavity light mode and predicts a superradiant quantum phase transition.
Dickite
Dickite is a clay mineral of the kaolinite group, one of three natural polytypes alongside kaolinite and nacrite, named for Allan B. Dick, who described Welsh material in 1888.
Dickson nearfield
The Dickson nearfield, also called a regular nearfield, is a nearfield made by twisting the multiplication of a division ring, first constructed by Leonard Dickson in 1905.
Dicoumarol
Dicoumarol, also known as dicumarol or bishydroxycoumarin, is a naturally occurring vitamin K antagonist isolated from spoiled sweet clover in 1939 and the parent compound of warfarin.
Dictionary of Scientific Biography
The Dictionary of Scientific Biography is a scholarly reference work with more than 5,000 biographies of deceased scientists and mathematicians, published in New York from 1970 to 1980.
Dicyandiamide
Dicyandiamide (DCD), also called cyanoguanidine, is a white crystalline compound made by dimerizing cyanamide, used as a fertilizer nitrification inhibitor and a latent epoxy curing agent.
Dicyclic group
The dicyclic group Dic_n, also called the binary dihedral group, is a finite non-abelian group of order 4n defined by a presentation with generators a and b.
Dicyclohexylamine
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless, fishy-smelling secondary aliphatic amine, C₁₂H₂₃N, with two cyclohexyl groups, used mainly as a chemical intermediate for vapor-phase corrosion inhibitors and rubber vulcanization accelerators.
Dicyclopentadiene
Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), with formula C₁₀H₁₂, is a liquid petrochemical formed when cyclopentadiene dimerizes by a Diels-Alder reaction, used chiefly in unsaturated polyester resins and, by ring-opening metathesis polymerization, in tough molded polydicyclopentadiene parts.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC, CAS 7173-51-5) is a double-chain quaternary ammonium disinfectant and biocide first registered in 1962, membrane-active, poorly absorbed, approved in the EU for biocidal product-types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8.
Didier Bourissou
Didier Bourissou is a French organometallic and main-group chemist who directs research at CNRS in Toulouse, known for gold catalysis, ambiphilic ligands, and biodegradable polymers for drug delivery.
Didier Queloz
Didier Queloz, born in 1966, is a Swiss astronomer who co-discovered 51 Pegasi b, the first planet found orbiting a Sun-like star, winning the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Didier Sornette
Didier Sornette is a French physicist and professor emeritus of Entrepreneurial Risks at ETH Zurich, known for research on predicting financial bubbles and catastrophic events.
Didodecyldimethylammonium bromide
Didodecyldimethylammonium bromide, also called DDAB or dilauryldimethylammonium bromide, is a double-tailed quaternary ammonium surfactant, C₂₆H₅₆BrN, that forms vesicles in water, serves as a model amphiphile in colloid science, and carries DNA in gene-delivery formulations.
DIDSON
DIDSON (Dual-frequency IDentification SONar) is a high-frequency imaging sonar, often called an acoustic camera, that turns echoes into video-like images of fish in dark or turbid water.
Didymosphenia geminata
Didymosphenia geminata, commonly called didymo or rock snot, is a freshwater diatom native to northern Europe and North America that forms dense streambed mats in nutrient-poor rivers worldwide since the 1990s.
Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik
Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik (The Foundations of Arithmetic) is an 1884 book by the German philosopher and logician Gottlob Frege that argues arithmetic can be derived from logic alone.
Diederik Korteweg
Diederik Johannes Korteweg (1848–1941) was a Dutch mathematician and professor at the University of Amsterdam, known for the Korteweg–de Vries equation describing waves in shallow water.