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Monzonite
Monzonite is a coarse-grained plutonic igneous rock in which alkali feldspar and plagioclase occur in roughly equal amounts, with little quartz; it sits between syenite and diorite.
Moo-Young Han
Moo-Young Han (1934–2016) was a Korean-born American theoretical physicist who taught at Duke for 44 years and, with Yoichiro Nambu, proposed the three-triplet quark model whose SU(3) symmetry became the color charge of quantum chromodynamics.
Moody chart
The Moody chart, or Moody diagram, is a graph giving the Darcy friction factor for pipe flow from Reynolds number and relative roughness, published by Lewis F. Moody in 1944.
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite, a rocky body about one-fourth Earth's size that orbits 384,400 km away. It likely formed from debris of a giant collision with Earth.
Moon illusion
The moon illusion, also called the horizon illusion, is the effect in which the Moon looks larger near the horizon than high in the sky, despite unchanged angular size.
Moon Jeong Park
Moon Jeong Park (박문정) is a South Korean polymer chemist at POSTECH known for polymer ionics and the 2024 realization of the plumber's nightmare structure.
Moon rock
A Moon rock, also called a lunar sample, is a piece of the Moon's crust or regolith brought to Earth by Apollo, Luna, and Chang'e missions or found as meteorites.
Moonbow
A moonbow, also called a lunar rainbow, is a rainbow produced by moonlight rather than direct sunlight, and usually appears white to the naked eye.
Moonfall (film)
Moonfall is a 2022 science-fiction disaster film directed by Roland Emmerich, starring Halle Berry, Patrick Wilson, and John Bradley, released in the United States in February 2022.
Moonhyun Oh
Moonhyun Oh (오문현) is a South Korean inorganic chemist and professor at Yonsei University in Seoul, known for his 2005 Nature report of chemically tailorable colloidal particles.
Moonlight
Moonlight is sunlight reflected from the Moon's surface, which produces no light of its own; its phases cycle each month, and it calibrates satellites and guides nocturnal ecology.
Moonquake
A moonquake is a seismic event on the Moon, driven by Earth's tidal pull, global contraction as the Moon cools, and impacts, recorded by Apollo seismometers between 1969 and 1977.
Moons of Jupiter
The moons of Jupiter, also called Jupiter's satellites, are natural satellites ranging from the four planet-sized Galilean moons to small captured bodies, with 115 recognized as of 2026.
Moons of Mars
The moons of Mars, Phobos and Deimos, are two small, dark, tidally locked satellites discovered by Asaph Hall in 1877, whose origin, captured asteroids or impact debris, remains unresolved.
Moons of Neptune
Neptune's moons are the 16 known natural satellites of Neptune, led by captured Kuiper Belt object Triton, with Nereid, Hippocamp, and six moons revealed by Voyager 2's 1989 flyby.
Moons of Pluto
The moons of Pluto are five: large Charon, discovered in 1978, and the small satellites Styx, Nix, Kerberos, and Hydra, discovered between 2005 and 2012, orbiting the Pluto–Charon pair.
Moons of Saturn
Saturn's moons are the natural satellites of Saturn, the most of any planet at 285 confirmed, ranging from Titan, larger than Mercury, to tiny irregular fragments.
Moons of Uranus
The moons of Uranus are its natural satellites, 29 recognized as of 2026, with five major moons named for characters from Shakespeare, visited only by Voyager 2 in 1986.
Moonshine module
The moonshine module is an infinite-dimensional vertex operator algebra constructed by Frenkel, Lepowsky, and Meurman, on which the Monster group acts as its full automorphism group.
Moonshot (2022 film)
Moonshot is a 2022 American science fiction romantic comedy directed by Christopher Winterbauer, starring Cole Sprouse and Lana Condor, released on HBO Max on March 31, 2022.
Moonstone (gemstone)
Moonstone is a gem-quality feldspar named for adularescence, a soft glow that floats below the polished surface, caused by thin orthoclase and albite layers; it is a June birthstone.
MOORA method
The MOORA method, a multi-criteria decision making method introduced by Willem K. Brauers and Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas in 2006, ranks alternatives by normalizing criteria values and combining them into a single appraisal score.
Moore graph
A Moore graph is a regular graph of given degree and diameter containing the maximum possible number of vertices, attaining the Moore bound; examples include the Petersen graph.
Moore–Penrose inverse
The Moore–Penrose inverse, also called the Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse, is a generalized matrix inverse that exists uniquely for any matrix, and reduces to the ordinary inverse for nonsingular matrices.
Mooring (oceanography)
An oceanographic mooring is a anchored line with a surface or subsurface buoy and attached instruments that measure ocean conditions at one fixed station continuously, for months to years.
MoP
MoP, or molybdenum phosphide, is an inorganic compound of molybdenum and phosphorus and a triple-point semimetal, the first crystal in which three-component fermions were observed experimentally, in 2017.
Moran process
The Moran process, or Moran model, is a stochastic model of genetic drift in a finite population, introduced by P. A. P. Moran in 1958.
Moran's I
Moran's I is a statistic measuring spatial autocorrelation, whether similar values occur near each other, introduced by P. A. P. Moran in Biometrika in 1950.
Mordant
A mordant is a substance, usually a metal salt such as alum or iron sulfate, that fixes a dye to a fiber by forming an insoluble dye-metal-fiber complex.
Mordecai Shelef
Mordecai Shelef was a Ford Motor Company catalysis researcher who worked on automotive exhaust chemistry and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2001.