First-order subdivisions

Logone Occidental Region

Logone Occidental, a region of southern Chad with capital Moundou, four departments (Dodje, Gueni, Lac Wey, Ngourkosso), about 689,044 people in 2009, 1,000-1,200 mm rainfall, cotton farming.

Logone Oriental (Région du Logone Oriental) is a province of southwestern Chad with capital Doba, departments including Nya Pendé and Kouh-Est, 785,735 people (2009 census), oil fields near Doba, and high multidimensional poverty.

Loiret

Loiret (45) is a French department in Centre-Val de Loire, created 4 March 1790, prefecture Orléans. 691,268 inhabitants (2023), 6,775 km², 325 communes, named after the Loiret river.

Lombardy

Lombardy (Lombardia), Italy's most populous region (10,033,918 in 2024) around Milan, spans the Alps to the Po Valley with lakes Como, Garda, Maggiore, Iseo; highest Italian GDP, twelve provinces, Visconti-Sforza and Austrian history.

Lorestan Province

Lorestan (لرستان) is a mountainous province of western Iran in the Zagros, capital Khorramabad, about 1.75 million people, 10 counties, high earthquake, landslide, water scarcity, and wildfire hazard, and worsening drought since 2004.

Oct 22, 2026

Los Altos (state)

Los Altos, also known as Estado de Los Altos, was a state of the Federal Republic of Central America, formed from Guatemala's western highlands in 1838 with its capital at Quetzaltenango.

Louga

Louga, a region of northern Senegal created in 1976 from the split of Diourbel, capital the city of Louga; three departments (Kébémer, Linguère, Louga), about 1.13 million inhabitants (RGPH 2023), Sahelian pastoral economy.

Lower Austria

Lower Austria (Niederösterreich) is a federal state of Austria surrounding Vienna. It is the nation's largest state by area, with St. Pölten serving as its capital since 1986.

Lower Bavaria

Lower Bavaria (Niederbayern) is a Bavarian Regierungsbezirk, 10,325 km², about 1.25 million people, seat Landshut, named in 1255; rural district with BMW Dingolfing, Bavarian Forest tourism, and the Gäuboden farmland.

Lower Canada

Lower Canada (Bas-Canada), British colony 1791-1840 created by the Constitutional Act dividing Quebec; mostly French-speaking, became Canada East under the 1841 Act of Union after the 1837-38 Patriote rebellions.

Lualaba

Lualaba (Lualaba Province) is a province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created 9 January 2015 from Katanga, seat Kolwezi, bordering Angola and Zambia, and the center of DRC copper-cobalt mining; distinct from the Lualaba River.

Luanda Province

Luanda Province (Província de Luanda), Angola's most populous province containing the capital city Luanda, founded 1576; 8,665,510 residents in the 2024 census; divided in 2024 to create Icolo e Bengo province.

Luang Prabang Province

Luang Prabang Province (ຫຼວງພະບາງ), northern Laos; 12 districts, about 461,439 people (2021); home to UNESCO World Heritage town of Luang Prabang, Lan Xang royal capital, tourism-driven economy, and contested Mekong dam.

Luapula Province

Luapula Province, a province of northeastern Zambia, capital Mansa; borders DR Congo along the Luapula River and Lake Mweru; 50,567 km2, 991,927 people (2010), fishing, farming, and manganese mining economy.

Lubusz Voivodeship

Lubusz Voivodeship (województwo lubuskie), a Polish province created 1 January 1999 with capitals Gorzów Wielkopolski and Zielona Góra; 13,988 km², about 964,000 people, Germany border, most forested region, UNESCO Park Mużakowski.

Luhansk Oblast (Луганська область)

Luhansk Oblast (Луганська область), also called Voroshylovhrad oblast until 1958, is an eastern Ukrainian region on the Siverskyi Donets, bordering Russia; largely occupied since 2014 by the self-proclaimed Luhansk People's Republic and claimed as annexed by Russia in 2022.

Lumbini Province

Lumbini Province (लुम्बिनी प्रदेश), southwestern province of federal Nepal, capital Deukhuri (Bhalubang), 12 districts, 5,122,078 people (Census 2021), third in population and GDP share, home of the Buddha's birthplace Lumbini.

Lunda Norte Province

Lunda Norte (Província da Lunda-Norte), northeastern Angola province, capital Dundo, created 1978 from the Lunda division; 103,760 km², 19 municipalities, 1,742,217 people (2024 census), Cokwe people, diamond mining economy.

Lunda Sul Province

Lunda Sul Province (Província da Lunda Sul), eastern Angola, capital Saurimo; 77,636 km², 14 municipalities, 893,936 people (2024 census); Cokwe people and language; diamond mining at Catoca; governor Gildo Matias José since 2025.

Lusaka Province

Lusaka Province, one of Zambia's ten provinces, holds the national capital Lusaka. Smallest by area (about 21,900 km²) but most populous (3,079,964 in 2022), with six districts including Lusaka, Kafue, and Rufunsa.

Lusitania

Lusitania, also Hispania Lusitania, was a Roman imperial province in western Iberia created by Augustus, capital Emerita Augusta (Mérida), bounded by the Douro and Guadiana, ending under Visigothic control by 411 AD.

Luxor Governorate

Luxor Governorate (محافظة الأقصر) is one of Egypt's 27 governorates, created in 2009 from Qena and governed from Luxor, about 635 km south of Cairo.

Lviv Oblast

Lviv Oblast (Львівська область), a western Ukrainian province centered on Lviv, created 4 December 1939, area 21,831 km², population about 2.48 million (2022), 7 districts, UNESCO-listed Lviv old town, EU border gateway.

Oct 22, 2026

Lwów Voivodeship

Lwów Voivodeship, in Polish województwo lwowskie, was an administrative unit of the Second Polish Republic, capital Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine), created in 1920 and operating from 1921 to 1939.

M'Sila Province

M'Sila Province (ولاية المسيلة), Algerian wilaya 28 in the central High Plateaus, capital M'Sila city. 18,175 km², about 1.21 million people, 47 communes, 15 districts; home to the UNESCO Kalâa of Béni Hammad and Chott El Hodna.

Madang Province

Madang Province, northern coastal province of Papua New Guinea with capital Madang town; six districts, Bismarck Sea coastline, Ramu River, cocoa and copra economy, former German New Guinea headquarters.

Madhesh

Madhesh (मधेश) Province, formerly Province No. 2, is Nepal's smallest but most populous province in the southeastern Terai, capital Janakpurdham, named in 2022, with the country's lowest per-capita income and weakest social indicators.

Madhya Pradesh (मध्य प्रदेश)

Madhya Pradesh (मध्य प्रदेश), the "Heart of India", is a central Indian state formed 1 November 1956; Chhattisgarh split off in 2000. Capital Bhopal, largest city Indore, area 308,252 km², 2011 population 72.6 million.

Madras State

Madras State, an Indian state from 1950 to 1969 formed from Madras Presidency, lost Andhra in 1953, was redrawn by the States Reorganisation Act 1956, and became Tamil Nadu on 14 January 1969.