1,726 articles
Päijät-Häme
Päijät-Häme (Päijänne-Tavastland), region code 07, is a Finnish maakunta around Lahti with 204,522 inhabitants in 10 municipalities; created by 1870s railway logistics, governed by a regional council with a 2022–2025 strategy.
Palawan
Palawan: largest Philippine province by land area (about 1.5 million hectares), a 1,768-island archipelagic province in MIMAROPA; UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 1990; economy of agriculture, fisheries, ecotourism, mining; 2021 plebiscite kept it one province.
Pampanga
Pampanga is a province in Central Luzon, Philippines, capital City of San Fernando; 2,586,446 residents (2024, excluding Angeles City), 2 cities, 19 municipalities; fastest-growing Central Luzon province at 1.43 percent annual growth.
Panamá Oeste
Panamá Oeste, Panama's newest province, created by Law 119 of 30 December 2013 from Panamá province, effective 1 January 2014. Capital La Chorrera; five districts; 606,458 residents in 2020; borders Colón, Panamá, Coclé, and the Pacific.
Panchagarh District
Panchagarh District (পঞ্চগড়), Bangladesh's northernmost district in Rangpur division, formed 1 February 1984 from five upazilas; area 1,404.62 km², India on three sides over 286.87 km, smallholder tea economy, named for five historic forts.
Pangasinan
Pangasinan, a province of the Philippines on west central Luzon (capital Lingayen), name means "where salt is made." 4 cities, 44 municipalities; 3,188,540 people (2024); ₱408.45-billion economy in 2025, 53.1% of Ilocos Region output.
Panjshir Province
Panjshir Province (پنجشیر), Afghanistan's smallest province, a Tajik-majority valley northeast of Kabul carved from Parwan in 2004; Massoud's anti-Soviet stronghold, last province to resist the Taliban in 2021, and home to major emerald mines.
Pannonia
Pannonia (latin Pannonia) was a Roman province south and west of the Danube, established AD 9, divided by Trajan into Superior and Inferior, ending under Hun occupation in the mid-5th century.
Panshan
Panshan (盘山县) is a county of Panjin, Liaoning, China, at the lower Liao River; main producing area of Panjin rice and river crab, home of Liaohe Oilfield's main production area, 2024 GDP 16.91 billion yuan.
Papua (province)
Papua is an Indonesian province on western New Guinea, capital Jayapura; after the 2022 division it retained the north coast and borders Papua New Guinea.
Pará
Pará is Brazil's second largest state, in the North Region, capital Belém; name from Tupi 'pa'ra' (river-sea). Known for the 1616 Forte do Presépio, the 1835 Cabanagem revolt, rubber and Carajás mining, and Amazon deforestation.
Paraíba (district)
Paraíba (Estado da Paraíba), a Brazilian state in the Northeast Region with capital João Pessoa; 56,467 km², 223 municipalities, about 3.97 million people (2022), Ponta do Seixas easternmost point of South America, semiarid interior, services-led economy.
Pardubický kraj
Pardubický kraj (Pardubice Region), Czech NUTS3 region CZ053 in eastern Bohemia with capital Pardubice; 4,518.9 km², about 530,000 inhabitants, 451 municipalities, fastest 2024 GDP growth among Czech regions.
Patiala and East Punjab States Union (ਪਟਿਆਲਾ ਅਤੇ ਪੂਰਬੀ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਰਿਆਸਤਾਂ ਸੰਘ)
PEPSU (Patiala and East Punjab States Union) was an Indian Part B state formed 5 May 1948 from eight princely states including Patiala, Nabha, Jind, and Kapurthala, ruled by a Rajpramukh, and merged into Punjab on 1 November 1956.
Pavlodar Region
Pavlodar Region (Kazakh: Pavlodar oblysy; Russian: Павлодарская область) is a region of northeastern Kazakhstan on the Irtysh River, formed in 1938, with the city of Pavlodar as its administrative center.
Penang
Penang (Pulau Pinang), Malaysian state of Penang Island and Seberang Perai; founded by Francis Light in 1786, first Straits Settlements capital, George Town UNESCO site since 2008, semiconductor and heritage hub.
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (PA), a northeastern U.S. commonwealth chartered to William Penn in 1681 and the second state to ratify the Constitution in 1787; capital Harrisburg, 67 counties, about 13.06 million residents, land area 44,742 square miles.
Penza Oblast
Penza Oblast (Пензенская область), a Russian federal subject in the Volga Federal District formed 4 February 1939; center Penza; 43,300 km²; about 1.23 million people; agriculture and machinery.
Perak
Perak (Perak Darul Ridzuan) is a west-coast Malaysian state, capital Ipoh, population about 2.5 million. Sultanate founded 1528; Pangkor Treaty 1874 began British rule; services-led economy, 5.7% GDP growth in 2025.
Perlis
Perlis (Perlis Indera Kayangan), Malaysia's smallest state at the Thai border, capital Kangar; former Siamese vassal transferred to Britain by the 1909 Bangkok Treaty; known for Gua Kelam, Harumanis mango, Padang Besar duty-free zone.
Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Пермский край), Russian federal subject in the Volga Federal District, capital Perm; formed 1 December 2005 from Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug, the first post-2000 regional merger; industrial, forested, population 2.5 million.
Phalombe District
Phalombe District is a district of Malawi in the Southern Region, east of Blantyre and bordering Mozambique, created in June 1998 from Mulanje District and among Malawi's most flood-prone areas.
Phetchabun
Phetchabun (เพชรบูรณ์), a lower-northern Thai province on the Pa Sak River with about 960,000 residents, 11 districts, Khao Kho mountain scenery, and the UNESCO-listed ancient town of Si Thep (2023).
Phra Tabong Province
Phra Tabong Province was a Thai province corresponding to Battambang in Cambodia, held by Siam from 1795 to 1907 and again from 1941 to 1946.
Phuket province
Phuket province (จังหวัดภูเก็ต), also historically Takola, Junk Ceylon, and Bukit, is Thailand's largest island province in the Andaman Sea, transformed from tin mining to a tourism-dominated economy with over 14 million annual visitors.
Piauí
Piauí is a state of Brazil in the Northeast region, with its capital at Teresina and a 2022 population of 3,271,199. It is among Brazil's poorest states and sits between the semiarid sertão and the cerrado.
Picardy
Picardy (Picardie), historical province and former administrative region of northern France (Aisne, Oise, Somme; chef-lieu Amiens), merged into Hauts-de-France on 1 January 2016; known for Gothic cathedrals, Somme valley, and rich agriculture.
Pinal County, Arizona
Pinal County, Arizona: county between Phoenix and Tucson, seat Florence, created February 1, 1875 from Maricopa and Pima counties. Population 539,380 (2025 est.), copper mining, agriculture, and among the fastest-growing U.S. counties.
Pingtung County (屏东县)
Pingtung County (屏東縣) is Taiwan's southernmost county, seat Pingtung City, population 798,367 (2023). Tropical monsoon climate, Kenting National Park, Hakka and Indigenous communities, agriculture, groundwater subsidence, and rapid aging distinguish it.
Pingyin
Pingyin County is a county in southwestern Jinan, Shandong Province, China, on the right bank of the Yellow River, known for its roses and carbon products.