2,436 articles
Gilbert Strait
Gilbert Strait, also called Davies Gilbert Strait or estrecho Gilbert, is an Antarctic strait between Trinity and Tower Islands in the Palmer Archipelago at 63°38'S 60°16'W, named in 1828-31 for Royal Society president Davies Gilbert.
Ginnie Springs
Ginnie Springs: privately owned group of springs on the Santa Fe River near High Springs, Florida, feeding about 10% of the river's flow; famed cave-diving park whose aquifer water is bottled under a contested Seven Springs/BlueTriton permit.
Giovanni da Verrazzano
Giovanni da Verrazzano (Janus Verrazanus, 1485-1528), Florentine navigator for Francis I of France, explored the Atlantic coast from South Carolina to Nova Scotia in 1524 aboard the Dauphine, first European to describe New York Harbor; died 1528 on a second voyage.
Gironde estuary
Gironde estuary (estuaire de la Gironde): macrotidal estuary in southwest France formed by the Garonne and Dordogne at Bec d'Ambès; largest in France, ~76 km long, 4.5 m tidal range at mouth, permanent turbidity maximum of 1-10 g/L, major migratory fish habitat.
GIUK gap
The GIUK gap, or Greenland-Iceland-UK Gap, is the North Atlantic passage between Greenland, Iceland, and the United Kingdom through which ships and submarines from Arctic waters enter the Atlantic.
Glacial lake outburst flood
A glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) is the sudden release of water dammed by glacier ice, moraine, or an ice jam, flooding valleys tens to hundreds of kilometers downstream.
Glass Beach (Fort Bragg, California)
Glass Beach at Fort Bragg, Mendocino County, California: a shore of wave-smoothed sea glass formed from town refuse dumped over bluffs from 1906 to 1967; its main cove lies in MacKerricher State Park, where collecting is prohibited and the glass has visibly thinned.
Glastonbury Lake Village
Glastonbury Lake Village is an Iron Age crannog settlement of 90 mounds and 40 roundhouses on the Somerset Levels near Godney, discovered in 1892 by Arthur Bulleid, excavated 1892–1907, occupied roughly 200–50 BC.
Glyfada (Γλυφάδα)
Glyfada (Γλυφάδα) is a seaside municipality of the Athenian Riviera on the Saronic Gulf, south of Athens, on the site of the ancient deme of Aixone; renamed in the early 20th century for brackish wells, with four marinas and free beaches.
Gocta
Gocta (Catarata de Gocta) is a two-tiered waterfall in Peru's Amazonas region, dropping 771 meters near Cocachimba and San Pablo and becoming internationally known after 2005.
Godavari River
Godavari River: major peninsular Indian river, also called Dakshina Ganga, rising near Trimbak, Maharashtra, flowing 1,465 km to the Bay of Bengal; second largest river in India with a 312,000 sq km basin across six states.
Gods
Gods (Gods Lake, Cree Manitou Sakayigun, "Lake of the Gods") is a large deep lake in northeastern Manitoba, about 550 km northeast of Winnipeg, site of a 1935-1943 gold mine on Elk Island and a remote fly-in trophy fishery.
Goéland
Goéland is French for gull and a common Canadian toponym: Lac au Goéland in Eeyou Istchee Baie-James (251 km², Cree name Kiashk), several other official Quebec lakes, and species names like goéland argenté.
Golden Gate
The Golden Gate is the roughly 3-mile-long, 1-mile-wide strait linking San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean, named Chrysopylae by John C. Fremont in 1846 after the Golden Horn, with tidal currents of 4.5 to 7.5 knots.
Golden Horn
The Golden Horn (Haliç) is Istanbul's horn-shaped estuary of the Bosphorus, the historic harbor of Byzantium and Constantinople, chained against attack and bypassed by Mehmed II in 1453, later heavily polluted and restored from the 1980s onward.
Goldsmith Channel
Goldsmith Channel: two official channels in Nunavut, Canada; the main one is a roughly 100 km Arctic strait separating Stefansson Island from Victoria Island's Storkerson Peninsula, connecting Viscount Melville Sound and M'Clintock Channel, named for John Goldsmith in 1952.
Golfe du Morbihan (Kerguelen)
The Golfe du Morbihan is a large, almost fully enclosed natural harbor on the east side of the Kerguelen Islands, sheltering the French research station Port-aux-Français.
Golfo di Trieste - Italy
Golfo di Trieste (Gulf of Trieste), a shallow ~500 km2 semi-enclosed bay at the northeastern Adriatic between Italy and Slovenia; LTER site C1 since 1986, Miramare MPA, OGS marine observatory, Isonzo inflow and bora winds.
Golfo di Venezia - Italy
Golfo di Venezia (Gulf of Venice), inlet of the northwestern Adriatic from the Po Delta to Capo Promontore and an LTER-Italy site (IT12-001-M) run by CNR-ISMAR, with observations since the late 19th century and the Acqua Alta platform 15 km offshore Venice.
Golfo San Jorge
Golfo San Jorge is a large semi-open gulf of the Argentine Sea on Patagonia's central coast, spanning Chubut and Santa Cruz provinces and covering about 40,000 km².
Goodwin Sands
Goodwin Sands: shifting sandbanks 4 miles off east Kent, 10 miles long, near Dover Strait shipping lanes; about 2,000 shipwrecks, a 277 km2 Marine Conservation Zone, and a contested 2018 dredging licence.
Gotland Basin
Gotland Basin: deep sub-basin of the central Baltic Sea east of Gotland island, containing the Gotland Deep (about 249 m, station BY15); known for anoxic, hydrogen sulfide-rich deep water, episodic Major Baltic Inflow ventilation, and high internal nutrient release.
Gough Island
Gough Island (Diego Alvarez), a 91 km² volcanic island in the South Atlantic belonging to Tristan da Cunha, is a UNESCO World Heritage seabird sanctuary with a South African weather station since 1956, threatened by predatory introduced house mice.
Govater Bay and Hur-e-Bahu
Govater Bay and Hur-e-Bahu is a 75,000-hectare Ramsar wetland in southeast Iran on the Gulf of Oman coast, designated in 1999, home to marsh crocodiles and Dalmatian pelicans.
Grand Banks of Newfoundland
Grand Banks of Newfoundland: submerged plateaus southeast of Newfoundland, also called the Grand Bank group, among the world's richest fishing grounds. Fished since Cabot's 1497 report; cod moratorium 1992; Northern cod declared healthy in 2026.
Grand Canal (Venice)
The Grand Canal, or Canal Grande, is the main waterway of Venice, Italy, crossing the city in a large "S" for about 3,800 meters and crossed by 4 bridges.
Grand Kankakee Marsh
Grand Kankakee Marsh, the "Everglades of the North," was a vast Kankakee River wetland in Indiana and Illinois, over 500,000 acres, drained for farmland from 1869 to the 1920s; only about 13 percent of the basin's wetlands remain.
Grand Lake (lake, Canada)
Grand Lake (Labrador) is a 60 km long, 250 m deep fjord lake in Labrador, Canada, fed by the Naskaupi and Beaver Rivers and draining to Lake Melville; distinct from Grand Lake, New Brunswick and other namesakes.
Grand Prismatic Spring
Grand Prismatic Spring, in Midway Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, is the largest hot spring in the United States and third largest in the world, famed for rainbow thermophile color bands.
Grande (river, Bolivia)
Río Grande (Guapay), Bolivian Andean river formed by the Caine and San Pedro, tributary of the Mamoré–Madeira–Amazon system; ~100,000 km² basin with Santa Cruz and Cochabamba, heavy January–March floods.