224 articles
Bény-sur-Mer Canadian War Cemetery
Bény-sur-Mer Canadian War Cemetery, near Reviers, Normandy, is a CWGC cemetery holding about 2,048 burials, mostly 3rd Canadian Division soldiers killed on D-Day at Juno Beach and in the advance toward Caen.
Bicesse Accords
The Bicesse Accords, formally the Peace Accords for Angola, were a peace agreement signed in Portugal on 31 May 1991 between Angola's government and UNITA to end the first phase of the Angolan Civil War.
Books of Remembrance (Canada)
Books of Remembrance (Canada): eight memorial volumes on Parliament Hill, Ottawa, recording over 120,000 Canadians who died in military service, from the First World War Book (dedicated 1942) to the War of 1812 Book (2019).
Bosnian genocide
Bosnian genocide: judicially established genocide against Bosnian Muslims in the 1992-1995 war, centered on the July 1995 Srebrenica massacre of about 8,000 men and boys, confirmed by the ICTY and ICJ.
British war crimes
British war crimes: allegations against UK forces in Iraq (2003-2009) and Afghanistan (2010-2013), covering detainee abuse and unlawful killings; ICC examination, IHAT, Operation Northmoor, and the Haddon-Cave inquiry.
Burial of Ferdinand Marcos
Burial of Ferdinand Marcos: interment of the Philippine dictator's remains at the Libingan ng mga Bayani on November 18, 2016, authorized by Duterte, upheld 9-5-1 by the Supreme Court, and met with protests over his disputed war record and martial law abuses.
Carthaginian peace
Carthaginian peace describes settlements that impose very harsh terms, based on Rome's 201 BC treatment of Carthage. John Maynard Keynes popularized the term in 1919.
Casamance peace process
The Casamance peace process is the sequence of ceasefires and peace deals between Senegal and the separatist MFDC, which has fought the state since 1982 over Casamance.
Casualties of the Twelve-Day War
Casualties of the Twelve-Day War, the June 13–24, 2025 Israel–Iran conflict (Operation Rising Lion): Iranian deaths estimated 935 official to 1,190 (HRANA), 28 killed in Israel, plus senior commanders and nuclear scientists killed.
Ceasefire
A ceasefire is an agreement between conflict parties to suspend fighting, also called a truce; distinct from a humanitarian pause and armistice, it often includes monitoring, verification, technology, and third-party enforcement, and does not itself end a war.
Cenotaph
A cenotaph (German: Kenotaph), from the Greek for 'empty tomb', is a monument to a person buried elsewhere, a practice dating to ancient Greece and Rome.
Charter for Peace and National Reconciliation
The Charter for Peace and National Reconciliation is an Algerian declaration of principles, approved by referendum in 2005 to end the aftermath of the 1990s civil war.
Christian Wirth
Christian Wirth (1885-1944), German SS-Sturmbannführer and Kriminalkommissar; T4 euthanasia office chief, first Belzec commandant and Inspector of the Operation Reinhard camps Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka; killed by partisans near Trieste in 1944.
Christmas truce
The Christmas truce was a series of unofficial ceasefires around Christmas 1914 on the Western Front, where about 100,000 British, German, French, and Belgian soldiers sang carols, exchanged gifts, buried the dead, and played informal football.
Comfort women
Comfort women (ianfu, 慰安婦): women and girls, mostly Korean and Chinese, held in Imperial Japanese Army military brothels 1932–1945; contested coercion, 1993 Kono apology, 2015 Japan–Korea settlement.
Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine
Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine (靖國神社), Tokyo's Shinto war-dead shrine: the secret 1978 enshrinement of 14 Class-A war criminals, prime ministerial visits, constitutional church-state disputes, and Chinese and Korean objections.
David McBride (whistleblower)
David McBride, Australian Army lawyer who leaked classified Afghanistan war-crimes documents to the ABC in 2017, prompting The Afghan Files; sentenced in 2024 to five years eight months and paroled 13 August 2026, the only person convicted over the allegations.
Dayton Agreement
Dayton Agreement (General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Dayton Peace Agreement): peace treaty initialed 21 November 1995 at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, and signed in Paris 14 December 1995, ending the 1992-95 Bosnian war and creating a two-entity, ethnically power-sharing Bosnian state.
Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill
Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill: the British statesman died 24 January 1965 aged 90 and received Operation Hope Not, a state funeral at St Paul's Cathedral on 30 January 1965, then burial at Bladon.
Defence Day
Defence Day (Youm-e-Difa), 6 September, is Pakistan's annual observance of the 1965 war, marking the Indian crossing of the international border toward Lahore and Kasur; now observed as Defence and Martyrs Day with change-of-guard and gun-salute ceremonies.
Deportation of Greeks, Bulgarians and Armenians from Crimea
The deportation of Greeks, Bulgarians and Armenians from Crimea was an NKVD operation in late June 1944 that sent about 41,000 people to the Urals, Siberia, and Kazakhstan.
Deportation of the Crimean Tatars
Sürgünlik (Sürgün, "exile"): the Soviet deportation of about 191,044 Crimean Tatars from Crimea, 18–20 May 1944, ordered by Stalin, run by Beria's NKVD on collaboration charges, with mass exile mortality, detatarization, and return only from 1989.
Dries Riphagen
Dries Riphagen (Bernardus Andreas Riphagen, 1909-1973), nicknamed the 'Al Capone of Amsterdam', was a Dutch underworld criminal and Nazi collaborator who hunted Jews in hiding for the Sicherheitsdienst and Bureau Joodsche Zaken, extorted and stole their property, betrayed over 200 Jews, then escaped to Argentina with intelligence-service help and died in Switzerland.
Effect of the Gaza war on children in the Gaza Strip
Impact of the Gaza war (from 7 October 2023) on Gaza Strip children: over 64,000 killed or injured, repeated displacement averaging 8.1 times, famine, closed schools for 637,500 children, and widespread trauma per UNICEF and UN data.
Eichmann in Jerusalem
Hannah Arendt's 1963 book Eichmann in Jerusalem, from her New Yorker reporting on the 1961 Jerusalem trial of Adolf Eichmann, coined 'the banality of evil' and sparked decades of controversy over her portrait of Eichmann and her criticism of the Jewish Councils.
El Alamein (العلمين)
El Alamein (العلمين), Egyptian coastal town ~100 km west of Alexandria, site of the 1942 WWII desert battles and of Commonwealth, German, and Italian war cemeteries, the Alamein Memorial, and the 1965 military museum.
Eli Sharabi (אלי שרעבי)
Eli Sharabi (אלי שרעבי) is an Israeli from Kibbutz Be'eri held by Hamas for 491 days after October 7, 2023, released February 8, 2025; author of the record-selling memoir Hostage and advocate for remaining hostages.
Elisabeth Becker
Elisabeth Becker (1923–1946), German SS Aufseherin at the Stutthof concentration camp women's section SK-III from 1944; convicted of war crimes by a Polish court in Danzig in 1946 and hanged at Biskupia Górka on 4 July 1946.
Erich Priebke
Erich Priebke (1913-2013), German SS-Hauptsturmführer in Rome and Kappler associate, co-led the 1944 Ardeatine Caves massacre of 335 Italians; fled to Argentina, was extradited in 1995, and died under house arrest after a life sentence.
Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski
Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski (1899–1972), SS-Obergruppenführer, was Higher SS and Police Leader Russland-Mitte, chief of anti-partisan warfare, and commander of the suppression of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising; he testified at Nuremberg and was convicted only of prewar murders.