224 articles
Internment
Internment: executive-ordered confinement without criminal charges, as a non-punitive security measure in armed conflict. Covers POW and civilian internment under Geneva Convention IV and World War II programs in the US, UK, and Australia.
Iraq Inquiry
The Iraq Inquiry, known as the Chilcot Inquiry, was a British inquiry chaired by Sir John Chilcot that examined the UK's role in the Iraq conflict.
Iraq War documents leak
The Iraq War documents leak, also known as the Iraq War Logs, was WikiLeaks' October 2010 release of 391,832 US military field reports from the Iraq War.
Irma Grese
Irma Grese, born Irmgard Ilse Ida Grese, was a German concentration camp guard at Ravensbrück, Auschwitz-Birkenau, and Bergen-Belsen, convicted of war crimes and hanged in 1945 at 22.
Israeli war crimes in the Gaza war
Israeli war crimes in the Gaza war: UN Commission of Inquiry findings (June 2024 war crimes; September 2025 genocide), ICJ South Africa v. Israel case, ICC Palestine situation, HRW displacement documentation, and Israel's rebuttals.
Italian concentration camps in Libya
The Italian concentration camps in Libya were sixteen camps in Cyrenaica where Fascist Italy interned about 110,000 nomads from 1929 to 1934, and starvation killed at least a third of the population.
Iva Toguri D'Aquino (戸栗郁子)
Iva Toguri D'Aquino (戸栗郁子, 1916–2006), the American behind the mythical 'Tokyo Rose,' broadcast as 'Orphan Ann' on Radio Tokyo's Zero Hour, was convicted of treason in 1949, and pardoned by President Ford in 1977.
Ivan the Terrible (Treblinka guard)
Ivan the Terrible (Ivan Grozny) was the nickname Treblinka prisoners gave the sadistic Ukrainian gas-chamber operator of 1942-43, later identified as Ivan Marchenko; John Demjanjuk was wrongly convicted under the name and acquitted by Israel's Supreme Court in 1993.
Iwane Matsui (松井岩根)
Iwane Matsui (松井石根, 1878–1948), Imperial Japanese Army general, commanded the Central China Area Army that captured Nanjing in 1937; convicted at the Tokyo trial under Count 55 for failing to prevent the Nanjing Massacre and hanged December 23, 1948.
Japanese Instrument of Surrender
Japanese Instrument of Surrender: the September 2, 1945 document signed by Shigemitsu, Umezu, and MacArthur aboard USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay accepting the Potsdam Declaration and ending World War II.
Japanese war crimes
Japanese war crimes: atrocities by the Empire of Japan's forces, 1931–1945, including the Nanjing Massacre, comfort women, Unit 731 human experimentation, and POW abuse, and the postwar Tokyo and Allied trials.
Jianchuan Museum Cluster
Jianchuan Museum Cluster (建川博物馆聚落), China's largest private museum complex, founded by Fan Jianchuan in Anren, Dayi County, Chengdu, Sichuan; over 10 million artifacts, 33 open halls, National First-Class Museum, 5A scenic area.
Joachim Peiper
Joachim Peiper, born in 1915, was a German Waffen-SS officer and adjutant to Himmler who commanded armored units of the 1st SS Division before being convicted of war crimes.
John Demjanjuk (Іван Миколайович Дем'янюк)
John Demjanjuk (Іван Миколайович Дем'янюк), Ukrainian-born Ohio autoworker and Nazi Trawniki guard; death sentence in Israel as Treblinka's "Ivan the Terrible" overturned 1993; convicted in Munich 2011 as Sobibor accessory to murder; died 2012 with appeal pending.
Josef Kramer
Josef Kramer (1906-1945), German SS-Hauptsturmführer and camp commandant known as the Beast of Belsen; commanded Natzweiler-Struthof, Auschwitz II-Birkenau, and Bergen-Belsen; executed after the 1945 Belsen Trial.
Josef Mengele
Josef Mengele, also known as Dr. Mengele, was a German physician and SS captain at Auschwitz-Birkenau who conducted lethal experiments on prisoners and fled justice for 34 years.
Julius Streicher
Julius Streicher (1885–1946), Nazi Gauleiter of Franconia and founder of the antisemitic weekly Der Stürmer, organizer of the 1933 anti-Jewish boycott; convicted of crimes against humanity at Nuremberg and hanged in 1946.
Jürgen Stroop
Jürgen Stroop (born Joseph Stroop, 1895–1952) was the SS and Police Leader who commanded the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto in 1943, compiled the Stroop Report used at Nuremberg, and was executed in Warsaw in 1952.
Kangura
Kangura (Kinyarwanda for "wake others up") was a Rwandan propaganda magazine founded and edited by Hassan Ngeze from 1990 to 1994, the most influential hate publication of the period before the Rwandan genocide.
Karel Čurda
Karel Čurda (1911–1947), Czechoslovak paratrooper of the Out Distance group, betrayed the Heydrich assassins to the Gestapo in June 1942, received 5 million crowns, worked as a Gestapo agent as Karl Jerhot, and was hanged at Pankrác in 1947.
Kargil Vijay Diwas (कारगिल विजय दिवस)
Kargil Vijay Diwas (कारगिल विजय दिवस), India's Kargil Victory Day, observed every 26 July since 2000 to mark the 1999 recapture of Kargil heights in Operation Vijay, with ceremonies at the Dras war memorial.
Karl Brandt
Karl Franz Friedrich Brandt (1904–1948), German physician, SS-Gruppenführer, and Hitler's escort physician from 1934; as Reich Commissioner for Sanitation and Health he directed the Nazi euthanasia program and forced experiments, and was executed after the Nuremberg Doctors' Trial.
Karl Hermann Frank
Karl Hermann Frank (1898–1946), Sudeten German Nazi official, State Secretary then German State Minister for Bohemia and Moravia and Higher SS and Police Leader; responsible for Lidice, executed in Prague in 1946.
Karl-Otto Koch
Karl-Otto Koch (1897–1945), SS-Standartenführer, commanded Sachsenburg, Sachsenhausen, Buchenwald, and Majdanek; convicted by an SS court of murdering three prisoners and embezzlement, he was the only camp commandant executed by the SS, shot at Buchenwald on 5 April 1945.
Kohima War Cemetery
Kohima War Cemetery, a Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery on Garrison Hill in Kohima, Nagaland, commemorates the 1944 Battle of Kohima with 1,420 Commonwealth graves, the Kohima Epitaph, and a cremation memorial to 917 Hindu and Sikh soldiers.
Kurt Meyer
Kurt Meyer (1910-1961), nicknamed Panzermeyer, Waffen-SS general commanding the 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend in Normandy; convicted by a Canadian military court at Aurich in 1945 of war crimes against Canadian POWs, death sentence commuted, released 1954.
Kuwaiti oil fires
Kuwaiti oil fires: more than 600 Kuwaiti oil wells set alight by retreating Iraqi forces in early 1991, burning about 4.6 million barrels a day until the last was capped November 6, 1991.
Lancaster House Agreement
The Lancaster House Agreement, signed 21 December 1979 in London, ended Rhodesia's civil war, agreed Zimbabwe's independence constitution and a ceasefire among Britain, the Zimbabwe-Rhodesia administration, and the Mugabe-Nkomo Patriotic Front, with entrenched willing-buyer willing-seller land clauses for ten years.
Leuchter report
The Leuchter report is a 1988 document by Fred A. Leuchter Jr. denying the homicidal gas chambers at Auschwitz; courts and scientists have rejected it.
Life unworthy of life
Life unworthy of life (Lebensunwertes Leben) was the Nazi designation, from the 1920 Binding-Hoche tract, for disabled people deemed a genetic and financial burden; it underpinned sterilization of 400,000 Germans and the T4 "euthanasia" murder of roughly 250,000 to 300,000 patients.