5,963 articles
Palmiry massacre
The Palmiry massacre was a series of mass executions by German SS and police near Warsaw from December 1939 to July 1941, killing over 1,700 Poles.
Palmyra offensive (March 2016)
The March 2016 Palmyra offensive: Syrian forces with Russian air support retook Palmyra from ISIS on 27 March 2016, ending ten months of occupation; later reversed in December 2016.
Pamir Boundary Commission
The Pamir Boundary Commission was the joint Anglo-Russian commission of 1895, led by General Gerard and General Povalo-Scheikovski, that demarcated the Russian-Afghan boundary along the Panj and Pamir rivers.
Pan Am Flight 73
Pan Am Flight 73 was a Bombay to New York passenger flight hijacked at Karachi in 1986 by four armed men; about 20 people were killed.
Pancho Villa Expedition
The Pancho Villa Expedition (Mexican or Punitive Expedition, 1916-1917) was Pershing's U.S. Army invasion of northern Mexico after Villa's Columbus, New Mexico raid; Villa was never captured.
Panjdeh incident
The Panjdeh incident, also spelled Penjdeh, was an 1885 Russian attack on Afghan forces at the Panjdeh oasis that nearly brought Britain and Russia to war.
Panmunjom (판문점)
Panmunjom (판문점) is the DMZ truce village where the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed July 27, 1953, home of the Joint Security Area, later summit site, closed to blue-building tours since 2023.
Panthay Rebellion
The Panthay Rebellion, known in Chinese as the Du Wenxiu Rebellion (杜文秀起义), was an 1856–1873 uprising in Yunnan, Qing China, led by the Muslim Hui people.
Papua conflict
Papua conflict: the OPM/TPNPB insurgency against Indonesian rule in western New Guinea since the 1960s, rooted in the contested 1969 Act of Free Choice; escalated after 2018, with tens of thousands displaced and special autonomy disputes unresolved.
Paquisha War
The Paquisha War was a border clash between Ecuador and Peru in early 1981 over watchposts in the Cordillera del Cóndor, known in Peru as the Falso Paquisha conflict.
Paraguay during the Chaco War
Paraguay during the Chaco War (1932–1935) defeated Bolivia over the disputed Chaco Boreal, gaining most of the territory at a cost of about 30,000 Paraguayan dead.
Paraguayan Civil War (1947)
The Paraguayan Civil War of 1947, also called the Barefoot Revolution, pitted army rebels backed by Liberal, Febrerista, and Communist parties against Higinio Morínigo's government from March to August 1947.
Paraguayan War
The Paraguayan War, also called the War of the Triple Alliance (1864 to 1870), pitted Paraguay against Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, killing over half of Paraguay's population.
Paris massacre of 1961
Paris massacre of 1961, also called the 17 October 1961 massacre: killing of Algerian FLN demonstrators by Paris police under Prefect Maurice Papon during the Algerian War; at least 120 dead, 12,000 arrested, decades of state denial before recognition.
Paris Peace Accords
The Paris Peace Accords (Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring the Peace in Vietnam), initialed by Kissinger and Le Duc Tho January 23, 1973 and signed January 27 by four parties, ended direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, provided for POW release and a sixty-day U.S. withdrawal, and collapsed by 1975.
Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
The Paris Peace Conference, also known as the Versailles Peace Conference, was the 1919–1920 diplomatic gathering of Allied victors of World War I that drafted the Treaty of Versailles.
Parsley massacre
The Parsley massacre (El Corte) was the October 1937 killing of thousands of Haitians and Dominicans of Haitian descent on Trujillo's orders along the Dominican-Haitian border, with death toll estimates from under 1,000 to 30,000.
Partition of the Ottoman Empire
Partition of the Ottoman Empire: the Allied division of Ottoman lands via secret WWI pacts (Constantinople agreement 1915, Sykes-Picot 1916, Balfour Declaration 1917), the mandate system, Treaty of Sevres 1920, and its replacement by the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne after the Turkish National Struggle.
Pastry War
Pastry War (Guerra de los Pasteles, Guerre des Pâtisseries), the 1838-1839 First French Intervention in Mexico: a French blockade of Veracruz, bombardment of San Juan de Ulúa, and a treaty making Mexico pay 600,000 pesos.
Patagonia Rebelde
Patagonia Rebelde, also called Patagonia Trágica, was the anarcho-syndicalist rural workers' strike movement in Santa Cruz, Argentina, from 1920 to 1922, ending in army repression.
Pathet Lao
Pathet Lao: Lao communist political and military movement founded in 1949 by Prince Souphanouvong with Viet Minh and DRV backing; regrouped in Phong Saly and Sam Neua after Geneva 1954; took power in December 1975, founding the Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Pattimura rebellion
The Pattimura rebellion was an 1817 armed uprising against the restoration of Dutch colonial rule in the Moluccas, led by Thomas Matulessy, known as Kapitan Pattimura, beginning on Saparua in May 1817.
Paul Blobel
Paul Blobel (1894–1951), German SS-Standartenführer and SD officer, commanded Sonderkommando 4a of Einsatzgruppe C in Ukraine, took part in the Babi Yar massacre, directed Aktion 1005 grave erasure, and was hanged after the Einsatzgruppen Trial.
Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck
Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck (1870-1964), the 'Lion of Africa', commanded the German Schutztruppe in East Africa in World War I, fought Tanga, Mahiwa and a guerrilla campaign, surrendered at Abercorn in November 1918, then led Freikorps troops, backed the Kapp Putsch, and became colonial revisionism's leading figure.
Paulista Revolt of 1924
The Paulista Revolt of 1924 was a tenentista military uprising that seized São Paulo on 5 July 1924 and held it under siege for 23 days.
Pavlov's House (Дом Павлова)
Pavlov's House (Дом Павлова): fortified apartment building on 9 January Square, Stalingrad, seized by Sergeant Yakov Pavlov in September 1942 and defended for 58 days by a 24–31-man multinational garrison; first building rebuilt in the city.
Pavoloch massacre
Pavoloch massacre: Nazi shooting of the Jews of Pavoloch (Паволочь), Zhytomyr district, Ukraine, on September 5, 1941 near the Polish cemetery, with a second action May 1, 1942; victim estimates range from about 200 to 1,500.
Peace efforts during the Iran–Iraq War
Peace efforts during the Iran–Iraq War: UN mediation from Resolution 479 (1980) through Resolution 598 (1987), failed OIC and Non-Aligned missions, the 20 August 1988 ceasefire, and the UNIIMOG observer mission.
Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Peace negotiations in Russia's invasion of Ukraine: diplomatic efforts since February 2022, from the Belarus and Istanbul talks and the 2022 neutrality drafts through Trump's 28-point plan and the 2026 diesel-deal ceasefire dispute.
Peace of Szatmár
The Peace of Szatmár, or szatmári béke, was the 1711 agreement signed at Nagykároly by Sándor Károlyi and János Pálffy that ended Rákóczi's War of Independence against Habsburg rule.