5,963 articles
Pearl Harbor advance-knowledge conspiracy theory
Pearl Harbor advance-knowledge conspiracy theory: claim that FDR knew of Japan's December 7, 1941 attack and let it happen to enter World War II; rejected by official investigations and historians.
Pecheneg invasion of the Byzantine Empire
The Pecheneg invasion of the Byzantine Empire was a series of Turkic nomad raids and migrations into the Byzantine Balkans, crushed at Levounion in 1091.
Pecheneg–Magyar war
The Pecheneg–Magyar war was a late 9th-century conflict in which Pechenegs allied with the Bulgarians drove the Magyars out of Etelköz, setting off the Hungarian Conquest of the Carpathian Basin.
Pedro Bohórquez uprising
The Pedro Bohórquez uprising was the last of the Calchaquí wars, a 1656 to 1660s indigenous rising in Argentina's Calchaquí Valleys led by a Spaniard posing as an Inca heir.
Penlee lifeboat disaster
Penlee lifeboat disaster: loss of RNLI lifeboat Solomon Browne and all eight crew, 19 December 1981, rescuing the coaster Union Star off Cornwall; 16 died, hurricane force 12, coxswain Trevelyan Richards received the Gold Medal.
People's Crusade
The People's Crusade, or Peasants' Crusade, was the ill-fated first wave of the First Crusade in 1096, led by Peter the Hermit and Walter the Penniless, marked by Rhineland Jewish massacres and annihilated by Kilij Arslan's Seljuks at Civetot on 21 October 1096.
People's Volunteer Army (中国人民志愿军)
People's Volunteer Army (中国人民志愿军, Chinese People's Volunteers, CPV/PVA): the force under which China fought in the Korean War, formed 8 October 1950 from the Northeast Border Defense Army, commanded by Peng Dehuai, entering Korea 19 October 1950 until the 1953 armistice.
Perak War
The Perak War (1875 to 1876) was an armed conflict between British forces and Malay leaders in Perak, triggered by the assassination of British Resident J.W.W. Birch.
Permesta rebellion
Permesta (Perjuangan Semesta) rebellion: regional movement proclaimed 2 March 1957 in Makassar by Lt. Col. Ventje Sumual, allied with PRRI from 1958, CIA-backed, defeated by Indonesian government forces; ended with Sumual's surrender 20 October 1961.
Pernambucan Revolution
The Pernambucan Revolution (Revolução Pernambucana) was a republican revolt that broke out in Recife in March 1817, overthrew Portuguese authorities, and held power for 75 days.
Persecution of Hindus
Persecution of Hindus: violence, blasphemy-accusation mobs, forced conversions, and land expropriation against Hindu minorities, chiefly in Bangladesh (post-2024 surge) and Pakistan (blasphemy laws, forced conversion), with related Kashmir attacks and retaliatory violence in India.
Persecution of Shias by the Islamic State
The persecution of Shias by the Islamic State was the systematic killing of Shia Muslims in Iraq and Syria. In 2024, the UN concluded it was a genocidal policy.
Personal life of Osama bin Laden
Personal life of Osama bin Laden: family background in the Saudi bin Laden construction dynasty, his marriages including Najwa Ghanem, Khairiah, and Amal, his children Omar and Hamza, exile households in Sudan and Afghanistan, and the family's fate after the 2011 Abbottabad raid.
Peruvian Civil War of 1834
The Peruvian Civil War of 1834, also known as the revolución de Bermúdez, was Peru's first civil war, fought between President Orbegoso and rebels loyal to Agustín Gamarra.
Peruvian Civil War of 1843–1844
The Peruvian Civil War of 1843–1844, or constitutional revolution, was an armed conflict in which generals Ramón Castilla and Domingo Nieto overthrew Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco.
Peruvian Civil War of 1856–1858
The Peruvian Civil War of 1856–1858, also known as the Revolution of Arequipa, was fought between General Ramón Castilla's liberal government and General Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco's conservative rebels.
Peruvian Civil War of 1865
The Peruvian Civil War of 1865 was an uprising led by Colonel Mariano Ignacio Prado that overthrew President Juan Antonio Pezet over his treaty with Spain.
Peruvian Civil War of 1867–1868
The Peruvian Civil War of 1867–1868, also called the Revolution of 1867, saw revolutionaries under Pedro Diez Canseco and José Balta overthrow President Prado and restore the Constitution of 1860.
Peruvian Civil War of 1874
The Peruvian Civil War of 1874 was Nicolás de Piérola's failed rebellion against President Manuel Pardo, launched from Chile aboard the ship El Talismán and defeated before year's end.
Peruvian Civil War of 1884–1885
The Peruvian Civil War of 1884–1885 was an armed conflict between President Miguel Iglesias and Andrés Avelino Cáceres, fought after the War of the Pacific.
Peruvian Civil War of 1895
The Peruvian Civil War of 1895, also known as the Civil Revolution of 1894–1895, was an uprising against Cáceres's government led by Nicolás de Piérola, who regained the presidency.
Peruvian slave raids in Polynesia
The Peruvian slave raids in Polynesia were kidnappings by ships from Callao, Peru, in 1862 and 1863 that seized several thousand Pacific Islanders for plantation and guano labor.
Peruvian War of Independence
Peruvian War of Independence (1811–1825): royalist stronghold of Spanish South America; San Martín's 1820 expedition, Lima's 1821 declaration, Bolívar, Junín, and Ayacucho under Sucre ended Spanish rule.
Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1828
The Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1828, or first Peruvian invasion, was a military intervention in which General Agustín Gamarra's Peruvian army entered Bolivia, forcing President Sucre's resignation.
Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1841–1842
The Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1841–1842 was an armed conflict in which Peruvian president Agustín Gamarra invaded Bolivia to annex it and was defeated at Ingavi in 1841.
Pescadores Campaign
The Pescadores Campaign (澎湖之役) was a Japanese amphibious operation of the First Sino-Japanese War that seized the Penghu Islands from the Qing Empire in three days in March 1895.
Petar Dobrnjac
Petar Dobrnjac (Петар Добрњац), born Petar Todorović, was a voivode of the First Serbian Uprising, victorious at Ivankovac in 1805 and expelled by Karađorđe in 1811.
Peter Farquhar
Peter Farquhar (1946-2015), Scottish-born English teacher and University of Buckingham lecturer, murdered in Maids Moreton, Buckinghamshire, by Benjamin Field; Field's 2019 murder conviction was quashed in 2026.
Petersen House
The Petersen House at 516 10th Street NW, Washington, D.C., is the 1849 boarding house of William and Anna Petersen where Abraham Lincoln died at 7:22 a.m. on April 15, 1865, after being shot at Ford's Theatre; now an NPS museum.
Petit-Clamart attack
Petit-Clamart attack (Opération Charlotte Corday): failed OAS assassination attempt on President Charles de Gaulle, 22 August 1962, near Paris; 187 shots missed; Bastien-Thiry executed in 1963.