5,963 articles
Responsibility for the September 11 attacks
Responsibility for the September 11 attacks lies with al Qaeda under Osama bin Laden, with Khalid Sheikh Mohammed as planning chief. Key facts: 19 al Qaeda hijackers, $400,000-$500,000 cost, no confirmed foreign-government funding, contested Saudi support claims.
Revolt of Ali ben Khalifa
The Revolt of Ali ben Khalifa was an 1881 tribal uprising against the French occupation of Tunisia, led by Ali ben Khalifa, chief of the Neffat tribe.
Revolt of Eset Kotibaruly
The Revolt of Eset Kotibaruly (Есет Көтібарұлы) was a Kazakh uprising of the Junior Zhuz against Russian imperial rule in western Kazakhstan, led from 1847 to 1858.
Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan
The Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan (Răscoala lui Horea, Cloșca și Crișan) was a peasant uprising of Romanian serfs in Transylvania that began on 31 October 1784.
Revolt of Oruro
The Revolt of Oruro was a 1781 uprising in Oruro, Upper Peru, where creoles and mestizos rose against peninsular Spaniards during the Great Andean Uprising.
Revolt of the Admirals
The Revolt of the Admirals was the 1949 public clash in which US Navy officers, led by Denfeld, Radford, and Burke, attacked Defense Secretary Louis Johnson, the B-36 bomber, and the canceled supercarrier United States before Congress, ending with Denfeld's removal.
Revolt of the Three Feudatories
The Revolt of the Three Feudatories (三藩之亂) was an eight-year rebellion, 1673–1681, of Wu Sangui, Geng Jingzhong, and Shang Zhixin against the Kangxi emperor's abolition of their southern domains.
Revolt of the Tunisian militia (1675)
The revolt of the Tunisian militia of 1675 was a succession crisis in Ottoman Tunisia that opened two decades of civil war among the Mouradid beys.
Revolution of 1880
The Revolution of 1880 (Revolución de 1880) was an armed conflict fought in Buenos Aires in 1880 between provincial forces under Carlos Tejedor and President Nicolás Avellaneda's national government.
Revolution of 1904
The Revolution of 1904 was the last major civil war in Uruguay, fought between Aparicio Saravia's Blanco rebels and President José Batlle y Ordóñez's Colorado government.
Revolution of the King and the People
The Revolution of the King and the People (ثورة الملك والشعب) names the Moroccan resistance after Sultan Mohammed V's 1953 exile, which ended the French protectorate in 1956.
Revolution of the Park
The Revolution of the Park (Revolución del Parque) was a failed 1890 insurrection in Buenos Aires whose political pressure forced President Juárez Celman to resign.
Revolutionary movement for Indian independence
Revolutionary movement for Indian independence: the armed strand of India's anticolonial struggle, from Bengal and Maharashtra secret societies to the Ghadar Party abroad and Bhagat Singh, catalyzing rather than directly causing 1947 independence.
Revolutions of 1848
Revolutions of 1848, also called the Springtime of Nations (Völkerfrühling): a Europe-wide wave of liberal, nationalist, and worker uprisings from January 1848 to 1849, sparked by crop failures and opposition to the post-1815 conservative order; most failed by 1849 but left lasting social and nationalist legacies.
Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire
The Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire were liberal and nationalist uprisings against Habsburg rule, centered on Vienna, Prague, and Budapest, and suppressed by the imperial army by 1849.
Revolutions of 1917–1923
Revolutions of 1917–1923: post-World War I revolutionary wave from the Russian February and October revolutions through the Comintern's failed Soviet republics in Germany and Hungary, the 1920 Polish campaign, and the German October of 1923, ending with varied revolutionary and counter-revolutionary outcomes across Europe.
Revolutions of 1989
The Revolutions of 1989: the collapse of communist regimes across Central and Eastern Europe, from Poland's Round Table to the Berlin Wall's fall, the Velvet Revolution, and Romania's violent exception.
Rheinwiesenlager
The Rheinwiesenlager (Rhine meadow camps), officially Prisoner of War Temporary Enclosures, were American camps along the Rhine holding over a million German prisoners in 1945.
Rhodesian Bush War
Rhodesian Bush War, or Second Chimurenga, the 1965-1980 conflict between Ian Smith's white minority Rhodesian government and ZANU/ZAPU guerrillas, ending via the 1979 Lancaster House Agreement with majority-ruled Zimbabwe.
Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York
Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York (1473–1483?), second son of Edward IV and younger Prince in the Tower, disappeared in the Tower of London in summer 1483 under his uncle Richard III; fate unproven.
Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York
Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York (1411-1460), also Richard Plantagenet, was the richest English magnate, Protector under Henry VI, and Yorkist claimant killed at Wakefield, father of Edward IV.
Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)
Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018), codename Operation Damascus Steel, a Syrian Arab Army campaign that recaptured the rebel-held Eastern Ghouta enclave near Damascus, ending a siege begun in 2013, with massive civilian deaths and a Douma chemical attack on 7 April 2018.
Rif uprising of 1958–1959
The Rif uprising of 1958–1959 was a revolt in Morocco's Rif mountains against the post-independence central government, crushed by the army and aerial bombardment with thousands killed.
Rif War
Rif War (Guerra del Rif), 1921-1926: colonial war in northern Morocco between Spain, later joined by France, and Riffian tribes under Abd el-Krim's Republic of the Rif, marked by the Annual defeat, the Alhucemas landing, and documented use of chemical weapons.
RIMPAC
RIMPAC (Rim of the Pacific) is the world's largest biennial international maritime exercise, U.S. Navy-led in and around Hawaii since 1971; the 30th iteration in 2026 gathered about 30 nations, 30,000 personnel, and tested unmanned systems and sinking exercises. China was disinvited in 2018.
Riot
A riot is a violent public disturbance in which three or more people act together for a common purpose through violence or terror, disturbing the peace; the term itself is politically disputed.
Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik
Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, husband and wife, carried out the December 2, 2015 San Bernardino terrorist attack at the Inland Regional Center, killing 14; both died in a police shootout, and the FBI found no ISIS contact.
Robert Bales
Robert Bales, former U.S. Army staff sergeant (also known for the Kandahar or Panjwai massacre), murdered 16 Afghan civilians in Kandahar on March 11, 2012, pleaded guilty in 2013, and is serving life without parole at Fort Leavenworth.
Robert F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories
Robert F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories dispute that Sirhan Sirhan acted alone in the June 1968 Los Angeles shooting, citing claims of 13 shots, a second gun, security guard Thane Cesar, and acoustic evidence, despite official findings.
Robert Gould Shaw
Robert Gould Shaw (1837-1863) was the Union colonel of the 54th Massachusetts, one of the first Black Civil War regiments; wounded at Antietam, he was killed leading the July 18, 1863 assault on Fort Wagner and buried with his men.