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Austrian Civil War
The Austrian Civil War (Österreichischer Bürgerkrieg), or February Uprising, was a four-day armed conflict of February 1934 between the socialist Schutzbund and Austrian government forces.
Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878
Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1878 (Okkupation Bosniens): Habsburg occupation under the Treaty of Berlin, resisted by Muslim and Serb insurgents under Hadži Lojo; Sarajevo fell 19 August 1878.
Austro-Hungarian mobilizations during the Balkan Wars
The Austro-Hungarian mobilizations during the Balkan Wars were two precautionary army call-ups in 1912 and 1913 that brought about 550,000 men into uniform without war.
Autumn Uprising of 1946
The Autumn Uprising of 1946 (10월 항쟁), also called the October People's Uprising, was a large-scale popular uprising that began in Daegu, Korea, when police fired on striking workers on 1 October 1946.
Avdiivka
Avdiivka (Авдіївка) is a Donetsk Oblast industrial city 10 km from Donetsk, pre-war population 35,000. Captured and retaken in 2014, it stayed a frontline town until Russia captured it on 17 February 2024 after a five-month battle.
Axis leaders of World War II
Axis leaders of World War II: Adolf Hitler (Germany), Benito Mussolini (Italy), and Emperor Hirohito with PM Hideki Tojo (Japan), heads of the Tripartite Pact alliance of 1940, plus leaders of Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, and Croatia.
Axis occupation of Greece
Axis occupation of Greece (1941–1944): tripartite German, Italian, and Bulgarian occupation after the April 1941 invasion, marked by famine, economic exploitation, the Holocaust in Greece, resistance, and the October 1944 German withdrawal.
Axis powers
The Axis powers were the World War II coalition of Germany, Italy, and Japan (Achsenmächte, 樹軍国), formalized by the 1940 Tripartite Pact after the 1936 Anti-Comintern Pact and Rome–Berlin Axis; joined by Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, and Croatia, defeated in 1945.
Azad Hind (आज़ाद हिन्द)
Azad Hind (आज़ाद हिन्द), the Provisional Government of Free India, was a Japanese-backed government-in-exile set up by Subhas Chandra Bose in Singapore on 21 October 1943, with the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) as its army, fighting Britain in Burma before its 1945 defeat and Red Fort trials.
Azawad
Azawad is the name for northern Mali claimed by Tuareg separatists; the MNLA declared it independent on 6 April 2012 over Gao, Kidal, and Timbuktu, but no state recognized it, and the FLA now leads the insurgency.
Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243
Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243 (J2-8243), an Embraer 190 (4K-AZ65) flying Baku–Grozny, crashed near Aktau, Kazakhstan on 25 December 2024 after suspected Pantsir-S shrapnel damage; 38 of 67 aboard died.
Azov campaigns (1695–1696)
Azov campaigns (1695–1696), also called Azov-Dnieper campaigns: Peter I of Russia's two operations against the Ottoman fortress of Azov during the Russo-Turkish War 1686–1700; the 1695 siege failed, the 1696 fleet blockade took the fortress.
Aztec conquest of Cuetlaxtlan
The Aztec conquest of Cuetlaxtlan was the Aztec takeover by force of Cuetlaxtlan, near modern Cotaxtla in Veracruz, Mexico, a tributary province remembered for supplying deer skins.
Aztec conquest of Huexotzinco
The Aztec conquest of Huexotzinco was the incorporation, around 1512, of the Puebla lordship of Huexotzinco into the Aztec tribute sphere, an agreement that broke by 1518, and in 1519 Huexotzinco allied with Cortés against Tenochtitlan.
Aztec conquest of the Totonac region
The Aztec conquest of the Totonac region brought Totonacapan, on Mexico's Gulf coast in modern Veracruz, into the Aztec Triple Alliance's tribute system before its 1519 breakaway.
Aztec conquest of Tochtepec
The Aztec conquest of Tochtepec was the incorporation of the Gulf Coast province of Tochtepec, in southern Veracruz and northern Oaxaca, into the Aztec tribute system in the 1450s.
Aztec warfare
Aztec warfare, the military system of the Mexica and their Triple Alliance (Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, Tlacopan), combined conquest for tribute and territory with ritual campaigns (xochiyaoyotl) to take captives for sacrifice, ending with Tenochtitlan's fall in 1521.
Aztec-Huexotzingo wars
The Aztec-Huexotzingo wars were intermittent conflicts between the Aztec Triple Alliance and Huexotzinco, a major city-state in the Puebla valley, from the mid-1450s until 1519.
Aztec-Tlaxcalan wars
The Aztec-Tlaxcalan wars were protracted conflicts between the Aztec Triple Alliance and the independent confederacy of Tlaxcala, fought from the mid-1400s to 1519 and ending in Tlaxcala's alliance with Cortés.
Babbar Khalsa
Babbar Khalsa (Babbar Khalsa International, BKI) is a Sikh separatist militant group founded after the 1978 Amritsar Nirankari clash, responsible for the 1985 Air India Flight 182 bombing that killed 329, and proscribed in India, Canada, the UK, and elsewhere.
Babi Yar (Бабин Яр)
Babi Yar (Бабин Яр, Babyn Yar) is a Kyiv ravine where Nazis shot 33,771 Jews on 29–30 September 1941 and about 100,000 victims total by 1943; a site of Soviet silencing and contested memorialization.
Babington Plot
The Babington Plot (1586) was a Catholic conspiracy to assassinate Elizabeth I and crown Mary, Queen of Scots. Walsingham's codebreaker Thomas Phelippes deciphered and forged their ciphered letters, leading to Babington's execution and Mary's beheading.
Badge Man
Badge Man is an alleged figure seen in Mary Moorman's 1963 Dealey Plaza Polaroid behind the grassy knoll fence, named by Gary Mack and Jack White; photogrammetric studies by Crawley and Myers concluded it was not a feasible human shooter position.
Baguazo
The Baguazo was a violent 2009 confrontation between Peruvian police and indigenous protesters in the Amazonas region of northern Peru, leaving 33 dead and about 200 injured.
Bahrain in the 2026 Iran war
Bahrain in the 2026 Iran war: the Gulf island kingdom, host of the US Fifth Fleet, as a front-line state after Iran's February 28, 2026 strikes on Naval Support Activity Bahrain, covering attacks, economic damage, crackdowns, and diplomacy.
Baixa de Cassanje revolt
The Baixa de Cassanje revolt, also called Maria's War, was a January 1961 uprising by cotton-growing peasants in northern Angola against the compulsory cotton regime of Cotonang.
Bakassi conflict
The Bakassi conflict was a territorial dispute between Nigeria and Cameroon over the Bakassi Peninsula, settled after a 2002 International Court of Justice ruling awarded sovereignty to Cameroon.
Bakhtrioni Uprising
The Bakhtrioni Uprising (ბახტრიონის აჯანყება) was a 1659 revolt by the population of Kakheti, eastern Georgia, against Safavid Iranian rule, best remembered for storming Bakhtrioni Fortress, where the Persian Qizilbash force was stationed.
Balaiada
The Balaiada, also known as the Guerra dos Bem-te-vis, was a popular rebellion in Maranhão, Brazil, spreading into Piauí and parts of Ceará, from 1838 to 1841, at the end of the Regency period.
Balcombe Street siege
Six-day December 1975 London hostage siege in which four Provisional IRA men (O'Connell, Butler, Duggan, Doherty) held a couple at 22b Balcombe Street, Marylebone, after a chase following a shooting at Scott's restaurant, and surrendered unharmed.