5,963 articles
Baldwin I of Jerusalem
Baldwin I of Jerusalem (ca. 1058–1118), Baldwin of Boulogne, brother of Godfrey of Bouillon, was count of Edessa 1098–1100 and first Latin king of Jerusalem 1100–1118, crowned in Bethlehem on Christmas Day 1100, winning three battles of Ramla and dying on an Egyptian raid.
Baldwin II of Jerusalem
Baldwin II of Jerusalem (Baldwin of Bourcq, d. 21 August 1131), count of Edessa 1100–1118 and second Latin king of Jerusalem 1118–1131; captured 1123, took Tyre 1124 with Venetian aid, founded the Templars, and left the throne to Melisende and Fulk V of Anjou.
Baldwin IV of Jerusalem
Baldwin IV of Jerusalem, called the Leper King, was king of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1174 until his death in 1185, leading its armies against Saladin despite leprosy.
Bale revolt
The Bale revolt was an armed uprising by mostly Muslim Arsi Oromo in Bale province, southeastern Ethiopia, against Haile Selassie's government from 1963 to 1970, led by Waqo Gutu.
Balibo Five
Balibo Five: Shackleton, Stewart, Rennie, Peters, Cunningham, Australia-based TV journalists killed 16 October 1975 at Balibo, East Timor, during Indonesian incursions; 2007 coroner found deliberate killing, war crime; no one charged.
Balikatan
Balikatan, meaning "shoulder-to-shoulder" in Tagalog, is the largest annual military exercise between the United States and the Philippines, held since 1981 and expanded by 2026 to include five more nations.
Balkan campaign (World War II)
The Balkan campaign of World War II was the Axis conquest of Yugoslavia and Greece in April and May 1941, ending with the capture of Crete.
Balkan Wars
The Balkan Wars of 1912-1913: two conflicts in which the Balkan League (Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro) expelled the Ottoman Empire from most of Europe, then fought the Second Balkan War over the spoils, ending with the Treaty of Bucharest.
Balli Kombëtar
Balli Kombëtar, Albanian for "National Front," was an Albanian nationalist, anticommunist resistance movement and political organization founded in November 1942 under Italian occupation and led by Mid'hat bey Frashëri.
Ballymurphy massacre
Ballymurphy massacre: killing of ten unarmed civilians by British soldiers in west Belfast, 9-11 August 1971, at the start of internment (Operation Demetrius); 2021 inquest ruled all victims innocent and the force unjustified.
Baltimore riot of 1861
The Baltimore riot of 1861, also known as the Pratt Street Riot, was a street battle in Baltimore in April 1861 that caused the first fatalities of the Civil War.
Banana Massacre
The Banana Massacre (Masacre de las Bananeras): killing of United Fruit Company strikers by the Colombian Army under General Carlos Cortés Vargas in Ciénaga, Magdalena, on 6 December 1928, after a strike of over three weeks; death toll disputed, memorialized in One Hundred Years of Solitude.
Band of Brothers (book)
Band of Brothers (1992) is Stephen E. Ambrose's oral-history account of Easy Company, 506th PIR, 101st Airborne, from Normandy to Berchtesgaden, based on interviews begun at a 1988 New Orleans reunion and the basis of HBO's 2001 miniseries.
Bandung Sea of Fire
Bandung Sea of Fire (Indonesian: Bandung Lautan Api) was the deliberate burning of southern Bandung, West Java, by Indonesian troops and civilians on 23 and 24 March 1946.
Bangladesh genocide
Bangladesh genocide: mass killings, rape, and displacement by the Pakistani army and its Razakar, Al-Badr, and Al-Shams collaborators in 1971, beginning with Operation Searchlight in Dhaka on 25 March; death toll claims range up to three million.
Bangladesh Liberation War (বাংলাদেশের মুক্তিযুদ্ধ)
Bangladesh Liberation War (বাংলাদেশের মুক্তিযুদ্ধ), the 1971 war of independence from Pakistan, from Operation Searchlight on 25 March to the Pakistani surrender on 16 December, with Mukti Bahini, 10 million refugees, and contested death tolls.
Banibangou attack
The Banibangou attack was a June 2026 assault by Islamic State Sahel Province fighters on a Nigerien military base in western Niger, killing at least 34 soldiers.
Banjarmasin War
The Banjarmasin War (Perang Banjar, also Perang Banjar-Barito) was a war in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, where the Banjar sultanate resisted Dutch colonial rule from 1859 until 1863.
Bannock War
The Bannock War was an 1878 armed conflict between the Bannock people, joined by Shoshone and Paiute allies, and the United States Army across southern Idaho and eastern Oregon.
Banzai charge
Banzai charge (バンザイ突撃): Allied term for massed Japanese WWII infantry assaults shouting 'Tenno heika banzai'; Japanese called them gyokusai attacks. Founding episode Attu 1943; largest at Saipan 1944; no recorded successes.
Baptist War
The Baptist War (Christmas Rebellion, Sam Sharpe Rebellion) was Jamaica's 1831–32 slave uprising, begun as a general strike by Baptist deacon Samuel Sharpe, involving perhaps sixty thousand enslaved people, suppressed by January 1832, and catalyzing the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833.
Bar Kokhba Revolt
The Bar Kokhba Revolt (132–135 CE), also called the Second Jewish Revolt, was the last major Jewish uprising against Roman rule in Palestine, led by Shimon ben Kosiba.
Bar Lev Line (קו בר לב)
Bar Lev Line (קו בר לב), Israeli fortification line along the Suez Canal built from December 1968, named for Chief of Staff Haim Bar-Lev; about 160 km with roughly 30 maozim strongpoints behind a 20-meter sand rampart, collapsed on 6 October 1973 except Budapest.
Bărăgan deportations
The Bărăgan deportations (Deportările în Bărăgan) were a forced displacement by Romania's communist regime in June 1951, moving roughly 40,000 people from the Banat border region to the Bărăgan Plain.
Barbary Wars
Barbary Wars: two U.S. conflicts, against Tripoli (1801–1805) and Algiers (1815–1816), fought to end North African corsair piracy, tribute, and ransom of American merchant ships.
Bardo National Museum attack
The Bardo National Museum attack (هجوم متحف باردو) was a 2015 terrorist attack in Tunis in which two gunmen killed 22 people, mostly foreign tourists.
Bardoli Satyagraha (બારડોલી સત્યાગ્રહ)
Bardoli Satyagraha (બારડોલી સત્યાગ્રહ), also called the Bardoli no-tax campaign, was a 1928 peasant tax revolt in Bardoli taluka, Surat district, Gujarat, led by Vallabhbhai Patel against a land revenue enhancement; it succeeded and earned Patel the title Sardar.
Baruch Goldstein (ברוך גולדשטיין)
Baruch Goldstein (ברוך גולדשטיין), American-born Israeli physician and Kach activist, shot dead 29 Muslim worshippers and wounded 125 at Hebron's Ibrahimi Mosque on 25 February 1994; the Shamgar Commission found he acted alone.
Bashkir uprising (1662–1664)
The Bashkir uprising of 1662–1664 (Bashkir: Башҡорт ихтилалы) was one of the first large Bashkir rebellions against Muscovite rule, driven by land seizures, Kalmyk encroachment, and fiscal oppression; it ended in 1664 with promised government concessions.
Basuto Gun War
The Basuto Gun War, or War of the Guns, was the 1880–1881 conflict in which the Basotho of Basutoland resisted the Cape Colony's disarmament attempt.