98 articles
Adolf Heusinger
Adolf Heusinger (1897–1982), German general; Wehrmacht OKH operations chief 1940–44, wounded in the 20 July 1944 Hitler plot; first Generalinspekteur of the Bundeswehr 1957 and NATO Military Committee chairman 1961–64.
Alexander von Falkenhausen
Alexander von Falkenhausen (1878-1966), German general, adviser to Chiang Kai-shek 1934-1938, and military governor of occupied Belgium and northern France 1940-1944; linked to the 20 July 1944 plot, tried in Brussels in 1951, sentenced to 12 years, released within weeks.
Alexander von Kluck
Alexander von Kluck (1846–1934), Prussian Generaloberst and commander of the German 1st Army in 1914, led the Schlieffen Plan's right wing through Belgium and France and was blamed by many for the Marne defeat.
Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz
Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz (1787–1862) was an Austrian field marshal best known for suppressing the 1848 revolutions in Prague and Vienna and leading the campaign in Hungary.
Alfred von Waldersee
Alfred Graf von Waldersee (1832–1904), German field marshal, Chief of the General Staff 1888–91 after Moltke, dismissed under Wilhelm II, and commander of the allied Boxer expedition in China 1900–01.
András Hadik
András Hadik (1710–1790) was a Hungarian field marshal in Habsburg service, best known for his 1757 raid that seized and ransomed Berlin during the Seven Years' War, and later President of the Vienna Hofkriegsrat.
Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen (Erzherzog Karl) was an Austrian field marshal, brother of Emperor Francis, who defeated Napoleon at Aspern-Essling in 1809 before losing at Wagram.
August von Mackensen
August von Mackensen (1849-1945), Prussian Generalfeldmarschall and WWI commander, broke the Russian front at Gorlice-Tarnow 1915, led Serbia and Romania campaigns; last WWI field marshal, the Last Hussar.
Carl von Clausewitz
Carl von Clausewitz, full name Carl Philipp Gottfried von Clausewitz (1780–1831), was a Prussian major-general and military theorist whose treatise On War, published posthumously in 1832, shaped strategic thought.
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
Carl-Heinrich Rudolf Wilhelm von Stülpnagel (1886–1944), German general of infantry, 17th Army commander in the 1941 USSR invasion, Military Commander in occupied France 1942–1944, and executed 20 July 1944 plotter against Hitler.
Carsten Breuer
Carsten Breuer (born 1964) is a German general, Inspector General of the Bundeswehr since March 2023, former head of the Corona crisis staff and first commander of the Territoriales Führungskommando, elected 2026 as next NATO Military Committee chair.
Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick (Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, 1735–1806), ruler of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1780, Prussian field marshal, author of the 1792 Brunswick Manifesto; defeated at Valmy and mortally wounded at Auerstädt in 1806.
Christian Freuding
Christian Freuding (born 1971, Weiden in der Oberpfalz) is a German Army lieutenant general and the 22nd Inspekteur des Heeres since 1 October 2025, leading about 63,000 soldiers from Strausberg; formerly head of the Defense Ministry's Ukraine staff and Planning and Command Staff.
Claus von Stauffenberg
Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (1907–1944), German colonel and aristocrat who led the 20 July 1944 Hitler assassination plot (Operation Valkyrie), was wounded in Tunisia in 1943, and was executed in the Bendlerblock courtyard.
Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz
Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz (Goltz Paşa), Prussian field marshal and military writer (1843-1916), author of Das Volk in Waffen (The Nation in Arms), reorganizer of the Ottoman army 1883-1896, and commander of Ottoman forces at the siege of Kut in Mesopotamia, where he died in 1916.
Dietrich von Choltitz
Dietrich Hugo Hermann von Choltitz (1894–1966), German general of infantry and last Wehrmacht commander of Paris, surrendered the city to Leclerc on 25 August 1944 without executing Hitler's destruction order; his 'savior of Paris' reputation is now heavily revised.
Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli
Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli, also known as Baron Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli, was an Austro-Hungarian field marshal who led the 2nd Army on the Eastern Front during World War I.
Erich Ludendorff
Erich Ludendorff (1865–1937), German general and Erster Generalquartiermeister of the Third OHL, Tannenberg co-victor, de facto leader of Germany's 'silent dictatorship' 1916–18, later Kapp and Munich putsch figure and author of Der totale Krieg.
Erich von Manstein
Erich von Manstein (Fritz Erich von Lewinski, 1887–1973), German field marshal, planner of the 1940 Sichelschnitt Ardennes thrust, commander of 11th Army and Army Group South, convicted war criminal, and leading postwar promoter of the clean Wehrmacht myth through his memoir Lost Victories.
Ernő Poeltenberg
Ernő Poeltenberg (Ernst Poelt, Ritter von Poeltenberg) was an Austrian-born cavalry officer who became a Hungarian general and was hanged at Arad on 6 October 1849.
Ernst Gideon von Laudon
Ernst Gideon von Laudon was an Austrian field marshal of Livonian birth who fought Frederick the Great in the Seven Years' War and captured Belgrade in 1789.
Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg
Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg (1638–1701) was an Austrian imperial field marshal best known for commanding the defense of Vienna against the Ottoman siege of 1683.
Erwin Rommel
Erwin Rommel (1891-1944), the "Desert Fox," German field marshal of the Afrika Korps in North Africa and Army Group B in Normandy; forced to commit suicide after the July 20, 1944 plot; subject of a contested chivalry myth.
Erwin von Witzleben
Erwin von Witzleben (Job Wilhelm Georg Erdmann Erwin von Witzleben), German field marshal (1881-1944), Commander in Chief West, highest-ranking officer executed after the failed 20 July 1944 Hitler assassination plot.
Fedor von Bock
Fedor von Bock (1880–1945), German Generalfeldmarschall; commanded Army Group North in Poland, Army Group B in France 1940, Army Group Center at Moscow 1941, and Army Group South 1942; twice dismissed by Hitler; died in a British air attack in May 1945.
Felix Steiner
Felix Steiner (1896–1966), German Waffen-SS general born in Stallupönen, East Prussia; trained the SS-Verfügungstruppe on storm-battalion tactics, commanded Division Wiking and III (Germanic) SS Panzer Corps, defied Hitler's 1945 Berlin relief order, and later wrote apologist works rehabilitating the Waffen-SS.
Ferdinand Schörner
Ferdinand Schörner (Johann Ferdinand Schörner, 1892–1973) was a German field marshal, the last Heer officer promoted during the war, who commanded army groups on the Eastern Front and was named in Hitler's testament.
Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf
Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf was an Austrian field marshal and chief of the Austro-Hungarian general staff from 1906 to 1917, a leading advocate of preventive war.
Franz Halder
Franz Halder (1884–1972), German Generaloberst and Chief of the Army General Staff 1938–1942, planned the Poland, France, and Soviet campaigns; later led the US Army Historical Division and helped shape the clean Wehrmacht myth.
Franz Moritz von Lacy
Franz Moritz von Lacy (1725–1801) was an Austrian field marshal and military reformer who, as president of the Hofkriegsrat, directed the reforms of the Maria-Theresian and Josephine era.