98 articles
Friedrich Fromm
Friedrich Fromm (1888–1945), German Generaloberst, Chief of Army Armament and Commander of the Replacement Army 1939–1944. Urged peace from 1941, tolerated the 20 July 1944 plot, then had Stauffenberg and fellow conspirators shot; executed by the Nazi regime in March 1945.
Friedrich Graf von Wrangel
Friedrich Heinrich Ernst Graf von Wrangel (1784–1877), "Papa Wrangel", Prussian Generalfeldmarschall born in Stettin; suppressed the 1848 Berlin revolution, commanded Confederation troops against Denmark in 1848 and 1864, became count in 1864.
Friedrich Olbricht
Friedrich Olbricht (1888–1944), German General der Infanterie and head of the Allgemeines Heeresamt, reworked Operation Valkyrie into a coup plan, triggered it on July 20, 1944, and was shot that night in the Bendlerblock courtyard.
Friedrich Paulus
Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Paulus (1890–1957), German field marshal, commanded the Sixth Army at Stalingrad, surrendered 31 January 1943, later joined the National Committee for a Free Germany and testified at Nuremberg.
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben (1730-1794), Baron von Steuben, Prussian officer and Continental Army inspector general who trained American troops at Valley Forge, wrote the 1779 Blue Book drill manual, shaped the Army NCO corps, and founded the Inspector General system.
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (1742–1819), Prussian field marshal, nicknamed Marshal Forward, commanded Prussia's armies at Katzbach, Leipzig, the 1814 invasion of France, and Waterloo, where his arrival decided the battle.
Gerd von Rundstedt
Gerd von Rundstedt, born Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt, was a German field marshal who commanded German forces on the Western Front from 1942 to 1945.
Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim
Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim (1594–1632), imperial field marshal of the Thirty Years' War, commander of the 'Pappenheimer' cuirassiers, stormer of Magdeburg 1631, mortally wounded at Lützen; namesake of Schiller's proverbial phrase and the Pappenheimer helmet.
Gotthard Heinrici
Gotthard Heinrici (1886-1971) was a German Generaloberst, the Wehrmacht's leading defensive specialist, commanding the 4th Army and Army Group Vistula; his diaries, edited by Johannes Hürter, document the German war of annihilation in the Soviet Union.
Günther von Kluge
Günther von Kluge, also Hans Günther von Kluge (1882–1944), German Wehrmacht field marshal; commanded 4th Army in Poland and France, Army Group Center 1941–43, and OB West in 1944; refused the 20 July plotters and died by poison in August 1944.
Hans Krebs (Wehrmacht general)
Hans Krebs (Hans Otto Wilhelm Eugen Krebs, 1898-1945), German General of Infantry, last acting Chief of Staff of the OKH. Eastern Front staff chief, former Moscow military attache; negotiated with Chuikov on 1 May 1945, then died by suicide in Berlin.
Hans Kundt
Hans Kundt (1869–1939) was a German general who spent 25 years in Bolivian service and commanded the army in the Chaco War until the surrender of 7,500 soldiers at Campo Vía ended his command.
Hans Oster
Hans Paul Oster (9 August 1887 – 9 April 1945) was a Wehrmacht general, chief of staff in the Abwehr under Canaris, organizer of the 1938 coup plot, informer of the Dutch attaché in 1940, and executed at Flossenbürg.
Hans Speidel
Hans Speidel (1897–1984), German general: Rommel's chief of staff in Normandy, 20 July 1944 resistance participant, Bundeswehr founding figure, and first German NATO LANDCENT commander 1957–1963.
Hans von Seeckt
Hans von Seeckt (1866–1936), German colonel general, Mackensen's chief of staff in WWI, then Chef der Heeresleitung 1920–1926 who built the Versailles-limited 100,000-man Reichswehr, held executive power in 1923, and later advised Chiang Kai-shek in China.
Hasso von Manteuffel
Hasso Eccard von Manteuffel (1897–1978), German panzer general who commanded the 7th Panzer Division, Großdeutschland, and the 5th Panzer Army in the Ardennes; later FDP Bundestag deputy credited with coining "Bundeswehr".
Heinz Guderian
Heinz Guderian (1888–1954), German Generaloberst, creator of the panzer arm and author of Achtung Panzer! (1937); led the 1940 Ardennes thrust and Panzer Group 2 in Barbarossa; later Chief of the General Staff; his memoir Panzer Leader fueled the clean Wehrmacht myth.
Helmut Harff
Helmut Harff (1939–2018) was a German Bundeswehr brigadier general, nicknamed "Habicht", who led the first German UNOSOM II contingent in Somalia (1993) and German KFOR forces entering Kosovo (1999), later heading the BDI defense committee.
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder (1800–1891) was a Prussian field marshal who led the general staff for 31 years and directed the wars against Denmark, Austria, and France.
Helmuth von Moltke the Younger
Helmuth von Moltke the Younger (Moltke der Juengere), 1848-1916, German Chief of the General Staff 1906-1914, nephew of Moltke the Elder; led the 1914 invasion of France, ordered the Marne retreat, and is central to the Schlieffen Plan controversy.
Helmuth Weidling
Helmuth Weidling (1891–1955), German General der Artillerie; LVI Panzer Corps commander at Seelow Heights, then combat commander of Berlin from 24 April 1945; surrendered the city to Soviet forces on 2 May 1945 and died in Soviet captivity in Vladimir.
Henning von Tresckow
Henning von Tresckow (1901-1944) was a German Wehrmacht general major, chief of staff officer of Army Group Centre, leading organizer of the military resistance to Hitler, failed bomber of Hitler's plane in March 1943, and co-architect of the 20 July 1944 Valkyrie plot.
Hermann Balck
Hermann Balck (Georg Otto Hermann Balck) was a German panzer general in World War II, commander of the 11th Panzer Division, 4th Panzer Army, and 6th Army.
Hermann Fegelein
Hermann Fegelein (Hans Otto Georg Hermann Fegelein, 1906-1945), Waffen-SS general, commander of the SS Cavalry Brigade that murdered over 20,000 Jewish civilians in 1941, and Hitler's brother-in-law via Gretl Braun; executed for desertion in the Berlin bunker, 28 or 29 April 1945.
Hermann Hoth
Hermann Hoth (1885-1971), German Generaloberst; commanded Panzer Group 3 in Barbarossa, 17th Army, and 4th Panzer Army (Stalingrad relief, Kursk); dismissed December 1943 after Kiev fell; convicted 1948 in the Nuremberg High Command trial.
Johann von Sporck
Johann von Sporck, also spelled Spork, was a Westphalian cavalry commander who served Bavaria and the Habsburg emperor from 1620 to 1675, rising from a farming family to Imperial Count.
Johann von Werth
Johann von Werth (Jan von Werth, Jean de Werth) was a German cavalry general of the Thirty Years' War, born a farmer's son in 1591 and made an imperial count.
Johannes Blaskowitz
Johannes Blaskowitz (1883–1948), German Generaloberst, led the 8th Army in Poland 1939, protested SS atrocities in memoranda, commanded 1st Army and Army Groups G and H in the West, and died by suicide at Nuremberg.
Joseph Radetzky von Radetz
Joseph Radetzky von Radetz (Josef Václav Radecký z Radče) was a Bohemian-born Austrian field marshal who won at Custoza and Novara, restoring Austrian rule over Lombardy-Venetia.
József Alvinczi
József Alvinczi (1735–1810) was a Hungarian field marshal of the Habsburg army who led the failed Austrian attempts to relieve Napoleon's siege of Mantua in 1796–1797.