edgepedia

Anatolia, Upper Mesopotamia, and the Iranian highlands

539 articles

Kikku-Siwe-Temti

Kikku-Siwe-Temti was a king of Elam of the Awan dynasty, the seventh of twelve rulers on a king list from Susa, placed in the later 24th century BC.

Kikkuli

Kikkuli, also written Kikuli, was a Mitanni master horse trainer of about 1350 B.C. whose Hittite manual prescribes a chariot-horse conditioning program of at least 184 days.

Kikkuli text

The Kikkuli text is a Hittite manual for conditioning chariot horses, written by Kikkuli, a horse trainer from the land Mittani, preserved on clay tablets from Hattusa.

Kindattu

Kindattu was a king of the Shimashki dynasty in western Iran, best known as the captor of Ibbi-Sin, the last king of the Third Dynasty of Ur, in 2004 BC.

King of Anshan

King of Anshan was a royal title of the rulers of Elam, later borne by the early Persian kings Teispes, Cyrus I, Cambyses I, and Cyrus the Great.

Kirua

Kirua was the city ruler of Illubru in Cilicia who rebelled against the Assyrian king Sennacherib, closing the Cilician road before being flayed at Nineveh.

Kizzuwatna

Kizzuwatna was a Bronze Age kingdom in the Cilician plain of southeastern Anatolia, a buffer between the Hittites and Mittani before its absorption into the Hittite empire.

Kneeling Bull with Vessel

The Kneeling Bull with Vessel is a silver figurine of a bull with a human kneeling posture, holding a spouted vessel, from Proto-Elamite Iran around 3100–2900 BCE.

Kudur-Nahhunte (Neo-Elamite king)

Kudur-Nahhunte (Kudur-Naḫḫunte), also recorded as Kudur-Nahundu, was a king of Elam of the early Neo-Elamite period, son and successor of Hallušu-Inshushinak, who reigned only months around 693–692 BC before dying violently.

Kuduzulush I

Kuduzulush (also written Kudu-zulush or Kuduzuluš) is the name of one or two rulers of Elam's Sukkalmah dynasty, attested in the Mari letters as sukkal of Susa.

Kuk-Kirwash

Kuk-Kirwash, also written Kuk-Kirwas, was an early Elamite ruler of the sukkalmah period around the 20th century BC, known chiefly from a brick inscription excavated at Susa.

Kuk-Sanit

Kuk-Sanit, also written Kuku-sanit, was an early member of the Sukkalmah dynasty of Elam, known as the beloved son of the sukkalmah Temti-Agun around the 20th century BC.

Kuk-Shimut

Kuk-Shimut, also written Kuk-Simut, was a scribe of Elam's Shimashki period around the 20th century BC, known from a seal inscription recording that Idadu gave it to him.

Kukkunni

Kukkunni was a king of Wilusa, a Late Bronze Age kingdom in western Anatolia, who kept peaceful relations with the Hittite emperor Suppiluliuma I while neighboring Arzawa was in revolt.

Kuprlli

Kuprlli, also Kuprilli, was a Lycian dynast of Xanthos in southwestern Anatolia, active around 480 to 440 BC, known from his silver coins and the Xanthos trilingual inscription.

Kur-Ishshak

Kur-Ishshak is the conventional modern name for the third ruler of Awan in the Sumerian King List, known only from a damaged name, ca. 2500–2400 BC.

Kurash of Parsumash

Kurash of Parsumash, also rendered Cyrus of Parsumash, was a Persian ruler who sent his son Arukku with tribute to the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal about 639 BC.

Kurti of Atuna

Kurti of Atuna, also known as Kurtî, was a ruler of the small Anatolian kingdom of Atuna in Tabal, given the neighboring kingdom of Šinuḫtu by Sargon II in 718 BC.

Kurunta

Kurunta, rendered Kuruntas and Kuruntiya, was a son of the Hittite great king Muwatalli II who ruled the vassal kingdom of Tarhuntassa in southern Anatolia in the late 13th century BC.

Kutir-Nahhunte

Kutir-Nahhunte, also written Kutir-Naḫḫunte or Kudur-Nahhunte, was king of Elam of the Shutrukid dynasty, reigning about 1155 to 1150 BC. He removed the statue of Marduk from Babylon to Elam, ending the Kassite dynasty.

Labarna (title)

Labarna, also Tabarna, was a royal title borne by the kings of the Hittite Empire of Anatolia from the early 17th century BC to the empire's end.

Labarna I

Labarna I was an early Hittite king of the early seventeenth century BC, predecessor of Hattusili I, whose name became the royal title borne by later Hittite kings.

Late Bronze Age tin trade

The Late Bronze Age tin trade moved tin from Anatolia and Central Asia to the Near East, documented at Kültepe and by the Uluburun shipwreck.

Letter of Piha-walwi

The Letter of Piḫa-Walwi is a Hittite diplomatic letter of the New Kingdom period, in which the prince Piḫa-Walwi rebukes King Ibiranu of Ugarit for failing to appear before the Hittite king.

Limyra bilingual inscription

The Limyra bilingual inscription is a Greek–Aramaic funerary bilingual carved on a rock-cut tomb at Limyra in Lycia, commemorating Artimas son of Arzapiya, with the Greek added generations later.

Linear Elamite

Linear Elamite is a Bronze Age writing system used in southern Iran from about 2900 to 1900 BCE, best known from the Susa inscriptions of Puzur-Inšušinak.

Lion of Knidos

The Lion of Knidos is a colossal recumbent marble lion that crowned a tomb at Knidos in Caria, south-west Anatolia, and has stood in the British Museum since 1859.

Luh-ishan

Luh-ishan (Luḫ-iššan) was the eighth king of the Awan dynasty of Elam around 2300 BC, named among defeated opponents in Sargon of Akkad's victory inscription.

Lullubi

The Lullubi, also known as Lullubu or Lullubum, were an ancient tribal group of the Zagros foothills near Sulaymaniyah, attested from the Sargonic period into Neo-Assyrian times.

Lupakki

Lupakki is the name of several Hittite officials of the Empire period, attested in cuneiform tablets and sealings from the late 14th into the 13th century BC.