1,122 articles
Alalgar
Alalgar, also written Alaljar, is the second legendary antediluvian king of Eridu in the Sumerian King List, credited with a 36,000-year reign after Alulim; Berossus' Alaparos may correspond to him.
Ali-ahum
Ali-ahum, formerly written Alāhum, was an Old Assyrian merchant who lived and traded at Kanesh (modern Kültepe) during the 19th century BC, lending silver and trading tin and textiles.
Alliance of Hammurabi and Zimri-Lim
The alliance of Hammurabi and Zimri-Lim was the partnership between Babylon and Mari against Ešnunna and Elam, ending when Hammurabi destroyed Mari in the early 1760s BC.
Alliance of Zimri-Lim with Yamhad
The alliance of Zimri-Lim with Yamhad, sealed around 1775 BC, bound Zimri-Lim of Mari to Yarim-Lim of Aleppo through a dynastic marriage, shared worship of the god Haddu, and military support.
Alulim
Alulim, also known as Aloros in Berossus, is the legendary antediluvian first king of Eridu in the Sumerian King List, which credits him with a 28,800-year reign.
Amar-Girid
Amar-Girid was a ruler of the southern Mesopotamian city of Uruk, known as the leader of insurgents defeated by Naram-Su'en of Akkad and attested only through Naram-Su'en's victory inscription.
Amar-Sin
Amar-Sin, also read Amar-Suen or Amar-Suena, was the third king of the Third Dynasty of Ur in Mesopotamia, son and successor of Shulgi, reigning about 2046 to 2038 BC.
Amar-Sin's campaign against Huhnuri
Amar-Suen's campaign against Huhnuri was a military expedition by the Ur III king Amar-Sin against Huhnuri, a stronghold between Susa and Anshan, around 2042–2036 BC.
Amar-Sin's campaign against Urbilum
Amar-Sin's campaign against Urbilum was a military expedition by Amar-Sin, king of the Ur III dynasty, against the city of Urbilum, identified with Erbil, around 2045 BCE.
Amarna letter EA 16
Amarna letter EA 16 is a clay-tablet letter in Assyrian Akkadian from king Ashur-uballit I to the Egyptian king Akhenaten, asking much gold for a new palace and asserting Assyria's equality among the great powers.
Amat-Mamu
Amat-Mamu was a naditu priestess and scribe at Sippar in ancient Babylonia, one of eight scribes in the gagum, active for at least forty years under Hammurabi, Samsu-iluna, and Abi-eshuh.
Amel-Marduk
Amel-Marduk, also Awil-Marduk or Evil-Merodach, was the third king of the Neo-Babylonian dynasty, son of Nebuchadnezzar II, who ruled 561–560 BC and was murdered after just over two years on the throne.
Ammi-ditana
Ammi-ditana was the ninth king of Babylon's First Dynasty, reigning from 1683 to 1647 BC. His largely peaceful reign saw temple building and one campaign against Der.
Ammi-saduqa
Ammi-saduqa, also known as Ammizaduqa, was the penultimate king of Babylon's First Dynasty, reigning c. 1646–1626 BC and issuing a debt-cancellation edict whose nearly complete text survives.
Amorite language
Amorite is an extinct Northwest Semitic language spoken by the Amorites of the Syrian steppe, known almost entirely from proper names in Akkadian cuneiform texts.
Amorite migrations into Mesopotamia
The Amorite migrations into Mesopotamia were the movements of West Semitic-speaking groups, called Amurru in cuneiform texts, into Mesopotamia around the 21st and 20th centuries BC.
Amorites
Amorites (Akkadian amurru, Sumerian MAR.TU): West Semitic-speaking peoples of the Syrian steppe who dominated Syro-Mesopotamia in the early second millennium BCE, founded dynasties at Babylon, Mari, and Yamhad-Aleppo, and appear in the Hebrew Bible as pre-Israelite inhabitants of Palestine.
An = Anum
An = Anum is the longest and most comprehensive god list of ancient Mesopotamia, a Babylonian lexical series cataloging roughly 2000 deities in equational form.
Ana-Tašmētum-taklāk
Ana-Tašmētum-taklāk, also Ana-Tashmetum-taklak, was a queen of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in the late eighth and seventh centuries BC, known from seals, whose husband, proposed as Esarhaddon or Sargon II, cannot be identified with certainty.
Anam (ruler of Uruk)
Anam, also written An-am, was a ruler of the Mesopotamian city of Uruk during the Old Babylonian period, known from a dedicatory inscription, two dated tablets, and a royal hymn.
Anba
Anba is a legendary king of Mari, second ruler of the dynasty in the Sumerian King List, son of Anbu, said to have reigned 17 years.
Anbu (king of Mari)
Anbu, also known as Anbu of Mari, is the first king of the Mari dynasty in the Sumerian King List, which assigns him a reign of 30 years.
Ancient Mesopotamian religion
Ancient Mesopotamian religion, also called Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian religion, is the polytheistic temple-centered faith of ancient Iraq's peoples from the fourth to first millennia BCE, worshipping humanlike gods such as Enlil, Inanna-Ishtar, Marduk, and Ashur through cult statues, offerings, and divination.
Angim
Angim, titled An-gim dím-ma ('Created like the god An'), is a Sumerian šir-gida hymn celebrating the war god Ninurta's return from battle to his father Enlil's city, Nippur.
Annals of Tiglath-Pileser III
The Annals of Tiglath-Pileser III are the chronologically arranged royal inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria, composed for his palace at Kalhu and narrating yearly campaigns.
Ansud
Ansud, also written Ansub or Hanusu, was an Early Dynastic king of Mari on the middle Euphrates, roughly contemporary with Mesannepada of Ur and known from short excavated inscriptions.
Antakya Stele
The Antakya Stele, also known as the Tavla Stele, is a Neo-Assyrian stela of Adad-nirari III recording a border settlement between Ataršumki of Arpad and Zakkur of Hamath.
Anu ziggurat
Anu ziggurat: prehistoric temple platform at Uruk (Warka), Iraq, begun c. 4000 BCE and expanded through fourteen phases; carries the White Temple, a ~22 x 17.5 m tripartite lime-plastered shrine of the late 4th millennium BCE. Also called the Anu Ziggurat of Uruk; distinguished from later step-tower ziggurats and from the Eanna precinct.
Anubanini
Anubanini was a king of Lullubum in the Zagros mountains of western Iran around 2000 BC, known from a rock relief and Akkadian inscription at Sar-e Pol-e Zahab.
Anubanini rock relief
The Anubanini rock relief, also read Anobanini, is a victory monument at Sar-e Pol-e Zahab in western Iran, made for Anubanini, king of Lullubum, around 2000 BCE.