5,147 articles
Amytis of Media
Amytis of Media is a Median princess whom Berossus reports as the wife of Nebuchadnezzar II, married to seal the Median-Babylonian alliance after the capture of Aššur in 614 BC.
An = Anum
An = Anum is the longest and most comprehensive god list of ancient Mesopotamia, a Babylonian lexical series cataloging roughly 2000 deities in equational form.
Ana-Tašmētum-taklāk
Ana-Tašmētum-taklāk, also Ana-Tashmetum-taklak, was a queen of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in the late eighth and seventh centuries BC, known from seals, whose husband, proposed as Esarhaddon or Sargon II, cannot be identified with certainty.
Analmaye
Analmaye, also printed Analmaaye, was a king of Kush of the Napatan period who ruled c. 542–538 BC, succeeded Amaninatakilebte after Malonaqen, and was buried in pyramid Nu. 18 at Nuri.
Anam (ruler of Uruk)
Anam, also written An-am, was a ruler of the Mesopotamian city of Uruk during the Old Babylonian period, known from a dedicatory inscription, two dated tablets, and a royal hymn.
Ananiah (son of Azariah)
Ananiah, son of Azariah, also rendered Anani, was a Jewish servitor of the temple of Yahu at Elephantine in Egypt, known from his family archive of Aramaic papyri.
Ananias ben Onias
Ananias ben Onias (Hebrew Hananiya ben Honiyyahu) was a Jewish general in Ptolemaic Egypt, son of the high priest Onias IV, who dissuaded Cleopatra III from annexing Judea.
Anastasi papyri
The Anastasi papyri are nine Ramesside hieratic papyri of ancient Egypt's 19th Dynasty, written around 1200 BC and bought by the British Museum in 1839 from Giovanni Anastasi, the Swedish consul in Egypt.
Anat-her
Anat-her, also written Anat-har or Anather, is a poorly attested ruler of Egypt's Second Intermediate Period, known from a single scarab and possibly the first 16th Dynasty king.
Anatolian hieroglyphs
Anatolian hieroglyphs, also called Luwian hieroglyphs or Hieroglyphic Luwian, are a mixed logo-syllabic script used mainly for the Luwian language from about 1420 to 700 BC.
Anba
Anba is a legendary king of Mari, second ruler of the dynasty in the Sumerian King List, son of Anbu, said to have reigned 17 years.
Anbu (king of Mari)
Anbu, also known as Anbu of Mari, is the first king of the Mari dynasty in the Sumerian King List, which assigns him a reign of 30 years.
Ancient Carthage
Ancient Carthage (Qart-ḥadasht), a Phoenician city founded in the 9th century BC on the Gulf of Tunisia, ruled a western Mediterranean trade empire, fought the Punic Wars against Rome, and was destroyed in 146 BC, then rebuilt as Roman Africa's capital.
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt: Nile-valley civilization of pharaohs, unified around 3100 BC by Narmer, lasting about 3,000 years through Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms; hieroglyphic writing, pyramids at Giza and Saqqara, and gods such as Osiris and Amun-Ra.
Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul
Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul: ka, ba, and akh, with body, shadow, heart, and name, forming the multi-part Egyptian person. Distinguished from Greek body-soul dualism by Zabkar; ka fed by tomb offerings, ba as human-headed bird, akh as united effective spirit.
Ancient Egyptian deities
Ancient Egyptian deities: over 1,500 gods of Egypt's polytheistic religion, from the 4th millennium BCE to Christianity, including Amun-Re, Horus, Osiris, Isis, and Akhenaten's brief Aten monotheism.
Ancient Egyptian funerary practices
Ancient Egyptian funerary practices centered on 70-day mummification with natron, canopic jars, amulets, and coffin burial to secure the afterlife, from Hierakonpolis origins to Roman-era decline.
Ancient Egyptian race controversy
The Ancient Egyptian race controversy disputes the racial classification and origins of ancient Egyptians. Key views: modern-Egyptian continuity, Afrocentric, Eurocentric; modern scholarship treats race as anachronistic, citing genetic continuity and Mesopotamian links in the Nuwayrat genome.
Ancient Egyptian technology
Ancient Egyptian technology: Nile-valley tools and engineering from Predynastic times to 30 BCE, covering pyramid construction with ramps and lubricated blocks, irrigation, papyrus, glass, pottery, and medicine.
Ancient Mesopotamian religion
Ancient Mesopotamian religion, also called Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian religion, is the polytheistic temple-centered faith of ancient Iraq's peoples from the fourth to first millennia BCE, worshipping humanlike gods such as Enlil, Inanna-Ishtar, Marduk, and Ashur through cult statues, offerings, and divination.
Ancient South Arabian script
The Ancient South Arabian script, or musnad, is a 29-letter consonantal alphabet used in ancient Yemen from the late 2nd millennium BC to the 6th century AD.
Anedjib
Anedjib, also rendered Adjib or Enezib, was a king of Egypt's First Dynasty, buried in Tomb X at Abydos between Den and Semerkhet; his reign was likely under 12 years.
Anen
Anen was an official of Egypt's 18th Dynasty who served as Second Prophet of Amun under Amenhotep III, brother of Queen Tiye and son of Yuya and Thuya.
Angim
Angim, titled An-gim dím-ma ('Created like the god An'), is a Sumerian šir-gida hymn celebrating the war god Ninurta's return from battle to his father Enlil's city, Nippur.
Anitta (king of Kussara)
Anitta, also known as Anittas, was an Anatolian king of Kussara, son of Pithana, who conquered Nesa and destroyed Hattusa around 1730 BC and is known from the Anitta Text.
Anitta text
The Anitta text, also called the Anitta inscription, is the oldest known text in the Hittite language, narrating King Anitta's conquests, including his destruction of Hattusa around 1730 BC.
Ankhefenkhonsu
Ankhefenkhonsu, also written Ankh-af-na-khonsu, was a Theban priest of the god Montu around 700–675 BCE, known for his Cairo sarcophagus and the Stele of Revealing.
Ankhefenmut
Ankhefenmut was a priest and temple sculptor of the goddess Mut at Thebes during Egypt's 21st Dynasty, known chiefly from his inscribed coffin found at Bab el-Gasus.
Ankhefensekhmet
Ankhefensekhmet was High Priest of Ptah at Memphis at the end of Egypt's Twenty-first Dynasty, around 982–962 BC. He is known almost entirely through his son and successor, the High Priest Shedsunefertem.
Ankhesenamun
Ankhesenamun (Ankhesenpaaten), c. 1350 BCE, third daughter of Akhenaten and Nefertiti and great royal wife of Tutankhamun; after his 1327 BCE death she wrote to the Hittite king Suppiluliuma I for a husband, the prince was killed, and she vanished from history; her mummy is unconfirmed.