5,147 articles
Letters to the Dead
Letters to the Dead are ancient Egyptian petitions written to recently deceased relatives, asking their help with illness, inheritance disputes, or the birth of an heir.
Levantine campaigns of Senusret III
The Levantine campaigns of Senusret III were Middle Kingdom Egyptian expeditions into Canaan and Syria-Palestine, recorded on the stele of the officer Sebek-khu, which describes the fall of Sekmem and Retjenu.
Lexical lists
Lexical lists are cuneiform lists of signs and words that Mesopotamian scribes used to teach writing and Sumerian vocabulary, invented at Uruk around 3200 BCE.
Libaya
Libaya was, according to the Assyrian King List, the 49th ruler of Assyria in the early Adaside dynasty, a son of Belu-bani who reigned 17 years.
Libbali-sharrat
Libbāli-šarrat was a 7th-century BC queen of Assyria, wife of King Ashurbanipal, known from her own stele from Assur and probably the garden banquet relief from Nineveh.
Library of Ashurbanipal
The Library of Ashurbanipal, also called the Royal Library of Nineveh, was the 7th-century BCE cuneiform tablet collection of Assyria's last great king; over 30,000 texts found at Kuyunjik include the fullest Epic of Gilgamesh.
Library of the temple of Edfu
The library of the temple of Edfu is a wall-inscribed catalog of the Ptolemaic temple's papyrus books, the only surviving House of Books chamber in ancient Egypt.
Libu
The Libu, also written Rebu, were an ancient Libyan tribal people of North Africa, attested in Egyptian records from the New Kingdom onward; their name gave the word Libya.
Libyan Palette
The Libyan Palette, also called the Tehenu or Cities Palette, is a Late Predynastic Egyptian ceremonial schist palette fragment, dated to about 3200-3000 BC, carved with animals, olive trees, and seven walled towns.
Libyan revolts suppressed by Hanno the Great
The Libyan revolts suppressed by Hanno the Great, usually called the Mercenary or Truceless War, were uprisings of Carthage's unpaid mercenaries and Libyan subjects from 241 to 237 BC.
Libyan wars of Ramesses III
The Libyan wars of Ramesses III were two campaigns, in about 1180 and 1174 BC, repelling Libyan tribes, chiefly the Libu and Meshwesh, pressing into the western Nile Delta.
Libyco-Berber script
The Libyco-Berber script, also called the Numidian or Libyan script, is the ancient consonantal alphabet of North Africa, surviving today as the Tuareg Tifinagh alphabet.
Libyphoenicians
The Libyphoenicians (Greek Λιβυφοίνικες) were Punic-descended communities of Carthage's North African coast in Byzacium and Tripolitana, a mixed Punic and African people who paid tribute to Carthage.
Lihyan
Lihyan, also known as Dedan-Lihyan, was a kingdom of northwest Arabia centered on the oasis of Dadan, at modern al-ʿUlā, flourishing from the 6th to 1st century BCE.
Lilybaeum stele
The Lilybaeum stele is a Punic funerary stele from Lilybaeum, the Carthaginian outpost at modern Marsala, Sicily, whose closing votive formula matches Carthage's tophet stelae.
Limer
Limer is the fifth of six legendary kings of Mari in the Sumerian King List, attributed a 30-year reign as a priest and known from no inscription.
Limyra bilingual inscription
The Limyra bilingual inscription is a Greek–Aramaic funerary bilingual carved on a rock-cut tomb at Limyra in Lycia, commemorating Artimas son of Arzapiya, with the Greek added generations later.
Linear Elamite
Linear Elamite is a Bronze Age writing system used in southern Iran from about 2900 to 1900 BCE, best known from the Susa inscriptions of Puzur-Inšušinak.
Lion hunts of Amenhotep III
The lion hunts of Amenhotep III are recorded on commemorative Egyptian scarabs stating that the pharaoh killed 102 lions with his own arrows in his first ten years.
Lion of Knidos
The Lion of Knidos is a colossal recumbent marble lion that crowned a tomb at Knidos in Caria, south-west Anatolia, and has stood in the British Museum since 1859.
Lioness of Gobedra
The Lioness of Gobedra, locally Misle Anbesa, is a large feline carved in sunk relief on a boulder at the Aksumite quarries of Gobo Dura, about 5 km west of Aksum, Ethiopia.
Lipit-Enlil
Lipit-Enlil of Isin was the eighth king of the First Dynasty of Isin, a son of Būr-Sîn who ruled for five years, c. 1873-1869 BC.
Lipit-Ishtar
Lipit-Ishtar, also known as Lipit-Eštar, was the fifth king of the First Dynasty of Isin, reigning about 1934 to 1924 BC and best known for his Sumerian law code.
List of kings of Babylon
List of kings of Babylon: ancient Babylonian king lists (King List A, Uruk King List, Dynastic Chronicle) and Brinkman's modern eBL chronology, giving dynasties, regnal lengths, and the 1894–1595 First Dynasty dating.
List of pharaohs
List of pharaohs: reconstructed sequence of ancient Egypt's kings from Menes/Aha through Manetho's 30 dynasties to Cleopatra, based on the Palermo Stone, Abydos Kinglist, Turin Canon, and radiocarbon-anchored chronology.
Litany of Ra
The Litany of Ra, also Litany of Re, is a New Kingdom Egyptian royal funerary text invoking Re in 75 forms, first inscribed in Thutmose III's tomb.
LMLK seal impressions
LMLK seal impressions (Hebrew למלך, "belonging to the king") are royal stamps on ancient Judahite storage-jar handles, produced chiefly under King Hezekiah in the late 8th century BC.
Lmn of Dʿmt
Lmn (Lāmān), son of Rabāḥ, was a ruler of the pre-Aksumite kingdom of Dʿmt in Tigray, Ethiopia, titled mukarrib of Dʿmt and Sabaʾ and known from Ethio-Sabaean inscriptions.
London Medical Papyrus
The London Medical Papyrus is an Egyptian medical and magical papyrus of the New Kingdom's 18th Dynasty, held in the British Museum, with the earliest Semitic texts written in an Egyptian script.
Loss of Ur by Isin
The Loss of Ur by Isin was the capture of Ur by Gungunum of Larsa in 1926 BCE, ending roughly a century of Isin's control and shifting power toward Larsa.