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Law and justice

9,901 articles

Newgate Prison

Newgate Prison, London's main City gaol from 1188 to 1904 at a Roman wall gate, held felons and debtors in notorious overcrowding, hosted Tyburn's transferred gallows from 1783, and was demolished in 1904 for the Old Bailey.

Nicaean–Venetian treaty of 1219

Nicaean–Venetian treaty of 1219: August 1219 alliance and commercial treaty between Theodore I Laskaris of Nicaea and Venetian podestà Jacopo Tiepolo, granting Venice five-year duty-free trade throughout Nicaea while Nicaean merchants paid usual dues in Venetian lands.

Nicaragua v. Germany

Nicaragua v. Germany (ICJ Case 193), filed 1 March 2024, alleges Germany breached the Genocide Convention and Geneva Conventions via arms exports to Israel; the ICJ declined provisional measures 15–1 on 30 April 2024.

Nicaragua v. United States

ICJ case (1984–1991) in which Nicaragua sued the United States over contra support and port mining; the 1986 judgment found breaches of customary international law and the 1956 FCN treaty, with reparations ordered but never paid.

Nice Classification

Nice Classification (NCL): WIPO-administered international system of 45 trademark classes (34 goods, 11 services) under the 1957 Nice Agreement; 13th edition effective January 1, 2026.

Nicholas Alahverdian

Nicholas Alahverdian, also known as Nicholas Rossi and Arthur Knight (1987-2026), was an American sex offender and former Rhode Island child-welfare advocate who faked his death in 2020, was arrested in Scotland in 2021, extradited to Utah, convicted of two 2008 rapes in 2025, and died in prison in 2026.

Nicholas Garaufis

Nicholas Garaufis, born 1948, is a senior United States district judge for the Eastern District of New York, appointed by President Bill Clinton in 2000.

Nicholas J. Ganjei

Nicholas J. Ganjei, born Nicholas Jon Ganjei in 1979, is an American district judge for the Southern District of Texas since 2026, appointed by President Trump after serving as U.S. attorney there.

Nicholas Porter Earp

Nicholas Porter Earp (1813-1907), father of Wyatt, Virgil, and Morgan Earp; Mexican War sergeant, Union Army recruiter, wagon-master, and lawman (constable, justice of the peace, city recorder) who led his family from Iowa to San Bernardino in 1864.

Nicholas Tartaglione

Nicholas Tartaglione, former Briarcliff Manor, New York police officer, convicted in 2023 of the 2016 quadruple murder of Martin Luna, Urbano Santiago, Miguel Luna, and Hector Gutierrez; four consecutive life terms; briefly Jeffrey Epstein's MCC cellmate in 2019.

Nick Yarris

Nick Yarris (Nicholas James Yarris, born 1961) is an American death row exoneree convicted in 1982 of the 1981 rape-murder of Linda Mae Craig in Pennsylvania, exonerated by DNA in 2003 after 21 years, subject of The Fear of 13.

Nicky Arnstein

Nicky Arnstein (Julius Wilford Arndstein, 1879–1965) was a Norwegian-born American gambler and con man, known as Fanny Brice's husband and for a Wall Street bond theft.

Nicky Barnes

Leroy "Nicky" Barnes, aka Mr. Untouchable, born 1933, ran the Council heroin syndicate in 1970s New York; convicted 1977, sentenced to life in 1978, became a federal witness, released into witness protection in 1998.

Nicola Gobbo

Nicola Gobbo, known as Lawyer X and Informer 3838, is an Australian former barrister who informed for Victoria Police against her clients from 1993 to about 2010, triggering a royal commission, 1,011 potentially affected cases, and overturned convictions.

Nicole Brown Simpson

Nicole Brown Simpson, ex-wife of O.J. Simpson, married him in 1985, endured documented abuse including a 1989 battery conviction, divorced in 1992, and was murdered with Ronald Goldman on June 12, 1994, leading to the televised 1995 trial.

Nicole Daedone

Nicole Daedone, also known as the "Oracle" of OneTaste, co-founded the orgasmic meditation company in San Francisco in 2004, sold it for $12 million in 2017, and was convicted of forced labor conspiracy in 2025 and sentenced to nine years in prison in 2026.

Nicole G. Berner

Nicole Gina Berner is an American jurist serving as a United States circuit judge on the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals since 2024, appointed by President Biden.

Nicolo Rizzuto

Nicolo (Nick) Rizzuto, born 1924 in Cattolica Eraclea, Sicily, founded the Rizzuto crime family that controlled Montreal's mafia from the 1980s; arrested in Project Colisée 2006, he was killed by a sniper at his Montreal home on 10 November 2010.

Nigerian Bar Association

The Nigerian Bar Association is a non-profit association of all lawyers called to the Bar in Nigeria, with more than 140,000 members in 128 branches.

Night Moves (1975 film)

Night Moves (1975) is Arthur Penn's neo-noir, written by Alan Sharp, starring Gene Hackman as PI Harry Moseby; working title The Dark Tower, released 11 June 1975 by Warner Bros.

Nikah halala

Nikah halala (tahlil) is the Islamic-law practice requiring a thrice-divorced woman to marry another man, consummate that marriage, and be divorced before remarrying her first husband; pre-arranged halala is condemned, and in India it remains undecided before a Constitution Bench.

Nikki Catsouras photographs controversy

Nikki Catsouras photographs controversy: 2006 leak of CHP crash-scene photos of 18-year-old Nicole Catsouras, spread to 2,500+ websites, leading to the 2010 Catsouras v. CHP privacy ruling and 2012 settlement.

Nikko Jenkins

Nikko Jenkins, Omaha spree killer, murdered four people in August 2013 within weeks of his unsupervised release from Nebraska prison after years in solitary; sentenced to death in 2017, appeals ongoing.

Nikodem Skotarczak

Nikodem "Nikoś" Skotarczak (1954-1998), Polish gangster and businessman from Gdańsk who led the Tricity car-theft mafia, sponsored Lechia Gdańsk, and was shot dead in Gdynia in 1998.

Nimisha Priya

Nimisha Priya is an Indian nurse from Kerala who has been on death row in Yemen since 2020 for killing her Yemeni business partner, Talal Abdo Mahdi, in 2017.

Nina Gershon

Nina Gershon, born in 1940 in Chicago, is a United States district judge for the Eastern District of New York, appointed by Bill Clinton in 1996 and in senior status since 2008.

Nina N. Wang

Nina N. Wang, also known as Nina Nin-Yuen Wang, is an American jurist serving as a US district judge in Colorado since 2022, appointed by President Biden.

Nina R. Morrison

Nina R. Morrison, born Nina Rauh Morrison in 1970, is an American jurist serving as a United States district judge for the Eastern District of New York since 2022.

Nine familial exterminations

Nine familial exterminations (zhū jiǔ zú) was a collective kin punishment in premodern China, Korea, and Vietnam, typically for treason, killing all of an offender's relatives.

Nine Trey Gangsters

Nine Trey Gangsters (NTG, Billies), a set of the United Blood Nation (East Coast Bloods) founded in New York, with ranked hierarchy under The 31 rules, active in RICO prosecutions from New Jersey to North Carolina and in the Tekashi 6ix9ine case.