9,901 articles
Cybercrime
Cybercrime: criminal activity committed against or by means of computers and ICT; no international definition exists. Divided into cyber-dependent and cyber-enabled offences plus online child sexual exploitation; governed internationally by the 2001 Budapest Convention.
Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012
Republic Act 10175, the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, is the Philippine law signed September 12, 2012 defining cybercrime offenses including cyber libel, data preservation duties, and the DOJ Office of Cybercrime; partly voided in Disini v. Secretary of Justice (2014).
Cybersquatting
Cybersquatting is bad-faith registration of domains mimicking trademarks, fought via the 1999 US ACPA statute and ICANN's UDRP administrative process, whose only remedy is domain transfer or cancellation.
Cyberstalking
Cyberstalking is stalking conducted through information technology such as email, social media, GPS tracking, and monitoring software. Covered by 18 U.S.C. § 2261A, it affected an estimated 936,310 US residents age 16+ in 2019, with 412 federal prosecutions filed 2010-2020.
Cycle of abuse
Cycle of abuse, or cycle of violence: Lenore Walker's 1979 three-phase model (tension building, acute battering, reconciliation) and the intergenerational transmission of intimate partner violence, whose theory-informed evidence shows inconsistencies.
Cynthia A. Bashant
Cynthia A. Bashant is an American jurist serving as a United States district judge for the Southern District of California since 2014, appointed by Barack Obama and serving as chief judge since 2025.
Cynthia M. Rufe
Cynthia M. Rufe, born 1948 in Philadelphia, is an American jurist appointed by President George W. Bush in 2002 to the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, assuming senior status in 2021.
Cynthia V. Dixon
Cynthia Valenzuela Dixon, born 1969 in Tucson, Arizona, is a United States district judge for the Central District of California, nominated by President Biden and confirmed in 2024.
Cyntoia Brown
Cyntoia Brown (Cyntoia Brown-Long), born 1988, American advocate sentenced at 16 to life in prison for the 2004 killing of Johnny Allen in Nashville; granted clemency by Governor Bill Haslam in 2019 and released after 15 years.
Cyril Radcliffe, 1st Viscount Radcliffe
Cyril Radcliffe, 1st Viscount Radcliffe (1899–1977), British lawyer, chaired the 1947 Punjab and Bengal Boundary Commissions that drew the Radcliffe Line dividing India and Pakistan in about five weeks.
Cyrus Vance Jr.
Cyrus R. Vance, Jr., Manhattan district attorney 2010–2021, son of Secretary of State Cyrus Vance; led Trump Organization and Weinstein cases, bank fraud forfeitures, and prosecution reforms before Alvin Bragg succeeded him.
D-Company
D-Company (D Company, D-Gang) is the transnational crime syndicate founded by Dawood Ibrahim in 1970s Mumbai, now based in Pakistan, known for narcotics, extortion, the 1993 Bombay bombings, ISI ties, and U.S. Kingpin Act sanctions.
D. Brooks Smith
D. Brooks Smith, born David Brooks Smith in 1951, is an American jurist serving as a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
D. John Sauer
D. John Sauer, US Solicitor General since April 2025 and former Missouri solicitor general (2017–2023), lead counsel in Trump v. United States on presidential immunity.
D. M. Fisher
D. Michael Fisher is an American jurist on the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit since 2003, appointed by President George W. Bush.
D.C. sniper attacks
D.C. sniper attacks (Beltway sniper attacks): October 2002 shootings in which John Allen Muhammad, 41, and Lee Boyd Malvo, 17, killed 10 and wounded 3 around Washington, D.C. using a Bushmaster rifle from a modified Chevy Caprice; Muhammad was executed in 2009, Malvo remains imprisoned.
Dabney L. Friedrich
Dabney L. Friedrich, also known as Dabney Langhorne Friedrich, is an American jurist serving as a US district judge for the District of Columbia since 2017.
Dacoity
Dacoity, also called gang robbery (ḍakaitī), is the Indian offence of robbery committed or attempted by five or more persons conjointly, punishable with life imprisonment or up to ten years, now under BNS Section 310.
Daejeon Hoetong
Daejeon Hoetong (대전회통, "Comprehensive Collection of the Great Code") is the last unified legal code of Korea's Joseon dynasty, compiled in 1865 by consolidating three earlier great codes.
Dai Hong Dan incident
Dai Hong Dan incident: Somali pirates seized the North Korean cargo ship Dai Hong Dan (대홍단호) off Mogadishu on 29 October 2007; its crew recaptured the vessel with USS James E. Williams assistance.
Daisy Coleman
Daisy Coleman, American sexual assault survivor advocate from Maryville, Missouri, featured in the 2016 Netflix documentary Audrie & Daisy and co-founder of SafeBAE; died by suicide in 2020 at 23.
Dale A. Drozd
Dale A. Drozd, also known as Dale Alan Drozd, is a United States district judge for the Eastern District of California, appointed by President Barack Obama in 2015.
Dale A. Kimball
Dale A. Kimball (born 1939) is an American jurist serving as a senior federal district judge in Utah, appointed by President Bill Clinton in 1997.
Dale E. Ho
Dale E. Ho, also known as Dale Edwin Ho, is an American jurist serving as a United States district judge for the Southern District of New York since 2023.
Dale Hausner and Samuel Dieteman
The pair were responsible for six murders and eighteen wounded in the Phoenix area between 2005 and 2006. Hausner was sentenced to death, and Dieteman received life imprisonment.
Dale S. Fischer
Dale S. Fischer is an American jurist serving as a senior United States district judge of the Central District of California, appointed by President George W. Bush in 2003.
Dale Scheanette
Dale Devon Scheanette, the "bathtub killer," a Louisiana-born Texas death row inmate executed February 10, 2009, for the 1996 rape-strangulation of Wendie Prescott in Arlington; DNA and fingerprint evidence also linked him to Christine Vu's murder and five sexual assaults.
Dalton Gang
The Dalton Gang, or Dalton Brothers, was a group of Old West outlaws, led by three brothers and former deputy marshals, who robbed trains from 1891 to 1892.
Dalveer Bhandari (दलवीर भंडारी)
Dalveer Bhandari (दलवीर भंडारी) is an Indian jurist, former Supreme Court of India judge, and ICJ judge since 2012, re-elected in 2017 after Britain's Greenwood withdrew, serving a term to 2027.
Damages
Damages: the monetary civil-law remedy awarded to make an injured party whole. Covers compensatory (actual), expectation, reliance, restitution, and punitive damages, plus limits of causation, remoteness, and mitigation.