146 articles
Lightstick protests
Lightstick protests (eungwonbong siwi) are South Korean demonstrations, from December 2024 against Yoon Suk Yeol's martial law, where K-pop concert light sticks replaced candlelight vigil candles as symbols of nonviolent pro-democracy protest.
List of slaves
A list of slaves, also called a list of enslaved people, is a historical register or census schedule enumerating enslaved people by name or number, kept by enslavers and governments.
List of social nudity places in Europe
Social nudity places in Europe: designated FKK and naturiste beaches, campsites, resorts and villages such as Heliopolis (1931), Euronat (335 ha), Cap d'Agde, Koversada, Valalta, Vera Playa and Maspalomas, with formats, legal footing and etiquette.
Litter
Litter is waste discarded outside proper disposal systems, on roadsides, parks, beaches, and waterways. Emerging as a US public issue after World War II amid disposable packaging, it is addressed by Keep America Beautiful campaigns, container deposit laws, and legal cleanup duties.
Mahad Satyagraha
Mahad Satyagraha, Chavdar Tale satyagraha: 1927 nonviolent campaign led by B. R. Ambedkar at Mahad, Maharashtra, asserting the Depressed Classes' right to draw water from the Chavdar Tank, including the 20 March water claiming, the 25 December 1927 Manusmriti burning, and a decade of litigation.
Māori Land March
The Māori Land March was a 1975 protest march led by Whina Cooper, who walked 1,000 km from Te Hāpua to Parliament in Wellington to protest Māori land loss.
Mass Democratic Movement
The Mass Democratic Movement was an informal coalition of anti-apartheid groups in South Africa in the late 1980s, formed after the United Democratic Front was banned in 1988.
Massage parlor
Massage parlor: commercial massage establishment, first attested 1894 as a euphemism for a brothel; in the U.S. now tied to illicit massage businesses, trafficking, and licensing regulation, while the legitimate profession uses massage therapy.
Medgar Evers
Medgar Evers (1925–1963), NAACP's first Mississippi field secretary, World War II Army veteran, voter-registration organizer, and James Meredith ally, assassinated June 12, 1963 in Jackson by Byron De La Beckwith, convicted in 1994.
Michael Schwerner
Michael Henry "Mickey" Schwerner, New York CORE organizer and project director for Mississippi's 4th District, murdered with James Chaney and Andrew Goodman by Klansmen on June 21, 1964 during Freedom Summer; led to the 1967 Price convictions and Killen's 2005 manslaughter conviction.
Million Man March
The Million Man March, a mass gathering of African American men on Washington's National Mall on October 16, 1995, called by Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan; theme of atonement and responsibility, disputed attendance of 400,000 to over 1 million.
Miss France 2026
Miss France 2026, the 96th edition held 6 December 2025 at the Zénith d'Amiens, was won by Hinaupoko Devèze, Miss Tahiti 2025, succeeding Angélique Angarni-Filopon; the public vote decided a tied final before 6.7 million TF1 viewers.
Missing person
Missing person: a person whose whereabouts are unknown or unexplained to family, social, or work environments. Covers definitions, US NCIC and NamUs databases, ICMP identification work, risk assessment, and data limitations.
Mother and Baby Home
Mother and baby homes were Irish institutions for unmarried mothers, 1922–1998, run mostly by Catholic orders; about 9,000 children died, Tuam's 978 deaths prompted a 2021 state apology, redress, and excavation.
Mothers Against Drunk Driving
Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), founded in 1980 by Candace Lightner after her daughter Cari's death, is the largest US nonprofit against drunk driving, credited with the 21 drinking age, .08 BAC laws, ignition interlocks, and victim services.
Murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner
The June 21, 1964 Klan murders of civil rights volunteers James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner near Philadelphia, Mississippi, also called the Mississippi Burning or Freedom Summer murders; eight federal convictions in 1967, Killen's 2005 manslaughter conviction.
NAACP
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), oldest U.S. civil rights organization, founded February 12, 1909 in New York City after the 1908 Springfield riot; won Brown v. Board of Education; led by Derrick Johnson.
Nancy Dell'Olio
Nancy Dell'Olio (Annunziata Dell'Olio), Italian-American lawyer and TV personality, born in New York, raised in Bisceglie; partner of England manager Sven-Goran Eriksson from 2000, later Strictly Come Dancing contestant.
Natural hair movement
The natural hair movement is a cultural movement, mainly among Black women, embracing natural afro-textured hair, with waves in the 1960s to 1970s and from the late 2000s.
New Black Panther Party
The New Black Panther Party is an American Black militant organization founded in Dallas in the early 1990s and designated a hate group by the SPLC.
North Korean nationalism
North Korean nationalism is the state-sponsored nationalism of the DPRK, built on juche (self-reliance), the Kim family cult, and anti-colonial legacy; it shifted in 2023-24 to a two-hostile-states doctrine abandoning unification.
Open defecation
Open defecation is defecating in fields, bushes, water, or other open spaces instead of using a toilet. 354 million people practised it in 2024, down from 1.3 billion in 2000; ending it is SDG target 6.2.
Operation Raise the Colours
Operation Raise the Colours: 2025 UK campaign tying St George's Crosses and Union Jacks to lampposts, bridges and roundabouts, begun in Birmingham and east London, spread via social media, linked to far-right organisers and council removal disputes.
Opium den
An opium den was an establishment where opium was prepared and smoked, arising in eighteenth-century China and spreading to North America, Britain, and Southeast Asia by the mid-nineteenth century.
Pallbearer
Pallbearer: a person who carries or escorts a coffin or casket at a funeral, also called coffin bearer. From pall, the cloth over a coffin; first recorded 1707. Usually six bearers, often family or friends, with honorary pallbearers recognized without lifting.
Parental leave
Parental leave: employment-protected, often paid time off for parents of a new child, alongside maternity and paternity leave. ILO standards set 14 weeks maternity; 68 of 185 countries have parental leave rights; the US mandates only 12 weeks unpaid.
Pet cemetery
Pet cemetery: burial ground for companion animals. First known urban example in London's Hyde Park (1881); oldest operating is Hartsdale, New York (1896). Covers history, regulation, and costs.
Pollution in China
Pollution in China, also called Chinese pollution, is severe air and water contamination from coal-dominated industrialization, addressed through control programs begun after the 2013 smog winter.
Prostitution in China
Prostitution in China is illegal but widespread since the 1978 reforms; estimates range from one to ten million sex workers, enforced through administrative fines, detention, and the saohuang dafei campaign system.
Prostitution in Japan
Prostitution in Japan (売春) is prohibited by the 1956 Prostitution Prevention Law, which punishes solicitation and mediation but not buyers, while a large gray-zone sex industry operates under the Entertainment Businesses Law.