127,669 articles
Austrian nobility
Austrian nobility (Adel): the hereditary privileged estate of the Habsburg monarchy, abolished legally by the Adelsaufhebungsgesetz of 3 April 1919 (in force 10 April 1919), which removed titles such as Ritter, Freiherr, Graf, and Fürst and the particle 'von'.
Austrian Partition
The Austrian Partition was the portion of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth annexed by the Habsburg Monarchy in 1772 and 1795, ruled chiefly as the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria until 1918.
Austrian People's Party
Austrian People's Party (ÖVP, Österreichische Volkspartei): Christian-democratic, conservative Austrian party founded 17 April 1945 in Vienna; dominant governing party of the Second Republic, EPP member, and since March 2025 lead party of Austria's first three-party coalition with SPÖ and NEOS under Chancellor Christian Stocker.
Austrian schilling
The Austrian schilling was reintroduced as Austria's currency on December 21, 1945, replacing the Reichsmark, and was converted to the euro in 2002 at 13.7603 schilling per euro.
Austrian school of economics
The Austrian school of economics, also known as Austrian economics, is a heterodox tradition founded by Carl Menger in 1871, known for its business cycle theory.
Austrian Sign Language
Austrian Sign Language (Österreichische Gebärdensprache, ÖGS) is the natural sign language of Austria's roughly 10,000 deaf first-language signers, constitutionally recognized since 2005 under Article 8(3) B-VG and listed as intangible cultural heritage in 2013.
Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty, signed in Vienna on 15 May 1955, ended the four-power occupation of Austria and re-established it as a sovereign, independent, and democratic state.
Austrians
Austrians, also called Austrian Germans, are the citizens and inhabitants of Austria, a federal republic of nine provinces in Central Europe whose separate national identity formed only after 1945.
Austric languages
Austric languages: hypothetical macrofamily proposed by Wilhelm Schmidt in 1906 uniting Austronesian and Austroasiatic, sometimes with Tai-Kadai and Hmong-Mien; unproven and rejected by mainstream historical linguistics.
Austro-Hungarian Army
The Austro-Hungarian Army (1867-1918), the Habsburg Monarchy's armed force, comprising the k.u.k. Common Army, the Austrian Landwehr, and the Hungarian Honvéd under a shared emperor and German command language.
Austro-Hungarian Bank
The Austro-Hungarian Bank was the joint central bank of Austria-Hungary, created in 1878 from the Austrian National Bank, issuing the gulden and later the gold crown until 1919.
Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878
Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1878 (Okkupation Bosniens): Habsburg occupation under the Treaty of Berlin, resisted by Muslim and Serb insurgents under Hadži Lojo; Sarajevo fell 19 August 1878.
Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (Ausgleich, kiegyezés) reorganized the Habsburg Empire into the dual monarchy Austria-Hungary after the 1866 defeat by Prussia, with common foreign, military, and financial affairs handled by Delegations until 1918.
Austro-Hungarian General Staff
The Austro-Hungarian General Staff was the Habsburg Monarchy's body for war planning and mobilization, holding a monopoly on planning and led by Conrad von Hötzendorf before 1914.
Austro-Hungarian mobilizations during the Balkan Wars
The Austro-Hungarian mobilizations during the Balkan Wars were two precautionary army call-ups in 1912 and 1913 that brought about 550,000 men into uniform without war.
Austro-Hungarian Navy
Austro-Hungarian Navy (k.u.k. Kriegsmarine), the Habsburg Monarchy's naval force based at Pola and Cattaro; born from the 1797 acquisition of Venice, victorious at Lissa 1866, expanded into a four-dreadnought fleet by 1914, dissolved in 1918.
Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1878–1918: occupation mandated by the 1878 Berlin Congress, annexation in 1908, Joint Finance Ministry administration, the Kállay era, and the 1910 Statute.
Austro-Marxism
Austro-Marxism (German: Austromarxismus) was an Austrian school of social-democratic Marxism active from about 1900 to 1934, whose leading figures included Otto Bauer, Max Adler, and Rudolf Hilferding.
Austro-Prussian War
The Austro-Prussian War (Preußisch-österreichischer Krieg 1866), or Seven Weeks' War: Prussia and Italy defeated Austria in 1866; Königgrätz, the Treaty of Prague, Austria's exclusion from Germany, and the path to 1871 unification.
Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)
The Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) was a war between the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire, fought in Hungary and the Balkans and ending in Habsburg victory.
Austroasiatic languages
Austroasiatic languages: large language family of mainland Southeast Asia and South Asia, also called Mon–Khmer plus Munda; over 150 languages, ninth-largest family, classification still unresolved.
Austrofascism
Austrofascism (German: Austrofaschismus) is the term for the authoritarian regime that ruled Austria from 1933 to 1938 under Chancellors Dollfuß and Schuschnigg, dismantling parliamentary democracy for a corporatist Ständestaat.
Austronesian languages
Austronesian languages: a family of about 1,200 related languages from Madagascar to Easter Island, with its homeland in Taiwan and dispersal beginning roughly 5,200 years ago; nearly all members belong to Malayo-Polynesian.
Austronesian peoples
Austronesian peoples are the speakers of the Austronesian language family, about 270 million people from Madagascar to Easter Island. Originating in Taiwan around 5,000 years ago, they spread across Island Southeast Asia and Oceania.
Austronesian settlement of Madagascar
The Austronesian settlement of Madagascar was the migration of seafaring peoples from Island Southeast Asia, probably southern Borneo, to Madagascar, giving the island its Austronesian language, Malagasy.
Autaritus
Autaritus, also known as Autaritos, was a Gallic mercenary commander in Carthaginian service who became one of three chief leaders of the Mercenary War against Carthage, 241–238 BC.
Autarky
Autarky, from the Greek autarkeia, is an economic policy of complete national self-sufficiency through domestic control of production and supply; no modern nation, even North Korea, has fully achieved it.
Auténtico Party
The Auténtico Party, also known as Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Auténtico), was a Cuban political party founded in 1934 that governed Cuba from 1944 until Batista's coup in 1952.
Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution
The Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (Partido Auténtico de la Revolución Mexicana, PARM) was a Mexican political party, founded in 1954, that generally backed the PRI's presidential candidates from 1958 onward.
Authenticité
Authenticité, also called recours à l'authenticité, was Mobutu Sese Seko's cultural doctrine in Zaire, launched after his 1965 seizure of power and at its height from 1971 to 1975.