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Authenticity (philosophy)
Authenticity in philosophy is the ideal of being true to oneself, central to existentialism. Key sources: Rousseau, Kierkegaard, Heidegger's Eigentlichkeit ('ownedness'), Sartre, Beauvoir, and Taylor's ethic of authenticity.
Author
Author (copyright law): the person who creates a work and initially owns its copyright, under US work-for-hire, EU Infopaq originality, UK CDPA s9(3), and AI-era human-authorship rules.
Authoritarian conservatism
Authoritarian conservatism is a current of conservative politics supporting authoritarian 'government from above', exemplified by Joseph de Maistre and interwar conservative authoritarianism, and distinguished from mainstream conservatism, populism, and fascism.
Authoritarianism
Authoritarianism: non-democratic rule rejecting political pluralism, sustained by legitimation, repression, and co-optation; studied as regime type and personality trait, measured via V-Dem, Freedom House, Polity, and EIU indices amid global autocratization.
Authoritarianism during the Trump presidencies
Authoritarianism during the Trump presidencies: scholarly assessment of democratic erosion, executive aggrandizement, and competitive authoritarianism classifications across Trump's 2017–2021 and 2025– terms, with V-Dem, Freedom House, and expert survey evidence.
Authority
Authority is the recognized right to command and be obeyed, central to political philosophy and sociology. Key concepts include Weber's traditional, charismatic, and legal-rational types, de facto versus legitimate authority, and Raz's Normal Justification Thesis.
Authorization hold
An authorization hold, also called a preauthorization, is a temporary reservation of funds on a payment card, reducing the available balance until the transaction completes.
Authorship of the Bible
Authorship of the Bible, also called Biblical authorship, concerns who wrote its mostly anonymous books; tradition credits prophets, while scholars date the Torah to the 9th–4th centuries BCE.
Autilus Mekone
Autilus Mekone LP is a Delaware venture capital fund managed from Santa Monica, California by Autilus Partners, founded in 2024 with Michael C. Perkinson as Managing Partner.
Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised
The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) is a standardized caregiver interview for assessing autism, introduced by Catherine Lord, Michael Rutter, and Ann Le Couteur in 1994.
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule
The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) is a semi-structured standardized assessment for autism spectrum disorder, introduced in 1989; its current edition, the ADOS-2, has five modules.
Autism Speaks
Autism Speaks, founded February 2005 by Bob and Suzanne Wright with $25 million from Bernie Marcus, is the largest US autism advocacy organization; known for Light It Up Blue, the puzzle piece logo, the 2009 I Am Autism video controversy, and its 2016 removal of 'cure' from its mission.
Autism spectrum quotient
The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is a 50-item self-report questionnaire measuring autistic traits in adults of normal intelligence, introduced in 2001 and used in research and clinical screening.
Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist
The Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) is a free, one-page parent-report questionnaire measuring change in autism spectrum disorder symptom severity, with lower scores indicating better status.
Autistic supremacism
Autistic supremacism, often called Aspie supremacism, is a belief within the autistic community that "Aspie" or "high-functioning" autistic people are superior to other autistic and non-autistic people.
Auto Shankar
Auto Shankar (Gauri Shankar), Chennai auto-rickshaw driver convicted of six murders and sentenced to death in 1991; his disputed autobiography triggered R. Rajagopal v. State of Tamil Nadu (1994), India's landmark privacy and press freedom judgment.
Auto-da-fé
An auto-da-fé (Spanish auto de fe, literally "act of faith") was the public ceremony at which early modern Inquisition tribunals announced sentences on condemned heretics.
Auto1 Group
Auto1 Group, legally AUTO1 Group SE, is a German digital used-car marketplace founded in Berlin in 2012, operating across more than 30 countries through AUTO1.com and Autohero.
Autobahn Therapeutics
Autobahn Therapeutics, formerly Llama Therapeutics, is a San Diego biotechnology company founded in 2020 that develops brain-targeting drugs for depression; its lead candidate, elunetirom, is in Phase 2 trials for bipolar depression.
Autobiographical memory task
An autobiographical memory task, best known as the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), presents cue words and scores personal memories as specific or overgeneral, a measure linked to depression and rumination.
Autobiography of a Yogi
Autobiography of a Yogi is a 1946 spiritual memoir by Paramahansa Yogananda recounting his life in India and the United States and presenting the Kriya Yoga lineage.
Autobiography of Khnumhotep I
The Autobiography of Khnumhotep I is a Middle Kingdom Egyptian tomb inscription in Tomb 14 at Beni Hassan recording the career of Khnumhotep I, first Twelfth Dynasty governor of the Oryx nome.
Autobiography of the Everlasting Elder
The Autobiography of the Everlasting Elder (长乐老自叙) is a short self-account by the Five Dynasties official Feng Dao, written in 950, listing the rulers, offices, and titles he held.
Autobiography of Tjetji
The Autobiography of Tjetji is a tomb stela, British Museum EA 614, inscribed for Tjetji, chief treasurer at the Theban court under Intef II and Intef III.
Autobiography of Weni
The Autobiography of Weni, also printed as Uni, is a Sixth Dynasty Egyptian inscription from Abydos recording the official Weni's promotions and five military campaigns.
Autocephaly
Autocephaly is the status of an autocephalous church in Eastern Orthodoxy that governs itself fully, electing its own primate without confirmation by any external ecclesiastical authority.
Autocracy
Autocracy: rule by one person or a narrow group without accountability or peaceful replacement mechanisms; also called authoritarianism or dictatorship. Covers substantive versus residual definitions, V-Dem and EIU classifications, legitimation, repression, and co-optation, and recent global counts showing autocracy's population share rising.
Autodidacticism
Autodidacticism, or self-directed learning, is self-education without a teacher or formal schooling. Covers its Greek etymology, word history from 1580, famous autodidacts like Lincoln and Franklin, criticisms, and research evidence.
AutoDS Ltd.
AutoDS Ltd., short for Automatic Dropshipping System, is an Israeli software company that automates dropshipping for sellers on Shopify, eBay, and Amazon; Fiverr acquired it in 2024 for $55.658 million.
Autoeroticism
Autoeroticism, self-directed sexual arousal and gratification through masturbation, nongenital stimulation, or fantasy; term coined by Havelock Ellis (1898) and adopted by Freud in 1905; distinct from autosexuality, an orientation.