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Crown Heights riot
The Crown Heights riot (August 19-21, 1991) was antisemitic violence in Brooklyn after Gavin Cato's death under a motorcade car and the murder of Yankel Rosenbaum, followed by the 1993 Girgenti report and a 1998 $1.1 million city settlement.
Crown Lands Ordinance of 1915
The Crown Lands Ordinance of 1915 was a Kenyan law declaring all land in Kenya, including land occupied by African communities, to be Crown land.
Crown of Aragon
Crown of Aragon (Corona de Aragón, Corona d'Aragó): composite monarchy formed by the 1137 union of Aragon and the County of Barcelona, spanning Catalonia, Valencia, Mallorca, Sicily, Sardinia and Naples, with strong Cortes and fueros, ended by the Nueva Planta decrees of 1707-1716.
Crown of Castile
Crown of Castile (Corona de Castilla), formed by the 1230 union of Castile and León under Ferdinand III; a composite polity divided into five circumscriptions, with the Cortes, Ordenamiento de Alcalá (1348), and rule of the Indies, later the core of the Spanish Monarchy.
Crown of Peter the Great
Crown of Peter the Great refers to two crowns of Peter I of Russia: the Monomakh's Cap made for his 1682 coronation and the silver Imperial crown of 1723.
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (Korona Królestwa Polskiego, Corona Regni Poloniae), a 14th-century Polish political-legal concept of state unity, indivisibility, and continuity, also the Polish king's lands, shaped by the 1374 Košice privilege and the 1569 Union of Lublin.
Crown of thorns
Crown of thorns: the Gospel object placed on Jesus by Roman soldiers and the Passion relic venerated in Jerusalem, Constantinople, and Paris since 1239, now kept at Notre-Dame de Paris as a rush circlet without thorns.
Crown prince
Crown prince: title of the heir to a monarchical throne; female form crown princess. Native variants include Kronprins, Walī al-ʻAhd, Pengiran Muda Mahkota, and Luxembourg's hereditary grand duke; selection may be fixed by primogeniture law or by statute, as in Saudi Arabia's Succession Commission Law.
Crown Prince Dan of Yan's faction
Crown Prince Dan of Yan's faction (燕太子丹集团) was the circle of retainers and exiles Crown Prince Dan gathered to strike at the King of Qin, sending the assassin Jing Ke.
Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia (ولي العهد), the designated heir to the Saudi throne under Basic Law Article 5(b) and the Allegiance Council system; current holder Mohammed bin Salman, appointed June 2017, first grandson of founder Abdulaziz to hold the title.
Crown Prince Sado (사도세자)
Crown Prince Sado (사도세자, 思悼世子, 1735–1762), heir of Joseon King Yeongjo, died in 1762 after eight days confined in a rice chest; father of King Jeongjo, subject of the Hanjungrok memoir and the Imo Incident debates.
Crown Prosecution Service
The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) is the principal public prosecution service of England and Wales, a non-ministerial department created by the Prosecution of Offences Act 1985, operational October 1986, headed by the DPP and applying the two-stage Code test.
Crown rabbi (Russia)
A crown rabbi (казённый раввин) was the government-mandated rabbi of the Russian Empire, a civil servant who kept vital records and represented Jewish communities from 1835 to 1917.
Crown Tribunal
The Crown Tribunal (Polish: Trybunał Koronny) was the supreme appellate court of the Polish Crown's nobility, created by King Stephen Báthory in 1578 and abolished in 1794.
Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada
Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC), also Relations Couronne-Autochtones et Affaires du Nord Canada, is the Canadian department, created in 2017, leading modern treaty negotiation and implementation, self-government agreements, and northern affairs.
Crowne Plaza
Crowne Plaza is a full-service premium hotel brand owned by InterContinental Hotels Group. Launched in 1983, it had 415 hotels in 67 countries at the end of 2024.
Croydon London Borough Council elections
Croydon London Borough Council elections: whole-council elections every four years choosing 70 councillors by first past the post in 28 London wards, held alongside the directly elected Mayor of Croydon since 2022; in 2026 Labour won 30 of 70 seats with no overall control.
CRRC Times Semiconductor (中车时代半导体)
CRRC Times Semiconductor (中车时代半导体) is a Chinese power-semiconductor manufacturer based in Zhuzhou, Hunan, carved out from CRRC Times Electric in 2019 to make IGBT and SiC devices.
Crucifix
A crucifix is a cross bearing the figure of the crucified Christ, distinct from a plain cross, in two types: victorious, showing Christ alive, and suffering.
Crucifixion
Crucifixion: ancient execution by nailing or binding a victim to a stake or cross, used by Persians, Carthaginians, and Romans; death by asphyxia and shock over hours to days; abolished by Constantine after CE 314.
Crucifixion of Jesus
The crucifixion of Jesus, also called the crucifixion of Christ, was his Roman execution at Golgotha outside Jerusalem, dated to AD 30 or 33 and central to Christian atonement.
Cruel and unusual punishment
Cruel and unusual punishment, banned by the Eighth Amendment and English Bill of Rights of 1689, covers torture, disproportionality, and status crimes; shaped by the Titus Oates case and evolving standards of decency.
Cruelty to animals
Cruelty to animals, also called animal abuse, is the infliction of unnecessary suffering on animals through abuse or neglect. Distinguished by its property-based legal origins, the 1866 ASPCA founding, the US Animal Welfare Act, and modern veterinary forensics.
Cruise Automation
Cruise Automation was a San Francisco autonomous-vehicle company founded in 2013 by Kyle Vogt and Dan Kan, acquired by GM in 2016 and shut down in 2024.
Cruise of the Kings
Cruise of the Kings, 1954 royal cruise organized by King Paul and Queen Frederica of Greece aboard the liner Agamemnon, gathering about 100 European royals to promote Greek tourism and royal matchmaking.
Cruising for sex
Cruising for sex is the search for sexual partners in public spaces, chiefly among men who have sex with men, via coded looks in parks, toilets, and heaths; documented since the 18th century and now largely displaced by geosocial apps that move encounters into homes.
Crusade of Varna
The Crusade of Varna (Varna Hachli Seferi) ended at the 1444 Battle of Varna, where Sultan Murad II's Ottomans routed the crusader army of King Władysław III of Poland and Hungary.
Crusade vow
Crusade vow: the sworn "taking of the cross" by which a medieval Christian bound himself to armed penitential pilgrimage, instituted at Clermont in 1095, enforceable under canon law, fulfilled by completing the expedition or commuted.
Crusader invasions of Egypt (1163–1169)
The Crusader invasions of Egypt (1163–1169) were campaigns in which King Amalric I of Jerusalem and Nur al-Din's forces under Shirkuh and Saladin competed for control of Fatimid Egypt.
Crusader states
Crusader States, or Outremer, Latin East: four states founded after the First Crusade, County of Edessa, Principality of Antioch, Kingdom of Jerusalem, County of Tripoli, lasting from 1098 until Acre fell in 1291.