3,135 articles
PostgreSQL
PostgreSQL, also known as Postgres, is an open source object-relational database management system using SQL, descended from the 1986 POSTGRES project at the University of California, Berkeley.
PostgreSQL wire protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol (Frontend/Backend Protocol): message-based client-server protocol over TCP/IP or Unix sockets, port 5432. Versions 2.0, 3.0 (7.4+), reserved 3.1, and 3.2 (PostgreSQL 18); simple and extended query sub-protocols.
Potential method
The potential method, also known as the physicist's method, is a technique of amortized analysis in which a potential function measures stored work in a data structure.
Powersort
Powersort is a stable, run-adaptive mergesort algorithm presented at ESA 2018 that finds a nearly optimal merge order for the sorted runs already present in its input.
Pranav Mistry (પ્રણવ મિસ્ત્રી)
Pranav Mistry (પ્રણવ મિસ્ત્રી) is an Indian computer scientist and inventor, born in 1981, best known for creating the SixthSense wearable gestural interface at MIT.
Precisely (company)
Precisely (formerly Syncsort, founded 1968 as Whitlow Computer Systems) is a Burlington, MA-based data integrity software company serving 12,000+ customers in 100 countries, acquired by Clearlake and TA Associates in 2021.
Predicate pushdown
Predicate pushdown, or filter pushdown, is a query optimization passing WHERE-clause predicates to the data source, Spark connectors, Trino connectors, or Parquet row-group statistics, so non-matching rows, files, or blocks are never read.
Prediction Algorithms
A prediction algorithm is a computational procedure that uses historical or real-time data to estimate future or unknown values, spanning statistical time-series models and deep learning.
Predictive analytics
Predictive analytics is the practice of using historical data with statistical and machine-learning models to predict outcomes like demand forecasts, credit default probabilities, and customer churn scores.
Preference learning
Preference learning is the branch of machine learning that models preferences from comparative data like ratings and rankings, spanning rank aggregation, recommender systems, and RLHF for aligning language models.
Prefix sum
A prefix sum, also called a scan or cumulative sum, is an operation on a list of numbers that produces a running total at each position.
Premature convergence
Premature convergence is a failure mode of evolutionary algorithms in which the population loses diversity and settles too early on a suboptimal solution, usually a local optimum.
Prepared statement
A prepared statement, also known as a parameterized query or bind variable, is a database feature in which SQL is pre-parsed and parameter values are supplied separately, preventing SQL injection.
Preset (company)
Preset, Inc. is a San Mateo, California company founded in 2019 by Apache Superset creator Maxime Beauchemin that offers managed commercial hosting of the Apache Superset BI platform.
Pretext task
A pretext task, also called a surrogate or proxy task, is an artificial training task solved not for its own sake but to learn representations that transfer to downstream tasks.
Price of anarchy
The price of anarchy (PoA) is a game theory measure of how much a system's efficiency degrades when participants act selfishly, the worst Nash equilibrium's cost divided by the optimum's.
Prim's algorithm
Prim's algorithm, also known as the Jarník algorithm, is a greedy algorithm that computes a minimum spanning tree by growing a tree from a starting vertex.
Principal component analysis
Principal component analysis (PCA), also known as the Hotelling transform, is an unsupervised linear method that reduces a dataset's dimensionality by replacing correlated variables with fewer uncorrelated ones.
Priority queue
A priority queue is an abstract data type that stores items each with a priority and efficiently removes the highest-priority item, usually implemented as a binary heap and used in Dijkstra's algorithm and scheduling.
Privacera
Privacera is a data security and governance company founded in 2016 in Fremont, California, by Apache Ranger creators Balaji Ganesan and Don Bosco Durai, offering multi-cloud access governance and AI governance (PAIG, Trust3 AI).
Privacy law
Privacy law is the body of law governing how personal data about identifiable people is collected, used, and shared, including the EU's GDPR and California's CCPA.
Privacy policy
A privacy policy, also called a privacy notice, is a legal statement disclosing how an organization collects, uses, stores, shares, and protects personal information, and what rights users have.
Privacy Shield
The EU-U.S. Privacy Shield was a framework for transferring personal data from the European Union to the United States, adopted in 2016 and invalidated in 2020.
Privacy-preserving record linkage
Privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) matches records of the same entity across organizations' databases while encrypting identifiers such as names and addresses, most often using Bloom filters, and is widely used in medical settings like cancer registries.
Pro Football Focus
Pro Football Focus (PFF) is a sports analytics company founded in 2006 by Neil Hornsby that grades every player on every play of every NFL and college football game.
Probabilistic clustering
Probabilistic clustering is a family of unsupervised methods that fits a probability model, typically a finite mixture model, to data and assigns each point to clusters through posterior membership probabilities.
Probabilistic context-free grammar
A probabilistic context-free grammar, also called a stochastic context-free grammar, is a context-free grammar with a probability on each rule, so parse trees can be ranked to pick the most probable parse.
Probabilistic logic programming
Probabilistic logic programming (PLP) is a family of methods combining logic programs with probability distributions to represent uncertain relational knowledge, underlying languages including PRISM, ProbLog, and LPADs.
Probabilistic neural network
A probabilistic neural network (PNN) is a feedforward network introduced by Donald Specht in 1990 that classifies inputs through kernel density estimation and Bayes' rule.
Probabilistic roadmap
A probabilistic roadmap (PRM), also called the probabilistic path planner, is a sampling-based motion planning algorithm that builds a graph of collision-free robot configurations and searches it for paths.