All articles starting with L

Liquid smoke

Liquid smoke, or smoke condensate, is a water-soluble wood-smoke flavouring invented by Ernest H. Wright in 1895, refined to remove tar and PAHs, used industrially and in home cooking.

Liquid Snake

Liquid Snake (リキッド・スネーク, real name Eli) is the clone of Big Boss and primary antagonist of Metal Gear Solid (1998), FOXHOUND commander at Shadow Moses, killed by FOXDIE at 33.

Liquid sunlight

Liquid sunlight (液态阳光), or liquid solar fuel, is a technology named in 2018 that stores renewable electricity as liquid methanol from green hydrogen and captured CO2.

Liquid Swords

Liquid Swords is the second solo studio album by Wu-Tang Clan member GZA, released in 1995, produced by RZA, and widely called one of the greatest hip hop albums.

Liquid Television, MTV's animated anthology (1991-1994, preceded by a December 1990 BBC-2 run), aired about 15 short segments per episode and launched Beavis and Butt-Head, Æon Flux, The Maxx, and Mike Judge's Office Space shorts.

Liquid Tension Experiment

Liquid Tension Experiment (LTE), American instrumental progressive metal supergroup formed 1997 by Mike Portnoy with John Petrucci, Jordan Rudess, and Tony Levin; albums on Magna Carta (1998, 1999) and LTE3 on InsideOut (2021).

Liquid types

Liquid types are refinement types, data types augmented with logical predicates verifying program invariants, introduced by Rondon, Kawaguchi, and Jhala at UC San Diego at PLDI 2008.

Liquid water path

Liquid water path is a measure of the weight of liquid cloud droplets in the atmosphere above a unit surface area, routinely retrieved from microwave radiometers.

Liquid-assisted grinding

Liquid-assisted grinding, also called solvent-drop grinding, is a mechanochemical method in which a small amount of liquid added during grinding accelerates reactions and controls which product forms.

Liquid-based cytology

Liquid-based cytology is a specimen preparation method that suspends cells in preservative fluid and deposits a thin, uniform slide layer, introduced in the 1990s for Pap screening.

Liquid-cell electron microscopy

Liquid-cell electron microscopy, also called liquid-phase electron microscopy, seals liquid specimens between thin electron-transparent windows inside an electron microscope's vacuum, allowing real-time nanoscale imaging of processes in liquids.

Liquid-crystal display

A liquid-crystal display (LCD), or LC display, is a flat-panel display using liquid crystals to control light per pixel, invented at RCA in New Jersey from 1963 to 1968.

Liquid-crystal polymer

A liquid-crystal polymer is a polymer whose rigid rod-like chains organize into an ordered liquid-crystalline state in solution or melt, first commercialized in the 1980s.

Liquid-like thermoelectric Cu2Se

Liquid-like thermoelectric Cu2Se is copper(I) selenide, a superionic semiconductor whose copper ions move liquid-like through a rigid selenium sublattice, giving it ultralow thermal conductivity and record thermoelectric performance.

Liquid-like thermoelectrics

Liquid-like thermoelectrics are materials where mobile ions diffuse through a rigid crystal framework, suppressing heat conduction; prototype copper selenide reached zT = 1.5 at 1,000 K in 2012.

Liquid-like-ion thermoelectrics (superionic Cu2Se)

Liquid-like-ion thermoelectrics are thermoelectric materials where liquid-like mobile ions coexist with a rigid crystal framework; copper selenide, Cu2Se, is the leading example, formalized in 2012 as the phonon-liquid electron-crystal paradigm.

Liquid-metal catalysts

Liquid-metal catalysts are metals or alloys, mainly gallium-based ones like EGaIn and Galinstan, whose fluid surfaces catalyze reactions such as carbon dioxide reduction and resist coking.

Liquid-metal thermal switches

A liquid-metal thermal switch is a device whose thermal conductance is reversibly switched by moving room-temperature liquid metal such as Galinstan between a heat source and sink.

Liquid-phase epitaxy

Liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) is a crystal growth method that deposits a thin single-crystalline layer from a solution onto a substrate, used for LEDs and compound semiconductors.

Liquid-phase exfoliation

Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) is a top-down method that separates bulk layered crystals in a liquid into ultrathin nanosheets, the principal route for producing graphene and other 2D materials at scale.

Liquid-phase microextraction

Liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), also called liquid-liquid microextraction, is an analytical chemistry technique that extracts and preconcentrates analytes from liquid samples into a few microliters of solvent before instrumental analysis.

Liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy

Liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy, also called liquid cell TEM, seals a liquid sample in a cell so processes like nanoparticle growth and electrochemical reactions can be imaged live.

Liquid-propellant rocket

A liquid-propellant rocket, also called a liquid-fueled rocket, carries its fuel and oxidizer as liquids in separate tanks and burns them for thrust; Robert Goddard first flew one in 1926.

Liquid–liquid critical point

A liquid–liquid critical point (LLCP) is a temperature and pressure at which two distinct liquid phases of a single substance, differing in density, become indistinguishable.

Liquid–liquid extraction

Liquid–liquid extraction, also called solvent extraction, is a separation method in which a solute transfers between two immiscible liquids according to its differing solubilities in each.

Liquid–liquid phase transition in dense hydrogen

The liquid–liquid phase transition (LLPT) in dense hydrogen is a proposed first-order transition between insulating molecular and conducting metallic atomic liquids, relevant to Jupiter's and Saturn's interiors.

Liquid–liquid transition

A liquid–liquid transition (LLT) is a first-order phase transition between two distinct liquid states of the same substance, differing in density and local structure, demonstrated in silicon and hypothesized in supercooled water.

Oct 21, 2026

Liquidambar

Liquidambar, sweetgums, genus of resinous deciduous trees in Altingiaceae with 15 species disjunct across Asia, Turkey, and the Americas; includes American sweetgum L. styraciflua.

Liquidambar styraciflua

Liquidambar styraciflua, the American sweetgum or alligatorwood, is a large deciduous tree of eastern North America with star-shaped five-lobed leaves and spiky ball-shaped fruit that persist through winter.