All articles starting with M

Multiple inert gas elimination technique

The multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET) is a respiratory physiology method that quantifies lung ventilation-perfusion matching by infusing six inert gases into a vein and measuring their elimination.

Multiple inheritance

Multiple inheritance is the ability of a class to have more than one base class, so it inherits members from several direct parents, with the diamond problem as its best-known difficulty.

Multiple integral

A multiple integral generalizes the single-variable integral to functions of several variables over regions of n-dimensional space, including double integrals over plane regions and triple integrals over solids, yielding volumes, masses, and probabilities.

Multiple integrated laser engagement system

The Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES) is a US Army tactical engagement simulation system, developed in the late 1970s, in which weapons fire coded laser "bullets" and worn detectors register hits.

Multiple kernel learning

Multiple kernel learning (MKL) is a machine learning method that learns a weighted combination of several kernel functions, letting each kernel represent a different data source.

Oct 22, 2026

Multiple memory effects in amorphous solids

Multiple memory effects in amorphous solids occur when a disordered solid trained by repeated deformation stores readable signatures of several past driving conditions, such as strain amplitudes.

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 1

MMDS1, or NFU1 deficiency (MIM 605711), is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease from NFU1 gene defects on 2p13.3, causing infantile encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, hyperglycinemia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, typically fatal in early infancy.

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 2

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 2 (MMDS2, BOLA3 deficiency, OMIM 614299) is a rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial disorder causing infantile epileptic encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, hyperglycinemia, cardiomyopathy, and early death.

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 3

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 3 (MMDS3, IBA57 deficiency, OMIM 615330) is a rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial leukoencephalopathy from biallelic IBA57 variants, causing infantile developmental regression, hypotonia, hyperglycinemia, lactic acidosis, and cavitating leukoencephalopathy.

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 4

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 4 (MMDS4, ISCA2-related mitochondrial disorder) is a rare autosomal recessive infantile leukodystrophy causing neuroregression, nystagmus, optic atrophy, and defective mitochondrial [4Fe-4S] cluster assembly.

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 5

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome type 5 (MMDS5), or ISCA1 deficiency, is a rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease causing seizures, spasticity, and neurologic decline, usually fatal in early childhood.

Multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma (Kahler disease, plasma cell myeloma) is a cancer of antibody-producing plasma cells that accumulate in bone marrow, damaging bone and kidneys. Treated with proteasome inhibitor, IMiD, and steroid triplets, transplant, antibodies, and CAR-T.

Multiple open wounds of head

Multiple open wounds of head: ICD-11 code NA01.7 (ICD-10-CM S01.7), a leaf code under NA01 Open wound of head for more than one open head wound, with postcoordination and cluster coding rules.

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), also called multiple organ failure, is simultaneous or sequential dysfunction of two or more organ systems after sepsis, trauma, or shock; measured with SOFA or SOFA-2 scores, it affects about 15% of ICU admissions with 44–76% mortality.

Multiple patterning

Multiple patterning is a semiconductor lithography technique that creates chip features finer than one exposure can resolve, by repeating exposure and etch steps or using deposited spacers.

Multiple reaction monitoring

Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), essentially synonymous with selected reaction monitoring (SRM), is a targeted mass spectrometry technique that quantifies predetermined analytes by monitoring precursor-to-fragment ion transitions, most commonly on a triple quadrupole.

Multiple rocket launcher

A multiple rocket launcher, or multiple launch rocket system, is rocket artillery firing several rockets in salvo from one vehicle, introduced in World War II with the Soviet Katyusha.

Oct 15, 2026

Multiple scales method

The multiple scales method is a perturbation technique for differential equations that treats fast and slow timescales jointly, yielding uniformly valid approximations free of secular terms.

Multiple scattering in turbid media

Multiple scattering in turbid media is the repeated scattering of light in materials like paper, fog, and white paint, described by radiative transfer and diffusion.

Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS, sclérose en plaques), chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of brain and spinal cord; over 3 million affected, relapsing and progressive forms, treated with disease-modifying therapies.

Multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma

Multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma, also called Ferguson-Smith disease, is a rare inherited skin condition in which tumor-like lesions grow, then regress spontaneously within months, leaving pitted scars.

Multiple sex partners

Multiple sex partners: having two or more sexual partners in a period (past year or lifetime), including concurrent overlapping partnerships. A recognized STI risk factor; US data show 39.4% of women and 48.3% of men aged 15–44 report multiple past-year partners.

Multiple signal classification

Multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is a subspace-based spectral estimation method invented by Ralph Schmidt in 1979 that estimates directions of arrival of wavefronts from sensor array data.

Multiple skin tags

Multiple skin tags (acrochordons, ICD-11 EK71.1) are very common benign fibroepithelial skin growths on the neck and intertriginous areas, linked to insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes, removed by snip excision, cryosurgery, or electrodesiccation.

Multiple sleep latency test

The multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) is a clinical neurophysiological procedure measuring daytime sleepiness through five scheduled naps, the standard diagnostic tool for narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia.

Oct 15, 2026

Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol

Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) is an IEEE 802.1Q protocol, standardized as 802.1s-2002, that maps multiple VLANs onto fewer spanning-tree instances, extending RSTP while interoperating with older STP bridges.

Multiple sulfatase deficiency

Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD, Austin disease, mucosulfatidosis) is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by SUMF1 mutations that impair FGE, leaving all 17 sulfatases underactive; mean survival is about 13 years.

Multiple symmetric lipomatosis

Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (Madelung disease, Launois-Bensaude syndrome) is a rare disorder of symmetric, non-encapsulated fat masses around the neck and upper trunk, mainly in middle-aged men, linked to alcohol and treated palliatively by surgery.

Multiple synostoses syndrome

Multiple synostoses syndrome (MSS, facio-audio-symphalangism, WL syndrome, OMIM 186500/610017/612961/617898) is a rare autosomal dominant bone disorder with progressive joint fusions, conductive deafness, and characteristic facies, caused by NOG, GDF5, FGF9, or GDF6 variants.