All articles starting with P
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Politics of Nepal
Politics of Nepal: federal democratic republic under the 2015 Constitution with federal, provincial, and local tiers; monarchy abolished 2008; chronic instability; 2025 Gen Z uprising led to the March 2026 election won by Balendra Shah's Rastriya Swatantra Party.
Politics of New Zealand
Politics of New Zealand: a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy with no single written constitution, governed under MMP since 1996, with the Treaty of Waitangi as founding document and a National-led coalition since 2023.
Politics of Nicaragua
Politics of Nicaragua: authoritarian co-presidency of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo. 2025 constitution concentrated power; 2026 abolition of elections; Not Free, 14/100 per Freedom House.
Politics of Nigeria
Politics of Nigeria: federal republic of 36 states plus FCT under the 1999 Constitution, with a presidential system, bicameral National Assembly, 29 years of military rule, and the Fourth Republic since 1999.
Politics of North Korea
Politics of North Korea (조선민주주의인민공화국): one-party dynastic state under Kim Jong-un (김정은), WPK, SAC, and SPA; 2023-2026 constitution dropped reunification for a two hostile states policy, codified nuclear command, and aligned with Russia.
Politics of Norway
Politics of Norway: constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy under the 1814 Constitution, with the 169-seat Storting, parliamentarianism since 1884, proportional elections every four years, and a Labour government under Jonas Gahr Støre.
Politics of Pakistan
Politics of Pakistan: federal parliamentary republic under the 1973 Constitution, dominated by three parties (PML-N, PTI, PPP) and marked by military rule for 33 of 76 years, coups, the 2022 ouster of Imran Khan, and the 2024 contested election.
Politics of Peru
Politics of Peru: a unitary presidential republic with a fragmented party system, six presidents 2016-2022, a Partly Free Freedom House rating (67/100, 2025), and Keiko Fujimori's narrow 2026 election win restoring bicameralism.
Politics of Poland
Politics of Poland: parliamentary republic with Sejm, Senate, prime minister Donald Tusk, and PiS-nominated President Karol Nawrocki; defined by polarization, rule-of-law crisis, and the 2023 change of government.
Politics of Rhode Island
Politics of Rhode Island: governance under the 1663 Royal Charter, the 1843 constitution after the Dorr Rebellion, General Assembly structure, election law, and Democratic dominance in presidential and state elections.
Politics of Romania
Politics of Romania: semi-presidential republic since the 1989 fall of Ceaușescu, EU member since 2007. Bicameral parliament, PSD-PNL dominance, AUR far-right surge, annulled 2024 presidential vote, and 2025-2026 government crisis.
Politics of Russia
Politics of Russia: authoritarian federal semi-presidential system under President Vladimir Putin (in power since 1999), 1993 constitution, State Duma and Federation Council, United Russia dominance, managed systemic opposition, and 2020 amendments allowing rule to 2036.
Politics of Saudi Arabia
Politics of Saudi Arabia: absolute monarchy under the House of Saud, the 1992 Basic Law (Quran and Sunnah as constitution), Allegiance Council succession, appointed 150-member Shura Council, no parties or national elections, Vision 2030 reforms.
Politics of Saxony-Anhalt
The politics of Saxony-Anhalt, an eastern German state of about 2.1 million people, are organized around a unicameral Landtag and a minister-president leading the government in Magdeburg.
Politics of Singapore
Politics of Singapore: a Westminster-style parliamentary republic whose constitution is supreme law, with an elected President, a Cabinet led by Prime Minister Lawrence Wong, and PAP rule since 1959, rated Partly Free (48/100) and a flawed democracy (EIU 6.18).
Politics of South Africa
Politics of South Africa: constitutional democracy since the 27 April 1994 election ended apartheid; ANC ruled 30 years until losing its majority in 2024, now a 10-party Government of National Unity under the 1996 Constitution.
Politics of South Korea
South Korea is a presidential republic with a unicameral National Assembly. Since its 1987 democratic transition, it has seen regular elections dominated by two broad blocs.
Politics of Spain
Politics of Spain: a parliamentary monarchy governed under the 1978 Constitution, with a bicameral Cortes Generales, 17 Autonomous Communities, a Constitutional Court, and a Socialist-led coalition government that called a snap election for 29 November 2026.
Politics of Switzerland
Politics of Switzerland: the federal, direct-democratic system of the Swiss Confederation. Founded by the 1848 constitution after the Sonderbund War; governed by a seven-member Federal Council and 246-seat Federal Assembly, with 26 cantons and frequent referendums.
Politics of Tanzania
Politics of Tanzania: a unitary presidential republic with a two-tier Union-Zanzibar structure, ruled by Chama Cha Mapinduzi since 1961 independence, multiparty since 1992, and marked by a disputed 2025 election boycotted by Chadema.
Politics of Texas
Politics of Texas: once a one-party Democratic state from Reconstruction until the 1960s, now a Republican stronghold. Republican Party of Texas founded 1867; 1876 constitution; three stages of party competition.
Politics of Thailand
Politics of Thailand: constitutional monarchy under the 2017 constitution, nine coups since 1932, military-appointed Senate, Constitutional Court dissolutions of Future Forward and Move Forward, and the 2023–2026 crisis.
Politics of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Politics of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: semi-presidential system under the 2006 constitution, president Tshisekedi, disputed 2023 elections, M23 rebellion, and Kabila's FRN opposition coalition.
Politics of the Falkland Islands
Politics of the Falkland Islands (Malvinas): internal self-government of a British Overseas Territory of about 3,500 people, the UK–Argentina sovereignty dispute since 1833, the 99.8% 2013 referendum, and the Sea Lion oil dispute at ITLOS.
Politics of the Netherlands
Politics of the Netherlands: a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy since 1848 with a bicameral States General, permanent coalitions, four-tier decentralized government, and a consensus (polder-model) political tradition described by Lijphart and Daalder.
Politics of the Philippines
Politics of the Philippines: presidential republic under the 1987 Constitution, marked by Marcos-era martial law, the 1986 People Power restoration, dynastic patronage politics, and the Marcos–Duterte rift.
Politics of the Republic of Ireland
Politics of the Republic of Ireland: parliamentary democracy under the 1937 Constitution; Oireachtas (President, Dáil, Seanad), PR-STV voting in 43 constituencies, Taoiseach Micheál Martin's FF–FG coalition, President Catherine Connolly.
Politics of the United Arab Emirates
Politics of the United Arab Emirates: federal absolute monarchy of seven emirates formed 2 December 1971, ruled by hereditary emirate rulers through the Federal Supreme Council; no parties, advisory 40-seat FNC, about 90 percent noncitizen population.
Politics of the United Kingdom
Politics of the United Kingdom: constitutional monarchy with parliamentary democracy, uncodified constitution, parliamentary sovereignty, royal prerogative exercised by ministers, Glorious Revolution 1688, devolution.
Politics of the United States
Politics of the United States: the constitutional system of separated powers, federalism, and elections under the U.S. Constitution. Covers three branches, state-administered elections, campaign finance rules, parties from Federalists onward, and polarization trends.