All articles starting with P
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Pro Finlandia
Pro Finlandia (Pro Finlandia -mitali) is a gold-plated silver medal of the Order of the Lion of Finland, established in 1943 and awarded only to artists and authors.
Pro Football Focus
Pro Football Focus (PFF) is a sports analytics company founded in 2006 by Neil Hornsby that grades every player on every play of every NFL and college football game.
Pro Football Hall of Fame
Pro Football Hall of Fame, Canton, Ohio museum honoring pro football's greatest players, coaches, and contributors since 1963; Class of 2026 includes Brees, Fitzgerald, Kuechly, Vinatieri, Craig; selection requires 80% committee approval.
Pro Football Hall of Fame Game
Pro Football Hall of Fame Game: annual NFL preseason opener in Canton, Ohio, first played Aug. 11, 1962 (Giants-Cardinals 21-21 tie); 2026 edition Cardinals vs Panthers, Aug. 6, NBC; canceled 2011, 2016, 2020.
Pro forma
Pro forma (Latin, "for the sake of form") means done as a formality, describes advance documents like the pro forma invoice, and labels hypothetical financial statements projecting transactions under stated assumptions.
Pro Kabaddi League
Pro Kabaddi League (PKL), Indian professional kabaddi league launched 2014 by Mashal Sports and JioStar; 12 franchises, caravan format, second-most watched sports league in India after the IPL; Patna Pirates hold three titles, Dabang Delhi K.C. are reigning champions.
Pro Medicus Limited
Pro Medicus Limited is a Melbourne-based healthcare informatics company founded in 1983 by Sam Hupert and Anthony Hall, selling the Visage 7 imaging platform worldwide.
Pro patria
Pro Patria (Aurora Pro Patria 1919) is an Italian football club from Busto Arsizio, Lombardy, founded 28 February 1919 as Pro Patria et Libertate; a founding 1928-29 Serie A member, refounded after 2009 bankruptcy, now in Serie D.
Pro rata
Pro rata, also known as pro-rate or prorating, is a Latin term meaning "in proportion", used to allocate salaries, insurance premiums, dividends, and bankruptcy payouts proportionally.
Pro se legal representation in the United States
Pro se legal representation in the United States means appearing in court without a lawyer, also called self-representation, guaranteed federally by 28 U.S.C. § 1654. Common in prisoner petitions, family, and civil rights cases; pro se litigants fare far worse than represented ones.
Pro Tools
Pro Tools is a digital audio workstation developed by Avid for music, film, and broadcast audio. It is available in four editions: Intro, Artist, Studio, and Ultimate.
Pro Wrestling Guerrilla
Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), Los Angeles independent wrestling promotion founded 2003 by Super Dragon, Excalibur, and four others; ran Reseda's American Legion Post 308, then Globe Theatre; Battle of Los Angeles flagship; inactive since 2023.
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Pro Wrestling Illustrated (PWI), founded 1979 by Stanley Weston, is a bimonthly American pro wrestling magazine known for kayfabe-style coverage and the annual PWI 500 ranking of the world's top 500 wrestlers, published since 1991, plus the Women's 250 and year-end awards.
Pro Wrestling Noah (プロレスリング・ノア)
Pro Wrestling Noah (プロレスリング・ノア, NOAH) is a major Japanese pro wrestling promotion founded August 5, 2000 by Mitsuharu Misawa after leaving All Japan; since 2020 a CyberFight/CyberAgent brand, home of the GHC titles.
Pro-adrenomedullin
Pro-adrenomedullin (proADM), especially its stable mid-regional fragment MR-proADM, is the precursor of the vasodilatory peptide adrenomedullin and a blood biomarker predicting mortality in sepsis, pneumonia, and critical illness.
Pro-B cell
Pro-B cell: early bone-marrow B-cell precursor (Hardy fractions B and C), first irrevocably B-lineage-committed stage, CD19+ CD43+ c-kitlow IgM−, rearranging Ig heavy-chain genes under EBF, E2A, and Pax5, dependent on CXCL12, IL-7, and stem-cell factor.
PRO-BAC study
PRO-BAC (NCT03148769) is a Spanish prospective multicentre cohort of bloodstream infections in adults from 26 hospitals, October 2016 to March 2017, source of the PROBAC mortality score and many pathogen-specific analyses.
Pro-Cog trial
Pro-Cog (NCT04997226), Cognitive Enhancement in Healthy Elderly People, a Bar-Ilan University trial led by Michal Lavidor testing tDCS/tACS brain stimulation plus cognitive training for memory in adults 55-75, distinct from the probiotic Pro-COG trial NCT07073781.
Pro-Europeanism
Pro-Europeanism is support for the EU and European integration, spanning federalist, functional, and pragmatic varieties among parties and voters, historically rooted in postwar Christian Democracy and federalism, and contested in elections such as 2024.
PRO-FAST trial
PRO-FAST (NCT05936736) is a San Raffaele, Milan single-arm prospective trial of one-day, single-fraction 24 Gy urethral-sparing HDR-like robotic SBRT for localized prostate cancer, testing acute grade ≥3 toxicity in 70 patients.
Pro-like, C-terminal domain
Pro-like, C-terminal domain (ProC-like, C-terminal domain; Pfam Pro_C_rel), CATH superfamily 1.10.1040.20, a mainly-alpha orthogonal-bundle domain at the C-terminus of proline utilization A and related bacterial proteins, non-catalytic but required for PutA active-site integrity.
Pro-opiomelanocortin
Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), a 30-kDa pituitary and hypothalamic prohormone, is cleaved by prohormone convertases into ACTH, MSH peptides, beta-lipotropin, and beta-endorphin, regulating cortisol release, pigmentation, and appetite.
Pro-opiomelanocortin-derived peptides
Pro-opiomelanocortin-derived peptides: ACTH, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-MSH, lipotropins, and beta-endorphin cleaved from the 267-amino-acid POMC precursor by prohormone convertases, regulating stress, pigmentation, and energy homeostasis.
PROactive trial
PROactive (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events), also called PROACTIVE, a 2005 Lancet randomized trial of pioglitazone in 5,238 high-risk type 2 diabetes patients: primary endpoint HR 0.90 (nonsignificant), secondary endpoint HR 0.84 (significant), more heart failure.
Proálcool
Proálcool (Programa Nacional do Álcool) was a Brazilian government program launched in 1975 to replace petroleum fuels with ethanol from sugarcane, becoming the world's largest biofuels program.
Proanthocyanidin
Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) are plant oligomers and polymers of flavan-3-ol units such as catechin and epicatechin, with B-type and A-type linkages, responsible for astringency in wine, tea, and berries, with low oral bioavailability and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cardioprotective activities.
Probabilistic clustering
Probabilistic clustering is a family of unsupervised methods that fits a probability model, typically a finite mixture model, to data and assigns each point to clusters through posterior membership probabilities.
Probabilistic constellation shaping
Probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) is a signal-processing technique for digital modulation in which low-energy QAM constellation points are sent more often, improving spectral efficiency and noise tolerance.
Probabilistic context-free grammar
A probabilistic context-free grammar, also called a stochastic context-free grammar, is a context-free grammar with a probability on each rule, so parse trees can be ranked to pick the most probable parse.
Probabilistic design
Probabilistic design is an engineering methodology that treats loads, material strengths, and dimensions as random variables, sizing structures so their calculated failure probability meets a target reliability.