873 articles
Symbol Digit Modalities Test
The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a brief neuropsychological test of processing speed in which symbols are matched to digits, scored 0 to 110.
Symptom Assessment
Symptom assessment, the evaluation of manifestations of disease (MeSH D063189), covers patient-reported outcome scales like ESAS, the Symptom Questionnaire, and PHQ-15, clinician-patient discrepancies, electronic reporting, and symptom checkers.
Synovial fluid analysis
Synovial fluid analysis is the laboratory examination of fluid aspirated from a joint, covering cell counts, crystals, and cultures to diagnose gout, pseudogout, and septic arthritis.
SYNTAX score
The SYNTAX score is an angiographic scoring system grading the anatomical complexity of coronary artery disease, developed for the SYNTAX trial to help heart teams choose between PCI and bypass surgery.
T. Franklin Williams
T. Franklin Williams (1921–2011) was an American geriatrician, professor at the University of Rochester, and second director of the National Institute on Aging from 1983 to 1991.
Tap test (medicine)
The tap test is a lumbar puncture removing 30–50 mL of cerebrospinal fluid to see whether gait and cognition improve, predicting shunt benefit in normal pressure hydrocephalus.
Tear breakup time
Tear breakup time (TBUT) is a clinical eye test measuring the interval between a blink and the first dry spot on the cornea, a core measure in dry eye diagnosis.
Teledermoscopy
Teledermoscopy is a telemedicine method in dermatology in which dermoscopic images of skin lesions are transmitted to a remote specialist for consultation and triage of suspected skin cancer.
Telemonitoring
Telemonitoring is the remote monitoring of a patient's condition using connected medical devices and sensors, with data transmitted to health workers, often for chronic conditions.
Teller Acuity Cards
Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) are a behavioral vision test measuring grating acuity in infants, toddlers, and other preverbal patients by preferential looking, introduced in 1986.
Tensiomyography
Tensiomyography (TMG) is a non-invasive diagnostic method that measures the radial displacement of a superficial muscle during an electrically evoked twitch, used mainly in sports science.
TERT promoter mutation analysis
TERT promoter mutation analysis is a molecular pathology test detecting C228T and C250T mutations to diagnose and stratify cancers, especially gliomas, bladder cancers, and melanomas.
Testicular self-examination
Testicular self-examination (TSE), also called testicular self-exam, is a monthly self-check of the testicles for lumps or changes. USPSTF recommends against routine screening; NHS advises monthly checks from puberty; no randomized trials show mortality benefit.
Therapeutic drug monitoring
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the measurement of drug concentrations in blood, with pharmacological interpretation, to individualize and adjust dosing for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows.
Thermodilution
Thermodilution is a hemodynamic monitoring technique that measures cardiac output by injecting cold fluid into the bloodstream and recording the temperature change downstream, used in intensive care.
Thomas test
The Thomas test is a physical examination maneuver in which a thigh that fails to rest flat on the table while the opposite hip is flexed indicates a hip flexion contracture.
Throat culture
A throat culture is a diagnostic test that grows bacteria from a throat swab on blood agar; it is the gold standard for diagnosing strep throat, with results in 24 to 48 hours.
Thrombin generation assay
The thrombin generation assay (TGA) is a laboratory hemostasis test measuring how much thrombin plasma produces over time after coagulation is triggered, assessing both bleeding and clotting risk.
Thrombin time
The thrombin time (TT), or thrombin clotting time, is a coagulation blood test measuring how quickly fibrin clots form after thrombin is added to plasma.
Thromboelastometry
Thromboelastometry is a point-of-care viscoelastic test that measures clot formation and strength in whole blood, guiding transfusion and anticoagulant therapy in trauma, cardiac surgery, and obstetric bleeding.
Thyroid feedback quantile-based index
The thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI) is a calculated measure of impaired pituitary sensitivity to free thyroxine, proposed in Diabetes Care in 2018 and ranging from −1 to 1.
Time-to-Treatment
Time-to-treatment (MeSH D061665; door-to-treatment time) is the interval from symptom onset or disease suspicion to start of therapy, combining consultative, diagnostic, and treatment waits; used as a quality metric in cancer, emergency, and elective care.
Timed Up and Go test
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test times a person rising from a chair, walking 3 meters, turning, and sitting back down, screening for fall risk in older adults.
TIMI risk score
The TIMI risk score is a bedside score, 0 to 7, estimating short-term risk of death, heart attack, or urgent revascularization in unstable angina and NSTEMI.
Tinetti test
The Tinetti test, also known as the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), is a clinical assessment scoring balance and gait to estimate fall risk in older adults.
Tissue oximetry
Tissue oximetry is a noninvasive optical technique that measures oxygen saturation within tissue. It utilizes near-infrared spectroscopy to reflect the balance of oxygen supply and demand at the bedside.
TNM staging system
The TNM staging system, also called the TNM classification, classifies cancer by tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis, and is the world's most widely used staging system.
Tonometry
Tonometry is the clinical measurement of intraocular pressure, the fluid pressure inside the eye, used to diagnose ocular hypertension and track the pressure reductions that stop glaucoma progression.
Trabecular bone score
The trabecular bone score (TBS) is a software-derived index of bone texture computed from routine lumbar spine DXA scans, which complements bone density in assessing fracture risk.
Transcription-mediated amplification
Transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) is an isothermal nucleic acid amplification method that uses two enzymes to amplify RNA or DNA targets for pathogen detection and blood screening.