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Abortion in the United Kingdom
Abortion in the United Kingdom: lawful in England, Scotland, and Wales under the Abortion Act 1967 with a two-doctor requirement and 24-week limit; decriminalised in Northern Ireland in 2019; 277,970 abortions in England and Wales in 2023.
Abortion statistics in the United States
US abortion statistics from CDC surveillance, Guttmacher Institute surveys, and #WeCount: about 1.03–1.14 million abortions annually post-Dobbs, medication abortion 63%, telehealth 27%, with state-level divergence after bans.
Above-knee amputation
Above-knee amputation, also called transfemoral amputation, is an operation that removes the leg by cutting the femur above the knee, most often for diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, or trauma.
ABP-671
ABP-671 (lingdolinurad) is an oral URAT1 inhibitor by Atom Therapeutics for gout and hyperuricemia, showing superior serum uric acid lowering versus febuxostat in Phase 2b and entering Phase 3 in China and globally.
Abraham Jacobi
Abraham Jacobi (1830–1919) was a German-born American physician, a political refugee of 1848, known as the father of American pediatrics for founding its first chair, clinic, and societies.
Abraham M. Rudolph
Abraham M. Rudolph, born Abraham Morris Rudolph, was a South African-born American pediatric cardiologist at UCSF whose fetal sheep studies shaped modern knowledge of fetal circulation.
Abraham Verghese
Abraham Verghese, born 1955 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, is an American physician and professor at Stanford known for the bestseller Cutting for Stone and for advocating the physical examination.
Abrasion of elbow
Abrasion of elbow (ICD-11 NC30.0, ICD-10-CM S50) is a superficial friction injury scraping the skin over the elbow; graded by depth, treated with irrigation, topical antibiotic, and occlusive dressing, healing in 7 to 14 days.
Abrasion of knee
Abrasion of knee (ICD-11 NC90.0): superficial friction wound scraping off the epidermis over the knee, also called a skinned knee or road rash; treated by irrigation, moist dressings, and infection watch.
Abrasion of scalp
Abrasion of scalp is a superficial injury where friction, impact, or pressure scrapes away the outer layer of scalp skin, coded ICD-11 NA00.00 and ICD-10-CM S00.01.
Abrasion of teeth
Abrasion of teeth (ICD-10 K03.1, ICD-11 DA08.11) is non-carious tooth surface loss from friction with objects other than teeth, chiefly toothbrushing with abrasive dentifrice, distinct from attrition, erosion, and abfraction.
Abrocitinib
Abrocitinib (Cibinqo) is Pfizer's oral once-daily JAK1 inhibitor for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adults and adolescents 12+, first approved in the UK in September 2021 and by the FDA in January 2022, dosed 100-200 mg daily with a boxed warning for infections, malignancy, MACE, and thrombosis.
ABroProMida trial
ABroProMida (NCT06736938; EU CT 2024-518820-65-00) is a single-center Italian randomized trial comparing propofol/pethidine versus midazolam/pethidine sedation in 530 adults undergoing elective bronchoscopy, with desaturation index as the primary endpoint.
Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome
Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome (ABERS, CHARGE-like syndrome) is an extremely rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by TBX22 mutations, featuring cleft palate, coloboma, hypospadias, hearing loss, short stature, and radioulnar synostosis.
Abscess
Abscess: a pus-filled cavity in tissue, usually skin; primary skin abscesses are dominated by Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA strain USA300. Main treatment is incision and drainage, with TMP-SMX or clindamycin as adjunctive antibiotics.
Abscess of external ear
Abscess of external ear (ICD-11 AA00; ICD-10 H60.0) is a fluctuant pus collection in the ear canal or pinna, usually from Staphylococcus aureus after piercing, surgery, or trauma; treated by incision, drainage, and antibiotics.
Abscess of eyelid
Abscess of eyelid (ICD-11 9A01.1), a pus collection in eyelid tissue, usually staphylococcal; includes hordeolum and abscess complicating preseptal cellulitis, treated by incision and drainage plus antibiotics.
Abscess of liver
A liver abscess is a pus-filled collection in the liver caused by bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection, presenting with fever and right upper quadrant pain.
Abscess of lung with pneumonia
Abscess of lung with pneumonia (ICD-11 CA43.1; ICD-10 J85.1): a pus-filled cavitary lung infection occurring with pneumonia, usually aspiration-related and polymicrobial, treated with prolonged antibiotics and drainage in about 10% of cases.
Abscess of lung without pneumonia
Abscess of lung without pneumonia (ICD-11 CA43.2, ICD-10 J85.2) is a pus-filled cavitary lung infection coded separately from abscess with pneumonia; usually anaerobic, treated with antibiotics, drainage if refractory.
Abscess of mediastinum
Abscess of mediastinum: localized pus in the mediastinum, usually from esophageal perforation, chest surgery, or descending neck infection; diagnosed by contrast CT, treated with drainage, debridement, antibiotics; mortality up to 40% if delayed.
Abscess of prostate
Abscess of prostate (prostatic abscess): a localized pus collection in the prostate, usually a complication of acute bacterial prostatitis. Incidence 0.2–0.5%, mortality about 1%; E. coli predominates; treated with antibiotics plus drainage.
Abscess of salivary gland
Abscess of salivary gland (ICD-11 DA04.3), also called parotid or submandibular abscess: a pus collection within a salivary gland from bacterial sialadenitis or duct obstruction, treated with antibiotics and drainage.
Abscess of spleen
Abscess of spleen (splenic abscess, ICD-11 3B81.71): a rare pus-forming infection of the spleen, incidence 0.1–0.7%, usually from hematogenous spread; treated with antibiotics, percutaneous drainage, or splenectomy.
Abscess of thymus
Abscess of thymus (suppuration of thymus), ICD-11 4B40.1 and ICD-10-CM E32.1, is a rare pus-forming infection of the thymus, seen in neonates, immunocompromised patients, or from adjacent infection, diagnosed by CT or MRI.
Abscess of vulva
Abscess of vulva (ICD-11 GA00.2) is a pus collection in the external female genitalia, most often a Bartholin gland abscess affecting about 2% of women; treated by drainage, Word catheter, or marsupialization.
Absence of diaphragm
Absence of diaphragm, or diaphragmatic agenesis (ICD-11 LB00.1), is a rare congenital complete or partial absence of the diaphragm at the severe end of the congenital diaphragmatic hernia spectrum, with 54% neonatal survival and mandatory patch repair.
Absence of innominate vein
Absence of innominate vein is a rare congenital anomaly in which the left brachiocephalic vein is absent, usually asymptomatic and typically found incidentally on imaging or during surgery.
Absence of the pulmonary artery
Absence of the pulmonary artery (unilateral absent pulmonary artery, UAPA, pulmonary artery agenesis) is a rare congenital anomaly in which the right or left pulmonary artery is missing, often with tetralogy of Fallot, causing hemoptysis, recurrent infections, and pulmonary hypertension.
Absence seizure
Absence seizure (petit mal): a generalized-onset epileptic seizure with sudden brief loss of awareness, blank stare, and 3 Hz spike-wave EEG, occurring mainly in children 4 to 12, treated with ethosuximide or valproic acid.