Human health and medicine

Brhat Visamajvarantaka Lauha

Bṛhat viṣamajvarāntaka lauha (Brihat Vishama Jwarantak Lauh), an Ayurvedic herbo-mineral iron formulation (Lauha Kalpa, AFI000526, 125 mg dose) with 24 ingredients including Lauha Bhasma, calcined metals, mercury, and fever herbs, indicated for irregular fevers (vishama jvara).

Brhatgarbhacintamani rasa

Brhatgarbhacintamani rasa (Brihat Garbhachintamani Rasa, ब्रहत गर्भचिंतामणी रस), a classical Ayurvedic herbomineral tablet from Bhaishajyaratnavalli, used in pregnancy; contains gold, mercury, and other bhasmas; AFI dosage 250 mg.

Briakinumab

Briakinumab (ABT-874, J695) is a fully human anti-IL-12/23p40 monoclonal antibody developed by Abbott for psoriasis and Crohn's disease; efficacious in psoriasis but withdrawn in 2011 and never marketed.

Brian Christine

Brian Christine, American urologist and Admiral; 18th Assistant Secretary for Health at HHS and head of the USPHS Commissioned Corps; confirmed October 7, 2025; formerly men's health surgeon at Urology Centers of Alabama.

Bridge Therapy

Bridge therapy is treatment used in a transition between former and new therapeutic regimes (MeSH D000093142, 2023). Covers perioperative heparin bridging, CAR-T bridging, bridge clinics for opioid use disorder, and social-work transitional care models.

Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia

Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI) is a four-session behavioral psychotherapy for chronic insomnia, using sleep restriction, stimulus control, and sleep education, designed for delivery in primary care.

Brief intervention

A brief intervention is a short, structured counseling conversation, usually after screening, that motivates a person to reduce risky alcohol, tobacco, or other substance use.

Brief Pain Inventory

The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-report questionnaire measuring pain severity and interference with daily functioning, developed for cancer patients and widely used in chronic pain research.

Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale

The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is a clinician-rated scale measuring the severity of psychiatric symptoms, introduced by Overall and Gorham in 1962 and used mainly in research.

Brigatinib

Brigatinib (Alunbrig) is an oral second-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor for ALK-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, FDA accelerated-approved 28 April 2017 after crizotinib, dosed 90 mg for 7 days then 180 mg daily.

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), Boston teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and Mass General Brigham founding member; formed 1980 from Peter Bent Brigham, Robert Breck Brigham, and Boston Hospital for Women; kidney transplant and Nurses' Health Study site.

Bright's disease

Bright's disease (morbus Brightii), a historical term named for Richard Bright, covered proteinuric kidney disease from his 1827 Reports of Medical Cases until renal biopsy replaced it with glomerulonephritis and modern diagnoses in the 1950s.

Brigimadlin

Brigimadlin (BI 907828) is Boehringer Ingelheim's oral spiro-oxindole MDM2-p53 antagonist for TP53 wild-type, MDM2-amplified cancers; its phase III Brightline-1 trial in dedifferentiated liposarcoma missed its PFS endpoint.

Brimapitide

Brimapitide (D-JNKI-1, AM-111, XG-102) is a 31-mer all-D cell-penetrating peptide JNK inhibitor developed by Xigen for sudden sensorineural hearing loss and postoperative ocular inflammation; Phase 3 trials completed without published efficacy.

Brincidofovir

Brincidofovir (Tembexa, CMX001), a lipid conjugate of cidofovir, is an oral orthopoxvirus DNA polymerase inhibitor FDA-approved June 2021 to treat smallpox under the Animal Rule; not approved for mpox.

Brine shrimp lethality test

The brine shrimp lethality test is a bench-top bioassay that measures the concentration of an extract or compound needed to kill half of laboratory-hatched brine shrimp larvae.

Brinzolamide

Brinzolamide (Azopt; Simbrinza with brimonidine) is a topical carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor eye drop lowering intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension; FDA-approved 1998, dosed one drop two to three times daily, common effects blurred vision and dysgeusia.

Bristol Myers Squibb

Bristol Myers Squibb (BMY), formed by the 1989 Bristol-Myers and Squibb merger, is a Princeton, New Jersey biopharmaceutical company with $48.2 billion 2025 revenues, led by Eliquis and Opdivo, and CEO Chris Boerner.

Bristol stool scale

Bristol stool scale (Bristol Stool Form Scale, BSFS): seven-type medical tool classifying human feces from type 1 hard lumps to type 7 watery diarrhea; types 3-5 normal; developed at Bristol Royal Infirmary, validated for transit time by Lewis and Heaton in 1997.

BRITE trial

BRITE (NCT01261325, N01358) is UCB Pharma's Phase 3 trial of adjunctive brivaracetam 100 and 200 mg/day versus placebo in 768 adults with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures; both doses reduced seizure frequency about 23% over placebo.

British Heart Foundation

British Heart Foundation (BHF), UK heart charity founded July 1961, charity 225971; largest independent funder of cardiovascular research, over 670 shops, Heart Helpline, The Circuit defibrillator network, led by CEO Charmaine Griffiths.

British Nuclear Medicine Society

British Nuclear Medicine Society (BNMS), UK professional society and charity (no. 1150234) for nuclear medicine; founded 1966 as the Nuclear Medicine Society at the Prince Alfred pub, London, renamed 1969; publishes Nuclear Medicine Communications and clinical guidelines.

British Thoracic Society

British Thoracic Society (BTS), UK professional body for respiratory medicine, formed 1982 by merger of the Thoracic Society and British Thoracic Association; publishes Thorax, guidelines, audits; over 5,000 members.

Britt Rescigno

Britt Rescigno, the "Angry Italian," is a South Jersey-born Food Network chef who won Chopped, Beat Bobby Flay, and Guy's Grocery Games, competed on Tournament of Champions, and co-owns Fiamma in Ketchum, Idaho, with wife Kinsey Leodler-Rescigno.

Brittle cornea syndrome

Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS, Ehlers-Danlos type 6B) is a rare autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder causing extreme corneal thinning, blue sclerae, and spontaneous ocular rupture, caused by ZNF469 or PRDM5 mutations.

Brivanib alaninate

Brivanib alaninate (BMS-582664) is the oral l-alanine ester prodrug of brivanib, a dual VEGFR/FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb; its phase III HCC trials BRISK-FL and BRISK-PS missed their primary end points and the drug was never approved.