Human health and medicine

Emergency Room Visits

Emergency room visits are patient visits to hospital emergency rooms for diagnosis and treatment, a term formalized in MeSH in 2024; US departments handle roughly 155 million visits a year.

Emergency Shelter

An emergency shelter is temporary protection and accommodation provided immediately after a disaster or displacement, ranging from family tents and plastic sheeting to collective centers.

Emergency ultrasound, often called point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), is bedside ultrasound performed and interpreted by the treating clinician to answer specific questions, such as whether a trauma patient has internal bleeding.

Emergomycosis

Emergomycosis, also called disseminated emmonsiosis, is a systemic infection by the dimorphic fungus Emergomyces, chiefly E. africanus in South Africa, affecting immunocompromised patients, especially advanced HIV, with about 43% mortality and amphotericin B plus itraconazole treatment.

Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD), also called Emery-Dreifuss syndrome, is a rare inherited muscular dystrophy with early contractures, humeroperoneal weakness, and cardiac conduction disease; genes include EMD, LMNA, FHL1, SYNE1/2, TMEM43, SUN1/2.

eMESH study

eMESH study refers to two unrelated clinical trials: EMESH 1 (NCT01676376), a feasibility study of the Kips Bay Medical eSVS Mesh external vein support for saphenous vein grafts in CABG, and eMESH Struct. 2022-23 (NCT05202938), a Sherbrooke observational PET study of cardiac energy metabolism in septic shock and heart failure.

Emestedastat (Xanamem)

Emestedastat (Xanamem, UE2343) is Actinogen Medical's oral brain-penetrant 11β-HSD1 inhibitor lowering brain cortisol, in Phase 2b/3 trials for Alzheimer's disease (XanaMIA, topline November 2026) and depression; not approved anywhere.

Emetophobia

Emetophobia, or specific phobia of vomiting, is an anxiety disorder classified under specific phobias in DSM-5 and ICD-11. It mostly begins in childhood, affects far more women than men, and is treated mainly with exposure-based CBT.

Oct 20, 2026

EMG-COVID study

EMG-COVID (NCT05572853) is a completed Brazilian cross-sectional study of surface electromyography of respiratory muscles in 74 ICU COVID-19 patients on low-flow oxygen, stratified by SpO2/FiO2 ratio.

Emicizumab

Emicizumab (Hemlibra, ACE 910) is a subcutaneous bispecific IgG4 antibody bridging FIXa and FX to mimic factor VIIIa for hemophilia A prophylaxis, with or without FVIII inhibitors; HAVEN trials showed 87-97% bleeding-rate reductions.

Emily English

Emily English, known as Em the Nutritionist, is a British nutritionist and author of the Sunday Times bestselling cookbooks So Good and Live to Eat.

Emiplacel

Emiplacel (PLX-PAD) is an allogeneic, placenta-derived mesenchymal-like adherent stromal cell therapy (UNII DPX6XLD4X1) developed by Pluristem/Pluri, tested in phase III trials for critical limb ischemia and hip fracture muscle recovery.

Emission computed tomography

Emission computed tomography (ECT) is a nuclear medicine method that reconstructs 3D images of injected radioactive tracers for diagnosis and treatment planning, with SPECT and PET as its two branches.

Emixustat

Emixustat (ACU-4429, emixustat hydrochloride) is an oral nonretinoid RPE65 visual cycle inhibitor developed by Acucela for geographic atrophy and Stargardt disease; it failed to slow GA growth in the SEATTLE trial and is unapproved.

Emma Lovewell

Emma Lovewell is an American fitness instructor, author, and former professional dancer known as a senior instructor at Peloton since 2017, founder of Live Learn Lovewell, and author of the 2024 memoir Live Learn Love Well.

Emmetropia

Emmetropia, from Greek emmetros, is the normal refractive state of the eye: parallel rays focus on the relaxed retina, far point at infinity, opposite of ametropia, reached via emmetropization.

Emotional dumping

Emotional dumping, also called trauma dumping, is the informal, non-clinical term for sharing traumatic or emotionally intense experiences without the listener's consent, timing, or capacity in mind, contrasted with healthy venting and linked in research to co-rumination.

Emotional eating

Emotional eating: eating or overeating in response to emotions rather than hunger. Measured with DEBQ, EES, TFEQ questionnaires; scale validity contested; psychological interventions reduce EE (SMD -0.99) and weight (-4.09 kg).

Emotional Freedom Techniques

Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT, tapping), developed by Gary Craig in the 1990s from Callahan's Thought Field Therapy, combines exposure and cognitive therapy with acupoint tapping; meta-analyses show large effects for PTSD, anxiety, and depression versus waitlist, smaller versus active controls.

Emotionally focused therapy

Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), also called EFCT for couples, is an attachment-based psychotherapy developed by Sue Johnson and Les Greenberg in the 1980s, structured in three stages and nine steps, with meta-analytic support for treating couple distress.

Empagliflozin

Empagliflozin (Jardiance), an SGLT2 inhibitor by Boehringer Ingelheim approved in 2014, treats type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease, reducing cardiovascular death, HF hospitalization, and kidney disease progression.

Empathy in autistic people

Empathy in autistic people: research on cognitive and affective empathy in autism, meta-analytic effect sizes, alexithymia confounds, and Milton's double empathy problem (2012).

EMPHASIS trial

EMPHASIS: phase 3 Lancet 2026 trial (Lu et al., NCT05836740) of oral minocycline within 72 h of acute ischaemic stroke in 1,724 Chinese patients; mRS 0-1 at 90 days 52.6% vs 47.4%, no safety concerns.

EMPHASIS-HF trial

EMPHASIS-HF, the Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survival Study in Heart Failure, tested eplerenone in 2,737 patients with mild systolic heart failure and stopped early for benefit.

Emphysema

Emphysema, also called pulmonary emphysema, is a type of COPD in which alveolar walls are destroyed, mainly by smoking or alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; diagnosed by spirometry and CT, treated with bronchodilators, oxygen, and lung volume reduction.

Empiric antibiotic therapy

Empiric antibiotic therapy is the practice of starting antibiotics for a suspected bacterial infection before the pathogen and its susceptibilities are known, later narrowing the regimen.

Empirical antibiotic therapy

Empirical antibiotic therapy is the initial antibiotic regimen for a suspected bacterial infection, chosen before the pathogen and its susceptibilities are known, and later narrowed based on culture results.

Employees' State Insurance

Employees' State Insurance (कर्मचारी राज्य बीमा, Karmachari Rajya Bima Yojana) is India's 1948 social insurance scheme for organized-sector workers, run by ESIC, providing medical, sickness, maternity, disablement and dependant benefits funded by employer and employee contributions.

Empty nose syndrome

Empty nose syndrome (ENS), coined by Kern and Stenkvist in 1994, is an iatrogenic disorder after turbinate surgery causing paradoxical nasal obstruction despite a patent airway; diagnosed by ENS6Q and cotton test, treated with implants and IMAP.