25,729 articles
Emapalumab
Emapalumab (Gamifant) is a fully human anti-interferon-gamma monoclonal antibody, the first FDA-approved drug (November 2018) for primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis refractory to conventional therapy, later expanded to HLH/MAS in Still's disease; the EMA refused European approval.
Emasculation
Emasculation: surgical removal of a male's external genitalia (penis, testes, scrotum), distinct from castration (testes only). Historically created eunuchs in China, Rome, Byzantium; today orchiectomy treats cancer and serves gender-affirming care.
Emavusertib
Emavusertib (CA-4948, AU-4948) is Curis's oral, reversible IRAK4 kinase inhibitor, also active against FLT3 and CLK kinases, in Phase 1/2 TakeAim trials for PCNSL, AML/MDS, and CLL.
EMB-06
EMB-06 (cizutamig, later CND106) is EpimAb's tetravalent BCMA×CD3 FIT-Ig bispecific T-cell engager; Phase 1 in myeloma showed 39.5% ORR, 25% low-grade CRS, no ICANS, and autoimmune development via Vignette Bio and Candid.
Embalming
Embalming is the chemical preservation of a dead body, today via formaldehyde arterial injection, and in ancient Egypt as mummification with natron and canopic jars; regulated by OSHA formaldehyde limits and the FTC Funeral Rule.
EMBARC trial
EMBARC (Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response in Clinical Care) was a US, multisite randomized trial testing whether clinical and biological markers predict antidepressant response in major depression.
Embedded teeth
Embedded teeth (ICD-10 K01.0, ICD-11 DA07.7) are teeth that fail to erupt despite sufficient space, in milk or adult dentitions; distinct from impacted teeth (DA07.8), treated by surgical exposure and orthodontic traction.
Embolectomy
Embolectomy is the removal of an embolus, a blood clot that formed in one vessel and lodged elsewhere, done by open surgery, balloon catheter, or aspiration.
Embolic Protection Devices
Embolic protection devices capture or deflect dislodged debris during angioplasty, stenting, and TAVR. Three classes: distal occlusion balloons, distal filters, proximal occlusion. Class I indication in vein grafts; TAVR benefit unproven in RCTs.
Embolic stroke of undetermined source
Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), a 2014-defined subset of cryptogenic ischemic stroke: non-lacunar, embolic-appearing, no atrial fibrillation, no ≥50% stenosis, no cardioembolic source after workup; anticoagulation trials failed.
Embolism
Embolism: sudden vessel blockage by a detached mass (embolus), a term coined by Virchow. Most common form is pulmonary embolism from deep vein thrombosis; other types include fat, air, tumor, and amniotic fluid emboli.
Embolization
Embolization (embolotherapy): minimally invasive transcatheter occlusion of blood vessels using particles, liquids, coils, or gels to stop bleeding, starve tumors, or treat AVMs and aneurysms.
Embolus
Embolus: material (usually a thrombus fragment, also fat, air, tumor, amniotic fluid, septic matter) traveling in blood and blocking a vessel; Virchow coined the term in the 1850s; pulmonary embolism is the most common form.
EMBRACE trial (NCT07628686)
EMBRACE (NCT07628686), "From Vulnerable to Empowered", is a randomized, investigator-blinded Portuguese prevention trial of a multicomponent program against age-related decline, running June 2026 to May 2029, distinct from other EMBRACE-named trials.
Embryo biopsy
Embryo biopsy is a laboratory procedure in assisted reproduction in which cells are removed from an oocyte, zygote, or embryo for genetic testing before transfer.
Embryonal carcinoma
Embryonal carcinoma, a non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor of testis, ovary, or extragonadal sites, marked by primitive epithelial cells, high mitotic activity, AFP and hCG secretion, and GCNIS-derived classification.
Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes
Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), formerly ETANTR, ependymoblastoma, or medulloepithelioma, is a WHO grade IV infant brain tumor defined by C19MC amplification (~90%), TTYH1-C19MC fusion, LIN28A expression, or rare DICER1 mutations, with survival below 30% at 5 years.
Embryonic cyst of cervix
Embryonic cyst of cervix (ICD-11 LB43.0; ICD-10-CM Q51.6), a congenital cervical cyst from persistent embryonic cell clusters or Wolffian duct remnants, distinguished from acquired nabothian cysts.
Emcure Pharmaceuticals
Emcure Pharmaceuticals Limited (NSE: EMCURE) is a Pune-based Indian pharmaceutical company founded by Satish Mehta in 1981, known for branded generics, complex injectables, Gennova's mRNA vaccine, its July 2024 IPO, and the Poviztra Wegovy partnership with Novo Nordisk.
Emedastine
Emedastine (Emadine) is a selective H1 antihistamine eye drop, 0.05% emedastine difumarate, for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis; FDA approved 1997 (discontinued), EU authorized 1999, used twice daily in adults and children 3+.
Emepronium
Emepronium (Cetiprin, emepronium bromide or carrageenate) is a quaternary ammonium muscarinic antagonist, ATC G04BD01, formerly used in Europe for urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence, later discontinued.
EMERGE-Cryo trial
EMERGE-Cryo (NCT05294445), also called EMERGE Cryo, is a German randomized trial of first-line cryoballoon ablation versus antiarrhythmic drugs in 350 emergency department patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation.
Emergency contraception
Emergency contraception: post-coital pregnancy prevention methods, including ulipristal acetate (ella/ellaOne), levonorgestrel (Plan B), the copper IUD, and the Yuzpe regimen, with mechanisms, efficacy, BMI effects, access rules, and the 2022 FDA nonabortifacient label change.
Emergency department
Emergency department (ED, ER, A&E): hospital unit for unscheduled acute care, open 24/7. Key facts: acuity triage (ESI, IITT), crowding driven by inpatient boarding, urgent care centers divert some ED visits.
Emergency medical dispatch
Emergency medical dispatch (EMD) is the process in emergency medical services in which call takers triage emergency calls and give callers pre-arrival instructions before responders arrive.
Emergency medical services
Emergency medical services (EMS): organized system delivering prehospital emergency care from call to hospital handover. Key facts: Larrey's 1794 system, Cincinnati 1865 first civilian ambulance, 1966 NAS report, NHTSA oversight, WHO 2025 ambulance guidance.
Emergency medical technician
An emergency medical technician (EMT) is a basic life support clinician on the American EMS workforce ladder, assessing patients and providing care and ambulance transport.
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act
EMTALA, the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act, is a 1986 US federal law (COBRA, Social Security Act Section 1867) requiring Medicare-participating hospital emergency departments to screen, stabilize, and appropriately transfer all patients regardless of ability to pay, enforced by CMS and the HHS OIG.
Emergency medicine
Emergency medicine: medical specialty for unscheduled evaluation, treatment, and prevention of unexpected illness and injury. Also called EM; recognized as the 23rd US medical specialty in 1979; spans prehospital EMS, triage, and emergency department care.
Emergency radiology
Emergency radiology is a subspecialty of radiology focused on imaging acutely ill and trauma patients in the emergency department, where speed and diagnostic accuracy shape urgent clinical decisions.