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Exudative retinopathy
Exudative retinopathy (exudative retinal detachment, ICD-10 H35.02, ICD-11 9B78.11) is subretinal fluid accumulation from blood-retinal barrier breakdown without retinal breaks; causes include uveitis, Coats disease, FEVR, tumors, and hypertension.
ExVive
ExVive is a line of 3D bioprinted human tissue models developed by Organovo of San Diego. Its flagship ExVive Human Liver is used for drug toxicity testing and disease modeling.
Eye
Eye: the organ that focuses light through cornea, pupil, and lens onto the retina, sending signals via the optic nerve to the brain; camera eyes evolved convergently in vertebrates and cephalopods, and vision impairment affects over 2.2 billion people.
Eye (institution)
Eye (journal of ophthalmology, formerly Transactions of the Ophthalmological Societies of the United Kingdom) is a bimonthly Springer Nature peer-reviewed ophthalmology journal in London, ISSN 0950-222X, JIF 4.4 (2025), partnered with the Royal College of Ophthalmologists.
Eye Axial Length
Eye axial length: distance from cornea to retina, normally about 23.5 mm (22-24.5 mm). Longer in myopia, shorter in hyperopia; measured by A-scan ultrasound or optical biometry (PCI, SS-OCT) for IOL calculation and myopia control.
Eye chart
Eye chart: graded optotype display for measuring visual acuity, chiefly the Snellen chart (1862, Hermann Snellen) at 20 feet and the 1982 logMAR ETDRS research standard.
Eye discharge
Eye discharge (eye mucus, ICD-11 MC14): mucus, pus, or excess tears from the eye. Normal as sleep crust; abnormal color, texture, or amount signals conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, stye, or dry eye.
Eye disease
An eye disease, also called an eye condition, is any condition that damages the eye or surrounding tissues and impairs vision, from conjunctivitis to cataract and glaucoma.
Eye Evisceration
Evisceration is an eye-removal operation that empties the eye of its internal contents while leaving the scleral shell, muscles, and orbit intact, first described in 1817.
Eye examination
Eye examination: comprehensive adult medical eye evaluation (AAO Preferred Practice Pattern), including history, visual acuity, slit lamp, tonometry, dilation, and fundus exam; differs from simple vision screening, which USPSTF finds insufficient evidence for in older adults.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), also called EMD therapy, is an eight-phase psychotherapy developed by Francine Shapiro in 1987 for PTSD, using bilateral eye movements; guideline-recommended but with debated mechanisms and low-certainty evidence.
Eye movement in music reading
Eye movement in music reading studies fixations and saccades over musical notation. Experts show shorter fixations (meta-analytic g = -0.72), read about two beats ahead, and skip notes; other measures vary by task.
Eye movement in reading
Eye movement in reading: saccades and fixations (with 5–20% regressions) by which eyes sample text; covers perceptual span, parafoveal preview, E-Z Reader and SWIFT models, and dyslexia screening.
Eye Movement Measurements
Eye movement measurements: methods for recording eye movements (MeSH D053483, 2007), spanning electro-oculography, scleral search coil, infrared oculography, and video-oculography, used clinically and in wearable eye tracking.
Eye Movements
Eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vergence, and vestibulo-ocular movements that shift or stabilize gaze on the fovea; controlled by brainstem, superior colliculus, and cerebellum, and measured by eye tracking.
Eye surgery
Eye surgery covers procedures on the eye, from cataract extraction (couching to phacoemulsification, Ridley's 1949 IOL) to LASIK, retinal, and glaucoma surgery; cataract surgery is the leading global blindness treatment.
Eye tracking
Eye tracking, also called gaze tracking, is the measurement of eye position and movement over time, most often by video-oculography, which tracks the pupil and a corneal reflection.
Eyeball deformity
Eyeball deformity (ICD-11 9C22) covers abnormal globe size, shape, structure, or position: congenital anophthalmia, microphthalmia, buphthalmos, staphyloma, phthisis bulbi, enophthalmos, and proptosis.
Eyebrow
The eyebrow (Ögonbryn) is the strip of terminal hair above each eye socket that shades the eye; mobile human eyebrows play a central role in facial expression and social communication.
Eyeglass prescription
Eyeglass prescription: written spectacle lens order (sphere, cylinder, axis, add, prism, PD) from a refractive eye exam, issued by ophthalmologists or optometrists; distinct from contact lens prescriptions, US release rules, 2024 FTC amendments.
Eyelid
Eyelid (palpebra): the thin skin-muscle fold protecting the eye and spreading the tear film. Key facts: thinnest body skin, tarsal plates, meibomian glands, levator and orbicularis muscles, blepharitis, blepharoplasty.
Eyelid avulsion
Eyelid avulsion (ICD-11 NA06.00): traumatic tearing away of part or all of an eyelid, usually from blunt trauma, often with canalicular injury; repaired with stenting, flaps, or grafts.
Eyelid nystagmus
Eyelid nystagmus (lid nystagmus), ICD-11 9C84.6, is a rare slow rhythmic involuntary oscillation of the upper eyelids via the levator palpebrae, first described by Pick in 1916, occurring in convergence-evoked, gaze-evoked, and ocular-nystagmus-coupled forms linked to brainstem or cerebellar lesions.
Eyelid retraction
Eyelid retraction: abnormally high upper or low lower lid position, mostly from thyroid eye disease; causes exposure keratopathy; treated with lubrication, injections, or retractor-lengthening surgery (85% success).
Eyelid sebaceous carcinoma
Eyelid sebaceous carcinoma, also called sebaceous gland carcinoma or meibomian gland carcinoma, is a rare, aggressive eyelid cancer of the oil glands, frequently misdiagnosed and treated mainly with Mohs surgery.
Eyelid trauma
Eyelid trauma is injury to eyelid tissues from blunt or penetrating forces, from black eyes to lacerations, and frequently accompanies eye or orbital injuries needing urgent evaluation.
Ezabenlimab
Ezabenlimab (BI 754091) is a humanized IgG4 kappa anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody from Boehringer Ingelheim that blocks PD-1 binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2; Phase I trials set a 240 mg Q3W dose with 16.2% response rate in solid tumors.
Ezetimibe
Ezetimibe (Zetia, Ezetrol) is a non-statin cholesterol absorption inhibitor approved by the FDA in 2002. It lowers LDL-C about 25% with statins, modestly reduces cardiovascular events (IMPROVE-IT), and is a guideline-recommended statin add-on.
Ezogabine
Ezogabine (retigabine; Potiga, Trobalt), a Kv7 potassium channel opener anticonvulsant, was approved in 2011 for adjunctive treatment of adult partial-onset seizures and discontinued in 2017 over blue skin discoloration and retinal pigment changes.
Ezra C. Davidson Jr.
Ezra C. Davidson Jr. was an obstetrician-gynecologist who chaired the department at Charles R. Drew University in Los Angeles and led the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.