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Foreign body in colon
Foreign body in colon (ICD-11 ND73.4): an object in the large intestine, swallowed or inserted. Mostly men (37:1), household objects 42.2%, rising US incidence, managed by observation, endoscopy, or stepwise surgery.
Foreign body in conjunctival sac
Foreign body in conjunctival sac (ICD-10 T15.1, ICD-11 ND70.1): external material such as dust, metal, or glass lodged in the conjunctival sac between eyeball and eyelids; removed by irrigation or moist cotton applicator after anesthetic.
Foreign body in ear
Foreign body in ear (ICD-11 ND71): an object lodged in the external auditory canal, common in children (beads, food, toys) and adults (insects, hearing aid parts). Button batteries are urgent; removal uses irrigation, suction, or instruments.
Foreign body in genitourinary tract
Foreign body in genitourinary tract (ICD-11 ND74): object in urethra, bladder, vagina, or uterus, usually self-inserted for autoerotic reasons; causes dysuria, hematuria, infection; removed endoscopically or by open surgery.
Foreign body in larynx
Foreign body in larynx (ICD-11 ND72.3): an inhaled object lodged in the larynx, presenting with stridor, hoarseness, and respiratory distress; most aspirated objects lodge lower, in the bronchi.
Foreign body in mouth
Foreign body in mouth (ICD-11 ND73.0): a retained object such as a fish bone, coin, or dental instrument in the oral cavity. Most ingested objects pass spontaneously in 3 to 7 days; batteries, magnets, and sharp objects need urgent removal.
Foreign body in nasal sinus
Foreign body in nasal sinus (ICD-10 T17.0, ICD-11 ND72.0): an object, usually a tooth root or dental implant displaced during dental treatment, lodged in a paranasal sinus, most often the maxillary sinus; removed surgically, increasingly by endoscopic sinus surgery.
Foreign body in oesophagus
A foreign body in the esophagus is an ingested object or food bolus lodged in the esophagus, which is the most common site of impaction in the gastrointestinal tract.
Foreign body in pharynx
Foreign body in pharynx (ICD-10-CM T17.2; ICD-11 ND72.2): an object, food bolus, or mucus lodged in the throat. Fish bones and food boluses are typical; clinical exam and indirect laryngoscopy outperform routine radiography; endoscopy removes most retained bodies.
Foreign body in respiratory tract
Foreign body in respiratory tract (ICD-11 ND72): an inhaled object lodged in nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, or bronchi. Mostly children under 3; peanuts and food most common; treated by back slaps, abdominal thrusts, and bronchoscopic removal.
Foreign body in small intestine
Foreign body in small intestine (ICD-11 ND73.3): impaction or retention of a swallowed object, phytobezoar, or trichobezoar in the small bowel; 80-90% pass spontaneously, complications include obstruction, perforation, and sepsis.
Foreign body in stomach
Foreign body in stomach (ICD-11 ND73.2): retention of a swallowed nonfood object in the stomach. Most pass in 4-6 days; sharp objects, magnets, batteries, and objects >2.5 cm or >6 cm need endoscopic removal.
Foreign body in trachea
Foreign body in trachea (ICD-11 ND72.4): an object inhaled into the windpipe. Also called tracheal foreign body aspiration. Cough is universal; nuts predominate in children; rigid bronchoscopy is the treatment of choice.
Foreign body in urethra
Foreign body in urethra (ICD-11 ND74.0, ICD-10 T19.0): an object lodged in the urethra, usually self-inserted by men for autoerotic or psychiatric reasons. Managed by manual, endoscopic, or open removal; strictures and infection are key complications.
Foreign body on external eye
Foreign body on external eye (ICD-11 ND70): superficially adherent or embedded objects on the cornea or conjunctival sac, causing pain, tearing, and photophobia; managed by irrigation, swab, spud, or needle removal, antibiotics, and no patching.
Forensic autopsy
A forensic autopsy is a postmortem medical examination performed under legal authority, by a forensic pathologist, to determine the cause and manner of death, retrieve evidence, and identify the deceased.
Forensic Imaging
Forensic imaging is the use of medical imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and radiography for legal and forensic medicine purposes, in the living and the dead.
Forensic pathology
Forensic pathology: medical specialty applying pathology to legal questions via medicolegal autopsies certifying cause and manner of death; also called legal medicine; faces critical US and UK workforce shortages.
Forensic psychiatry
Forensic psychiatry: medical subspecialty applying psychiatric expertise to legal questions (competency, criminal responsibility, risk). Key figures Isaac Ray, Alan Stone; defined by AAPL 2005; marked by dual clinical-forensic roles and bias concerns.
Forequarter amputation
Forequarter amputation, also called interscapulothoracic amputation, is the surgical removal of the entire upper limb with the scapula and clavicle, now used mainly for malignant tumors.
Foreskin
Foreskin (prepuce): the moveable fold of skin and mucosa covering the penis glans and meatus; non-retractable in infancy, retractable in 99% of boys by 17; distinct from phimosis and removed by circumcision.
Foreskin restoration
Foreskin restoration, also called uncircumcision or decircumcision, recreates glans coverage after circumcision via nonsurgical tissue expansion or surgical skin grafts; described by Celsus in the 1st century CE, it takes years nonsurgically and lacks FDA-approved devices.
Forest bathing
Forest bathing, or shinrin-yoku, is a Japanese preventive practice, coined in 1982, of spending unhurried sensory time in forests to reduce stress and improve well-being.
Forever Living Products
Forever Living Products (FLP), founded by Rex Maughan in 1978, is a Scottsdale, Arizona aloe vera MLM selling through Forever Business Owners in 160+ countries; the FTC's April 2026 order barred deceptive earnings claims and the U.S. sponsorship model ends May 1, 2026.
Forgetting
Forgetting: loss of the ability to retrieve previously acquired information, studied via interference, decay, retrieval-cue failure, and active forgetting mechanisms from Ebbinghaus's 1885 curve to modern engram neuroscience.
Forgotten Joint Score
The Forgotten Joint Score (FJS-12) is a 12-item patient questionnaire measuring how far a patient forgets an artificial joint after hip or knee arthroplasty, scored 0 to 100.
Forigerimod
Forigerimod (P140, Lupuzor, IPP-201101) is a 21-mer phosphopeptide from U1-70K snRNP that binds HSC70/HSPA8 to treat lupus; Phase IIb positive, Phase III missed its endpoint, CIDP in development.
Forks Over Knives
Forks Over Knives: 2011 documentary by Lee Fulkerson, executive produced by Brian Wendel, arguing a whole-food plant-based diet can reverse chronic disease; spawned a brand of books, recipes, courses, and a meal planner discontinued in 2026.
Formalin fixation
Formalin fixation preserves tissue by immersing it in dilute formaldehyde, which cross-links proteins and nucleic acids so microscopic structure, antigens, and biomolecules survive storage, staining, and molecular testing.
Formication
Formication: tactile hallucination of insects crawling on or under the skin, from Latin formica (ant). Symptom of stimulant intoxication, menopause, neuropathy, and delusional infestation; not a delusion by itself.