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Grace M. Lee
Grace M. Lee is a pediatric infectious diseases physician and Stanford's Chief Quality Officer, best known as chair of the CDC's vaccine advisory committee (ACIP) during the COVID-19 vaccine rollout.
GRACE risk score
The GRACE risk score is a clinical prediction tool estimating the risk of death in acute coronary syndrome, used to select high-risk patients for early invasive treatment.
GRACILE syndrome
GRACILE syndrome (Fellman disease), a lethal Finnish neonatal mitochondrial disorder from BCS1L mutations, causes growth restriction, aminoaciduria, cholestasis, iron overload, lactic acidosis, and death within months.
Gracilis muscle
Gracilis muscle (musculus gracilis): slender medial-thigh adductor crossing hip and knee, inserting via pes anserinus, obturator nerve L2-L3; used for ACL grafts and reconstructive flaps.
GRADE trial
GRADE trial (Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes) was a US comparative effectiveness study randomizing 5,047 metformin-treated type 2 diabetes patients to glargine, glimepiride, liraglutide, or sitagliptin; glargine and liraglutide best maintained HbA1c targets.
Gradient echo
Gradient echo (GRE) is an MRI pulse sequence that forms its echo by reversing a readout gradient instead of a refocusing pulse, allowing fast, T2-weighted imaging.
Grady Memorial Hospital
Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta's first publicly funded hospital (1892), Georgia's largest hospital and safety-net Level I trauma center; distinct from OhioHealth's Grady Memorial Hospital in Delaware, Ohio.
Graft Survival
Graft survival is the persistence of a transplanted organ's function in a recipient, measured by Kaplan-Meier or death-censored estimates; rejection, HLA mismatch, and donor type are key determinants.
Graft urethroplasty
Graft urethroplasty is a urological technique that repairs long or recurrent urethral strictures by sewing in a free graft, most often buccal mucosa from the inside of the cheek.
Graft-versus-host disease
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD): donor T cells from an allogeneic hematopoietic transplant attack recipient skin, gut, bile ducts, and lymph nodes; classified acute or chronic by NIH clinical criteria, treated with steroids, ruxolitinib, and newer prophylaxis.
Graham Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome
Graham Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome (GLPLS, Graham Little syndrome) is a rare variant of lichen planopilaris with a triad of scarring scalp alopecia, non-scarring axillary and pubic hair loss, and follicular keratotic papules, mainly in women aged 30 to 70.
Grahani Kapata Rasa
Kapata rasa (Grahani kapata rasa) is a herbo-mineral Ayurvedic pill of Rasashastra containing purified mercury and sulphur, used for grahani roga (malabsorption syndrome); distinct from the unrelated Maluku oral tradition called kapata.
Grahanimihira Taila
Grahanimihira Taila is a classical Ayurvedic polyherbal sesame-oil preparation listed in the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, taken internally chiefly for grahani, the malabsorption syndrome, and diarrhea.
Gramicidin
Gramicidin, a membrane-channel peptide antibiotic from Bacillus brevis discovered by René Dubos in 1939, was the first clinically tested antibiotic; topical use only due to hemolytic toxicity. Distinct from Soviet gramicidin S.
Grandiose delusion
Grandiose delusion, also called delusion of grandeur, is a psychotic false belief of inflated worth or exceptional identity, occurring in about two-thirds of bipolar and half of schizophrenia patients, coded ICD-11 MB26.05.
Grandiosity
Grandiosity: inflated sense of superiority, importance, or power; a defining trait of narcissistic personality disorder (DSM-5-TR) and, as grandiose delusions, a psychotic symptom common in bipolar mania and schizophrenia.
Grange syndrome
Grange syndrome (Grange occlusive arterial syndrome, OMIM 602531) is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive YY1AP1 disorder with childhood-onset multifocal renal, cerebral, abdominal, and coronary artery stenosis, hypertension, brachysyndactyly, bone fragility, and congenital heart defects.
Granisetron
Granisetron is a first-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonist antiemetic (brand Kytril, Sustol) used to prevent chemotherapy-, radiotherapy-, and surgery-induced nausea and vomiting; FDA-approved since 1993, with tablet, injection, transdermal, and extended-release forms.
Granta-519
Granta-519 (GRANTA-519, CVCL_1818) is a human mantle cell lymphoma cell line from a 58-year-old woman's peripheral blood, carrying t(11;14) with cyclin D1 overexpression, CDKN2A deletion, and ATM deficiency; a standard MCL research model.
Granular corneal dystrophy type I
Granular corneal dystrophy type I (GCD1, Groenouw type I, classic GCD): rare autosomal dominant TGFBI p.Arg555Trp stromal corneal dystrophy with childhood-onset breadcrumb-like corneal deposits, glare, erosions, and progressive visual impairment.
Granular corneal dystrophy type II
Granular corneal dystrophy type II (GCD2, Avellino corneal dystrophy) is an autosomal dominant TGFBI (R124H) stromal corneal dystrophy with hyaline and amyloid deposits, common in East Asia, exacerbated by refractive surgery, treated with PTK and keratoplasty.
Granule cell
Granule cell: a very small vertebrate CNS neuron; covers cerebellar granule cells (parallel fibers, mossy fiber input), axonless GABAergic olfactory bulb granule cells, and dentate gyrus principal neurons doing pattern separation.
Granuloma
A granuloma is a compact cluster of immune cells, chiefly epithelioid macrophages and giant cells, formed when the body cannot eliminate an infection, foreign object, or other persistent stimulus.
Granuloma annulare
Granuloma annulare (GA), or necrobiotic papulosis, is a benign inflammatory skin disease with annular plaques and necrobiotic granulomas. Subtypes include localized, generalized, subcutaneous, and perforating; no FDA-approved treatments exist, though JAK inhibitors show promise.
Granuloma faciale
Granuloma faciale (facial granuloma of Lever, ORPHA:615943) is a rare benign chronic facial dermatosis with reddish-brown plaques, grenz zone histology, and frequent misdiagnosis; treatment is topical steroids or tacrolimus.
Granuloma inguinale
Granuloma inguinale (donovanosis), a sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease caused by Klebsiella granulomatis, marked by painless beefy-red ulcers, Donovan bodies, and prolonged azithromycin therapy.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly Wegener's granulomatosis, is a rare ANCA-associated vasculitis affecting sinuses, lungs, and kidneys, usually PR3-ANCA positive, treated with rituximab or cyclophosphamide.
Granulomatous orbital inflammation
Granulomatous orbital inflammation (ICD-11 9A22.2, granuloma of orbit) is orbital inflammation dominated by histiocytes and noncaseating granulomas, either an uncommon subtype of idiopathic orbital inflammation or orbital sarcoidosis or granulomatosis with polyangiitis; treated first with systemic corticosteroids.
Granulomatous slack skin
Granulomatous slack skin (GSS), a rare WHO-EORTC-recognized subtype of mycosis fungoides, causes pendulous lax skin folds in axillae and groin; under 50 cases reported, male-predominant, indolent but sometimes lethal, methotrexate-responsive.
Grape seed extract
Grape seed extract (Vitis vinifera seed extract, GSE), a proanthocyanidin-rich dietary supplement and food ingredient. Evidence supports modest LDL/triglyceride and diastolic blood pressure effects; GRAS in the US, regulated in Canada and the EU.