25,729 articles
Ampicillin
Ampicillin, an aminopenicillin (aminopenicillins, β-lactam antibiotic), is a semisynthetic penicillin from 6-APA that inhibits cell wall synthesis via PBPs; inactivated by β-lactamases, it treats enterococcal, Listeria, and susceptible gram-negative infections.
Ampreloxetine
Ampreloxetine (TD-9855) is an investigational once-daily selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor by Theravance Biopharma for neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in MSA; its phase 3 CYPRESS trial missed its primary endpoint in March 2026 and the program was wound down.
Ampullectomy
Ampullectomy is the surgical or endoscopic removal of the ampulla of Vater, where the bile and pancreatic ducts enter the duodenum, done for benign and selected malignant tumors.
Amputation
Amputation: surgical or traumatic removal of a limb or body part. Most cases now stem from vascular disease and diabetes; history spans 31,000-year-old Borneo remains to osseointegrated prostheses.
Amrta bhallataka leha (afi afi-amrtaballatakalehamrtaballatakapaka)
Amrta bhallataka leha (Amrita Bhallataka Lehya, Amrita bhallataka pak) is an Ayurvedic electuary of purified Semecarpus anacardium and Tinospora cordifolia, used as a rasayana for digestive, skin, and joint disorders, with liver-enzyme elevation as its main safety concern.
Amrta bhallataka paka
Amrta bhallataka paka (Amrita Bhallataka, AmrutBhallatak) is an Ayurvedic paka confection of Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardium) and Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), a rasayana for arthritis; tested as ABFN02 tablets in a 24-week osteoarthritis trial.
Amrta ghrta
Amrta ghrta (Amrita Ghrita, अमृता घृत) is a classical Ayurvedic medicated ghee of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) and dry ginger, AFI Part I entry 6:1 from Cakradatta, used for Amavata (rheumatism), distinct from Amritaprasha Ghrita.
Amrtabhallataka ghrta
Amrtabhallataka leha ghrta (Amṛtabhallātaka ghṛta, synonym amṛtabhallātaka pāka) is a classical Ayurvedic herbal ghee made from purified Semecarpus anacardium fruit, milk, ghee, and sugar, dosed at 12 g for skin disease, hemorrhoids, and rasayana use.
Amrtaprasa ghrta
Amrtaprasa ghrta (Amṛtaprāśa ghṛta, Amritaprasha Ghrita) is a classical Ayurvedic medicated-ghee rasayana of about fifty ingredients, described in Ashtanga Hridaya and Charaka Samhita, distinct from the simpler Amrita Ghrita and from Amrutham Ghrita for poisoning.
Amrtarista
Amrtarista (Amṛtāriṣṭa) is an Ayurvedic fermented liquid formulation with 5-10% self-generated alcohol, led by Tinospora cordifolia (Guduci) and 23 other plants, indicated for all types of jvara (fever).
Amrtottara kvatha
Amrtottara kvatha (Amṛtottara kvātha cūrṇa, Nagaradi kvatha curna, Amruthotharam kashayam) is an Ayurvedic decoction of Tinospora cordifolia, Terminalia chebula, and Zingiber officinale, indicated chiefly for fever (jvara).
Amrubicin
Amrubicin (Calsed, SM-5887), a synthetic 9-aminoanthracycline topoisomerase II inhibitor approved in Japan in 2002, is second-line therapy for relapsed small-cell lung cancer, with higher response rates than topotecan and hematologic toxicity as its main adverse effect.
AMSC trial
AMSC trial (NCT02307435) was an early Phase 1 University of Indonesia study testing allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, fresh or cryopreserved, for non-union fractures; status unknown, no posted results.
Amsler grid
Amsler grid: self-test chart of straight lines with a central dot, devised by Marc Amsler and marketed from 1947, used daily by AMD patients to detect metamorphopsia and central scotomas; high specificity, moderate sensitivity.
AMTRAC study
AMTRAC (Aortic+Mitral TRAnsCatheter) Valve Registry, NCT04031274: investigator-initiated international multicenter registry of TAVR patients, initially 23 centers, later 17 in Europe and Israel, over 23,000 procedures; known for mitral regurgitation outcomes and valve-type comparisons.
Amubarvimab
Amubarvimab (BRII-196), a fully human IgG1 antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD, paired with romlusevimab; first COVID-19 antibody combination approved in China (December 2021), later discontinued.
Amulirafusp alfa
Amulirafusp alfa (IMM0306) is ImmuneOnco's CD47×CD20 bispecific mAb-Trap fusion protein for B-cell lymphoma and autoimmune diseases; phase 1/2 RP2D 2000 μg/kg, no DLT or CRS, phase III in follicular lymphoma begun 2026.
Amy Loughren
Amy Loughren is an American former critical care nurse at Somerset Medical Center in New Jersey who wore a wire in 2003 to help detectives catch serial killer Charles Cullen.
aMYELOIDr study
aMYELOIDr (Austrian Myeloid Registry, AGMT_aMYELOIDr, NCT04438889) is a non-interventional Austrian registry study of MDS, CMML, and AML, sponsored by AGMT, targeting 3,000 patients since 2020 with an optional biobank.
Amygdala
Amygdala: group of nuclei in the anterior medial temporal lobe central to fear conditioning, emotion recognition, and memory modulation; key divisions are the basolateral complex, central nucleus, and medial amygdala; landmark evidence from patient S.M. with Urbach-Wiethe disease.
Amygdala hijack
Amygdala hijack, also called emotional hijack, is Daniel Goleman's 1995 term for a sudden emotional takeover of rational thought by the amygdala; modern neuroscience rejects the fear-center mechanism it assumes.
Amygdalohippocampectomy
Amygdalohippocampectomy is a neurosurgical operation that selectively removes the amygdala and anterior hippocampus to treat drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, sparing the lateral temporal cortex.
Amyloid beta
Amyloid beta (Aβ, beta-amyloid) is a 36-43 amino acid peptide cleaved from APP by β- and γ-secretases; the main plaque component in Alzheimer's disease, a proposed innate immune antimicrobial peptide, and the target of lecanemab and donanemab.
Amyloid PET
Amyloid PET is a brain positron emission tomography scan measuring amyloid-β plaque density in adults with cognitive impairment, used to select and monitor amyloid antibody therapy.
Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis: group of disorders in which misfolded proteins (light chains, serum amyloid A, transthyretin) form beta-sheet fibrils depositing in heart, kidneys, nerves, and liver. Types AL, AA, ATTR; diagnosed by biopsy with mass spectrometry typing; treated by type-specific drugs.
Amyloidosis cutis dyschromia
Amyloidosis cutis dyschromia (amyloidosis cutis dyschromica, ACD), a rare autosomal-recessive primary cutaneous amyloidosis causing reticulate hyper- and hypopigmentation from papillary dermal keratinocyte-derived amyloid, linked to GPNMB mutations.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4, or ALS4, is a rare inherited motor neuron disease caused by SETX mutations, beginning before age 25 and allowing a normal life span.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-Plus
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-Plus (ALS-Plus, ICD-11 8B60.5) is ALS with superimposed extrapyramidal, cerebellar, autonomic, oculomotor, or cognitive dysfunction; about 13.6% of a 550-patient cohort, with shorter survival and more pathogenic mutations than classic ALS.
Anacetrapib
Anacetrapib (MK-0859) is an investigational Merck CETP inhibitor that lowers LDL and raises HDL cholesterol, reduced cardiovascular events in the 30,449-patient REVEAL trial, but accumulates in adipose tissue and was never submitted for approval.
Anacusis
Anacusis (anakusis, anacusia) is total deafness, complete absence of auditory perception in one or both ears; ICD-11 code MB40.2, defined as hearing loss above 120 dB by some sources.