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Laceration of urethra
Laceration of urethra (ICD-11 NB92.31) is a traumatic tear of the urethral wall from blunt, penetrating, or iatrogenic causes. Distinguished by blood at the meatus, retrograde urethrography diagnosis, and stricture rates up to 97% without realignment.
Laceration repair
Laceration repair is the clinical procedure of closing torn skin or soft tissue wounds with sutures, staples, tissue adhesives, or adhesive strips, aiming for hemostasis, cosmetic appearance, and reduced infection risk.
Lachman test
The Lachman test is a knee examination maneuver that assesses the anterior cruciate ligament by pulling the tibia forward with the knee flexed 20 to 30 degrees.
Laci Green
Laci Green, born Valacia Nusheen Cyrus, is an American sex educator and sex therapist, creator of the popular YouTube sex education series Sex Plus!, which ran from 2009 to 2019.
Lacidipine
Lacidipine, a long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (ATC C08CA09), treats hypertension at 2-6 mg once daily; vascular-selective, ~10% bioavailability, 13-19 h half-life, lowest peripheral edema risk among DHP-CCBs.
Lack of coordination
Lack of coordination, also called ataxia, is the inability to coordinate voluntary movements, producing jerky, unsteady motion and an unsteady gait; prolonged excessive alcohol use is the leading cause.
Lacosamide
Lacosamide (Vimpat) is a third-generation antiseizure medication, a functionalized amino acid that selectively enhances slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels; approved 2008 for focal seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
Lacrimal gland
The lacrimal gland, also called the tear gland, is an exocrine gland in the upper outer orbit that secretes the watery layer of tears and is targeted in Sjogren's syndrome.
Lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome
Lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome (LADD, Levy-Hollister syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder from FGFR2, FGFR3, or FGF10 mutations, causing lacrimal and salivary gland malformations, hearing loss, dental anomalies, and digital defects.
Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency
Glycogen storage disease due to lactate dehydrogenase deficiency (GSD XI, LDH deficiency) is a rare autosomal recessive myopathy from LDHA or LDHB mutations; M-subunit disease causes exercise intolerance, myoglobinuria, and rhabdomyolysis, while H-subunit disease is asymptomatic.
Lactate threshold
The lactate threshold, also known as the anaerobic threshold, is the exercise intensity above which blood lactate accumulates, and a key marker of endurance capacity.
Lactating adenoma of breast
Lactating adenoma of breast (pregnancy adenoma, ICD-11 2F30.1) is a benign epithelial breast tumor of late pregnancy and lactation in young primiparous women, presenting as a painless mobile mass that regresses after weaning and rarely coexists with carcinoma.
Lactational amenorrhea
Lactational amenorrhea, or the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM), is breastfeeding-based postpartum contraception requiring amenorrhea, exclusive frequent nursing, and under six months postpartum, giving over 98% effectiveness.
Lactic acidosis
Lactic acidosis, or hyperlactatemic metabolic acidosis, is high anion gap acidosis from lactate accumulation. Type A (hypoperfusion) versus type B (drugs, metformin, inborn errors); mortality 17.3–88%; bicarbonate evidence mixed.
Lacto vegetarianism
Lacto vegetarianism: a vegetarian diet including dairy but excluding meat, eggs, and fish. Dominant form of Indian vegetarianism (about three-quarters of Indian vegetarians), rooted in Hindu and Jain ahimsa traditions; dairy supplies B12 and calcium.
Lactose intolerance
Lactose intolerance, also called lactase nonpersistence or adult-type hypolactasia, causes bloating, diarrhea, gas, and abdominal pain after dairy. Over 60 percent of people have reduced lactase; most tolerate 12 to 15 g lactose.
Lactose Tolerance Test
Lactose tolerance test (lactose tolerance blood test): blood glucose measured after a 50 g oral lactose load to detect lactase deficiency; glucose rise under 20 mg/dL is abnormal; largely replaced by the hydrogen breath test.
Lactulose
Lactulose, a synthetic galactose-fructose disaccharide, is an osmotic laxative and first-line therapy for hepatic encephalopathy; PEG outperforms it for chronic constipation.
Lacunar stroke
A lacunar stroke, or lacunar infarct, is an ischemic stroke caused by blockage of one small penetrating artery, producing a subcortical infarct under 20 mm.
Ladan and Laleh Bijani (لدن و لاله بیژنی)
Ladan and Laleh Bijani (لدن و لاله بیژنی), Iranian craniopagus conjoined twins born 1974, died 8 July 2003 after the first attempted separation of adult twins joined at the head, a 52-hour Singapore operation.
Ladarixin
Ladarixin (DF2156A) is Dompé's oral dual allosteric CXCR1/CXCR2 inhibitor tested for new-onset type 1 diabetes, where phase 2 missed its C-peptide endpoint and the phase 3 NCT04628481 was terminated for futility; an NSCLC combination trial was withdrawn.
LAE118
LAE118 (LAE-118) is Laekna's internally discovered, orally active allosteric PI3Kα pan-mutant selective small-molecule inhibitor for PIK3CA-mutant solid tumors; FDA and China CDE IND approved, in Phase I (NCT07787520), and licensed ex-Greater China to Vasque Bio for up to USD 527 million.
Laevocardia
Laevocardia (levocardia): cardiac position term for a heart lying in the left hemithorax, counterpart of dextrocardia and mesocardia; used in Van Praagh-style classification of congenital heart disease; distinct from the cockle genus Laevicardium.
Lafora disease
Lafora disease, also called progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 2 (EPM2), is a fatal autosomal recessive epilepsy from EPM2A or NHLRC1 mutations causing insoluble Lafora bodies; onset at 8–19 years, median survival 11 years.
Lafutidine
Lafutidine (Protecadin, Lafaxid) is a second-generation H2 receptor antagonist anti-ulcer drug marketed only in Japan and India, with nitric oxide-mediated gastroprotection and symptom benefit over famotidine in reflux esophagitis.
Laghu cincadika lehya
Laghu ciricadika leha (Laghu ciñcādikā lehya), AFI000026, is an Ayurvedic semisolid avaleha of 20 ingredients including Triphala, Piper fruits, jaggery, and iron oxide; 6 g dose for anemia, jaundice, dyspnea, and pain.
Laghu sitasekhara rasa
Laghu Sutashekhara Rasa (Laghu Sutashekhar Rasa) is an Ayurvedic herbo-mineral medicine of purified red ochre (Gairika, Fe2O3) and ginger, per Rasatarangini Parishistha and the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, used for pitta headaches and migraine (Ardhavabhedaka) at 250-500 mg.
Laghu vasantarasa
Laghu vasantarasa (Laghu Malini Vasanta Rasa) is a Kharaliya Rasayana herbo-mineral Ayurvedic formulation of Rasaka and Maricha, levigated with butter and lemon juice, classically indicated for chronic fever (Jeerna Jwara) and studied in type 2 diabetes.
Laghu visagarbha taila
Laghu visagarbha taila (LVT) is an Ayurvedic medicated oil in the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, containing purified Aconitum and Datura, used externally for Vataroga and Pakshaghat; rat dermal studies found no toxicity (LD50 >2000 mg/kg, NOAEL >1000 mg/kg/day).
Laghugangadhara curna
Laghugangadhara curna (Laghugaṅgādhara cūrṇa) is a six-ingredient Ayurvedic polyherbal powder from the Sharangadhara Samhita, dosed 5-10 g with buttermilk for diarrhea (atisara) and dysentery (pravahika).