25,729 articles
Solid lipid nanoparticles
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are submicron colloidal carriers of 50–1000 nm made of lipids solid at room and body temperature, developed in the early 1990s to carry and release drugs.
Solifenacin
Solifenacin (Vesicare) is an M3-selective antimuscarinic, 5 or 10 mg once daily, approved in 2004 for adult overactive bladder; dry mouth and constipation are its main adverse effects, and it combines with mirabegron.
Solitary bone cyst
The solitary bone cyst, also called unicameral bone cyst or simple bone cyst, is a benign, fluid-filled cavity in bone that weakens it and often causes fracture in children.
Solitary fibrous tumor
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), formerly called hemangiopericytoma, is a rare fibroblastic mesenchymal neoplasm with staghorn vessels and the pathognomonic NAB2-STAT6 fusion on 12q13, diagnosed by STAT6 and CD34 immunohistochemistry.
Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver
Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver (SNNL) is a rare benign liver lesion with an entirely necrotic, often calcified core in a fibrous capsule, first described in 1983.
Solitary nucleus
Solitary nucleus (nucleus tractus solitarii, NTS): dorsomedial medulla gray matter receiving visceral and taste afferents via cranial nerves VII, IX, X; first relay for baroreflex, respiration, and gut reflexes, using glutamatergic vagal input.
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS), also called solitary ulcer of the rectum, is a rare benign rectal disorder from mucosal prolapse and ischemia, causing bleeding, mucus, and straining; treated with biofeedback, medication, or surgery.
Solithromycin
Solithromycin (CEM-101, T-4288) is a fluoroketolide, fourth-generation macrolide antibiotic with three ribosomal binding sites, developed for pneumonia and gonorrhea; US and EU development halted in 2016-2017 over liver-safety concerns, with an NDA filed in Japan.
SOLO 1 trial (NCT02277743)
SOLO 1 (NCT02277743, LIBERTY AD SOLO 1, Regeneron R668-AD-1334) was a phase 3 trial of dupilumab monotherapy in 671 adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, showing 37-38% vs 10% IGA 0/1 response at week 16.
SOLO 2 trial
The SOLO 2 trial, or LIBERTY AD SOLO 2, was a phase 3 study of 708 adults showing dupilumab monotherapy effective for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Solomon R. Benatar
Solomon R. Benatar, known as Solly, is a South African physician, pulmonologist, and bioethicist who is Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University of Cape Town.
Solriamfetol
Solriamfetol (Sunosi) is a once-daily oral dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor approved in 2019 in the US and EU to improve wakefulness in adults with excessive daytime sleepiness from narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea; doses 37.5-150 mg, Schedule IV, main risk dose-related blood pressure increases.
SOLVE™ study (NCT00825643)
SOLVE (Study of Once-Daily Levemir), NCT00825643: 24-week, ten-country observational study of once-daily insulin detemir added to oral drugs in 17,374 type 2 diabetes patients; HbA1c fell 1.3%, weight −0.6 kg, low hypoglycemia.
Somapacitan
Somapacitan (Sogroya) is Novo Nordisk's once-weekly, reversible albumin-binding human growth hormone analog for growth hormone deficiency in adults and children 2.5 years and older, FDA-approved August 28, 2020.
Somaraji Taila
Somaraji Taila (Somraji Taila) is a classical Ayurvedic medicated oil led by Bakuchi (Psoralea corylifolia), listed in the Ayurvedic Formulary of India for Shvitra and Kushtha and applied externally for ringworm, vitiligo, and other skin diseases.
Somatic delusion
Somatic delusion (ICD-11 MB26.09; delusional disorder, somatic type in DSM-5): a fixed false belief of disease, defect, or infestation of the body, seen in delusional disorder, schizophrenia, mood psychosis, and substance- or medical-induced psychosis.
Somatic experiencing
Somatic Experiencing (SE), developed by Peter A. Levine, is a body-oriented trauma therapy using interoception, titration, and pendulation; first RCT (Brom 2017) showed large PTSD symptom reductions, but overall evidence remains preliminary.
Somatic hallucinations
Somatic hallucinations (ICD-11 MB27.25) are false perceptions of internal bodily sensations, such as organs moving, without external stimuli; bodily or proximity-sense hallucinations, less common than auditory ones (4-19% in psychosis) and usually multimodal.
Somatic mutation analysis
Somatic mutation analysis is the sequencing of tumor DNA to identify acquired, non-inherited mutations for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy selection, typically by paired tumor-normal testing.
Somatic nervous system
Somatic nervous system (SoNS): PNS division for voluntary movement and sensory input via skeletal muscles; 12 cranial and 31 spinal nerve pairs, single-neuron efferent path releasing acetylcholine, distinct from the two-neuron autonomic system.
Somatic symptom disorder
Somatic symptom disorder (SSD), a DSM-5 diagnosis introduced in 2013, replaces DSM-IV somatoform disorders and hypochondriasis; distinguished from illness anxiety disorder by the presence of distressing somatic symptoms with excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors lasting six months or more.
Somatization
Somatization: expressing emotional distress as physical symptoms, historically tied to hysteria and Briquet's syndrome; now DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder and ICD-11 bodily distress disorder, treated mainly with CBT.
Somatomammotropinoma
Somatomammotropinoma (somatolactotropinoma, GH and PRL cosecreting pituitary adenoma, ORPHA:314769) is a rare mixed pituitary adenoma cosecreting growth hormone and prolactin, causing combined acromegaly and hyperprolactinemia.
Somatomotor neuron
Somatomotor neuron (somatic motor neuron, CL:0005024) is a cholinergic, excitatory motor neuron innervating skeletal muscle, subdivided into alpha, beta, and gamma types, and distinct from visceromotor autonomic neurons.
Somatorelin
Somatorelin (GHRH(1-44) amide, somatoliberin) is the 44-residue human hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone; its synthetic acetate, GHRH Ferring, was a 50 µg diagnostic pituitary test (ATC V04CD05) whose manufacture stopped in 2022.
Somatosensory Evoked Potentials
Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs, also written SSEPs) are electrical responses recorded from the nervous system after peripheral nerve stimulation, used to diagnose lesions, predict outcome, and monitor surgery.
Somatosensory stimulation
Somatosensory stimulation applies electrical stimuli to the body's sensory pathways to assess nervous system function or treat chronic pain and spasticity, spanning techniques from TENS to spinal cord stimulation.
Somatosensory system
Somatosensory system: the nervous system's network for touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception, carried by dorsal column-medial lemniscal and spinothalamic pathways to the somatosensory cortex.
Somatostatin analog therapy
Somatostatin analog therapy uses long-lasting synthetic versions of the hormone somatostatin, such as octreotide and lanreotide, to control hormonal symptoms and slow tumor growth in acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumors.
Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy
Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) is a nuclear medicine scan using radiolabeled octreotide to image neuroendocrine tumors; introduced in 1992, it was superseded by SSTR PET.