Human health and medicine

Time-location sampling

Time-location sampling, also called time-space sampling or venue-based sampling, is a probability survey method that recruits hard-to-reach populations at venues where they concentrate, developed in the late 1980s for HIV surveillance.

Time-of-flight positron emission tomography

Time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging technique that uses photon arrival-time differences to localize emissions, improving image quality, especially in large patients.

Time-to-Treatment

Time-to-treatment (MeSH D061665; door-to-treatment time) is the interval from symptom onset or disease suspicion to start of therapy, combining consultative, diagnostic, and treatment waits; used as a quality metric in cancer, emergency, and elective care.

Timed Up and Go test

The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test times a person rising from a chair, walking 3 meters, turning, and sitting back down, screening for fall risk in older adults.

Timeline of HIV/AIDS

Timeline of HIV/AIDS: from the June 1981 CDC report of Pneumocystis pneumonia in Los Angeles, through the 1983-1984 discovery of HIV, the 1985 ELISA test, HAART in the mid-1990s, the Ryan White CARE Act, and today's 95-95-95 targets and 32.1 million people on treatment.

Timeline of medicine and medical technology

Timeline of medicine and medical technology: chronological milestones from Hippocratic medicine (400 BCE) and Avicenna's Canon through Vesalius, Jenner's 1796 vaccination, Lister's antisepsis, X-rays, insulin, and modern diagnostics, with measured life-expectancy impacts.

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic: from the 31 December 2019 Wuhan pneumonia alert, WHO's 30 January 2020 PHEIC and 11 March 2020 pandemic declaration, through vaccines, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants, to the end of the emergency on 5 May 2023.

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2020)

Timeline of COVID-19 in the UK, January–June 2020: first cases late January, lockdown 23 March, first-wave peak in April, easing from 13 May, dexamethasone 16 June, and inquiry findings on lockdown delay.

Timeline of the opioid epidemic

Timeline of the opioid epidemic: US opioid overdose crisis from the 1980 Porter-Jick letter and 1995 OxyContin approval through three CDC waves (prescription opioids, heroin 2010, fentanyl 2013), 806,000 deaths 1999-2023, the 2022 peak, and the 2023-2025 decline.

TIMI risk score

The TIMI risk score is a bedside score, 0 to 7, estimating short-term risk of death, heart attack, or urgent revascularization in unstable angina and NSTEMI.

Timothy G. Evans

Timothy Grant Evans is a Canadian physician and global-health leader who co-founded Gavi, led the WHO's Commission on Social Determinants of Health, and joined Concordia University in 2025.

Timothy R.B. Johnson

Timothy R.B. Johnson (1949–2025) was an American obstetrician at the University of Michigan who chaired its obstetrics department and built a physician training partnership with Ghana.

Timothy Ray Brown

Timothy Ray Brown, the "Berlin Patient," was the first person cured of HIV, via two 2007–2008 CCR5-delta32 stem cell transplants in Berlin for leukemia; he died September 29, 2020 of leukemia recurrence.

Timothy syndrome

Timothy syndrome (LQT8, TS1/TS2) is an ultra-rare autosomal dominant CACNA1C/Cav1.2 channelopathy causing extreme QTc prolongation, syndactyly, autism, and early death from ventricular fibrillation.

Oct 20, 2026

Timrepigene emparvovec

Timrepigene emparvovec (BIIB111, AAV2-REP1) is an investigational AAV2 subretinal gene therapy delivering the CHM/REP1 gene for choroideremia; its phase 3 STAR trial missed the ≥15-letter BCVA endpoint but showed more ≥10-letter gains than controls.

Tincture

Tincture: an alcoholic or hydroethanolic liquid extract of botanical or animal drugs made by maceration or percolation, typically 1:5 to 1:10 herb-to-solvent; distinct from fluidextracts (1:1) and homeopathic mother tinctures (1:9).

Tincture of iodine

Tincture of iodine (iodine tincture, weak iodine solution): 2–7% iodine with iodide salt in ethanol-water antiseptic; used for skin sterilization since Grossich's 1908 method; stains and irritates skin.

Tinea capitis

Dermatophytosis of scalp, or tinea capitis, is a dermatophyte fungal infection of scalp hair, mainly Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum canis, affecting mostly children ages 3-7 and treated with oral terbinafine or griseofulvin.

Tinea corporis

Tinea corporis, also called ringworm of the body, is a fungal infection of the skin on the trunk and limbs that produces itchy, ring-shaped, scaly lesions, usually treated with topical antifungals.

Tinea cruris

Tinea cruris (jock itch, Dhobi itch) is a dermatophyte fungal infection of the groin and inner thigh, mainly Trichophyton rubrum, treated with topical allylamines or azoles; resistant Trichophyton indotineae is emerging.

Tinea nigra

Tinea nigra (keratomycosis nigricans) is a rare superficial fungal infection of palm or sole skin caused by the melanized mould Hortaea werneckii, producing asymptomatic brown-black patches that mimic melanoma and clear with 2–4 weeks of topical antifungals.

Tinea versicolor

Tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor) is a common, non-contagious superficial fungal skin infection caused by Malassezia yeast, causing scaly hypopigmented or hyperpigmented trunk patches, diagnosed clinically and by KOH microscopy, treated topically, and prone to recurrence.

Tinengotinib

Tinengotinib (TT-00420) is TransThera's oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting Aurora A/B, JAK, FGFR, and VEGFR kinases, developed for FGFR inhibitor-resistant FGFR2-altered cholangiocarcinoma; NDA accepted by China's NMPA in December 2025.

Tinetti test

The Tinetti test, also known as the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), is a clinical assessment scoring balance and gait to estimate fall risk in older adults.

Tingli Dazao Xiefei Tang

葶苈大枣泻肺汤 (Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction) is a two-ingredient Chinese medicine formula of lepidium seed and jujube, first recorded in the Jin Gui Yao Lue and now used mainly for pleural effusion.

Tingling of skin

Tingling of skin (ICD-11 ME65.4) is a pricking type of paresthesia: pins-and-needles sensations without external stimulus. Brief post-pressure episodes are benign; persistent tingling signals nerve, metabolic, or vascular disease.

Oct 15, 2026

Tinidazole

Tinidazole, a synthetic nitroimidazole antimicrobial developed by Pfizer and approved in the United States in 2004, treats trichomoniasis, giardiasis, and amebiasis, with a longer half-life than metronidazole.

TiniPEA trial

TiniPEA (NCT06718452) is a randomized, quadruple-blind University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli trial testing umPEALUT, co-ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide plus luteolin, with or without rutin and 5-HTP, against placebo in 100 adults with tinnitus; not yet recruiting.

Tinlarebant

Tinlarebant (LBS-008, formerly BPN-14967) is Belite Bio's oral retinol-binding protein 4 antagonist for Stargardt disease type 1 and geographic atrophy; its Phase 3 DRAGON trial slowed retinal lesion growth by 35.7% versus placebo.