25,729 articles
Tissue Transplantation
Tissue transplantation, also called tissue grafting, transfers tissue within a person, between people, or across species. Covers autografts, allografts, xenografts, rejection immunology, history from 1879 Macewen to modern HCT, and WHO ethics.
Tissue typing
Tissue typing is the laboratory determination of a person's human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles to match donors with recipients for organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Titin-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R10
Titin-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R10 (LGMD R10, formerly LGMD2J) is a rare autosomal recessive myopathy from TTN mutations, usually childhood-onset proximal weakness with wheelchair dependence about 20 years after onset; the Finnish FINmaj founder variant causes it in homozygotes.
Titubation
Titubation is a rhythmic head or truncal tremor, classically a cerebellar sign seen during stance and gait; ICD-11 code MB46.4, distinguished from essential and dystonic head tremor.
Tivanisiran
Tivanisiran (SYL1001) is Sylentis' naked 19-base siRNA eye drop silencing TRPV1 for dry eye pain; it failed Phase 3 HELIX and Sjögren primary endpoints and was not approved.
Tivantinib
Tivantinib (ARQ 197), an oral non-ATP-competitive MET inhibitor later shown to act as a cytotoxic microtubule-targeting agent, failed its METIV-HCC and JET-HCC phase III trials in MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma and was discontinued in 2017.
Tivozanib
Tivozanib (Fotivda) is an oral VEGFR-1/2/3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor by AVEO; FDA approved 2021 for relapsed/refractory advanced renal cell carcinoma after two or more prior systemic therapies, dosed 1.34 mg daily 21 on/7 off.
Tizanidine
Tizanidine (Zanaflex, Sirdalud) is a short-acting central alpha-2-adrenergic agonist muscle relaxant for spasticity; discovered by Sandoz, approved in Switzerland 1983 and the US in 1996, contraindicated with strong CYP1A2 inhibitors.
TKACSI trial
The TKACSI trial is a registered clinical trial testing which corticosteroid drug, added to routine pain-control injections during knee replacement, best eases pain and recovery.
TL-001 (BYN-002)
TL-001, also known as BYN-002, is an extended half-life humanized monoclonal antibody against TL1A, developed by TrueLab Biopharmaceutical and in Phase 1 testing for inflammatory bowel disease.
TL-003
TL-003 (BYN-003) is an extended-half-life TL1A × IL-23p19 bispecific antibody from TrueLab Biopharmaceutical, licensed to Bionyra Pharma for up to $985 million, in Phase 1 testing in Australia for ulcerative colitis.
TLL-041 / BHV-8000 (TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor)
TLL-041/BHV-8000 is an oral, brain-penetrant, selective dual TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor discovered by Hangzhou Highlightll, licensed to Biohaven ex-China in 2023, now in a Phase 2/3 trial for early Parkinson's disease.
TME trial (NCT01872702)
TME trial (NCT01872702), or Targeted Chemo-elimination of Malaria, was a University of Oxford cluster-randomised trial (2013-2017) testing dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine mass drug administration in 16 Greater Mekong villages; falciparum prevalence fell 92% by month 3.
TME-HME trial
TME-HME (NCT07482527) is a not-yet-recruiting, single-blinded randomized trial at Cairo University testing thoracic versus hip mobility exercises added to core stabilization in 60 patients aged 40-60 with lumbar spondylosis.
TMEM165-CDG
TMEM165-CDG (CDG type IIk, OMIM 614727) is a rare autosomal recessive glycosylation disorder caused by TMEM165 mutations, marked by skeletal dysplasia, psychomotor delay, and treatable in part with oral galactose.
TMEM199-CDG
TMEM199-CDG (CDG-IIp, CDG2P, OMIM 616829) is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder of glycosylation caused by TMEM199/VMA12 variants, causing mild non-progressive liver disease, hypercholesterolemia, low ceruloplasmin, and type 2 transferrin patterns mimicking Wilson disease.
TMGS trial
TMGS (NCT01655641) was a suspended randomized trial at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal, testing perioperative tranexamic acid (1 g preoperative, then 10 mg/kg 8-hourly for 5 days) for reducing transfusion in 118 patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery.
TNF inhibitor
TNF inhibitors (anti-TNF drugs, TNF blockers): five FDA-approved biologics (infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, certolizumab pegol) that neutralize TNF-α to treat rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, and ankylosing spondylitis; first approved 1998.
TNM staging system
The TNM staging system, also called the TNM classification, classifies cancer by tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis, and is the world's most widely used staging system.
TNP03-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy D2
TNP03-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy D2 (LGMDD2, formerly LGMD1F, OMIM 608423) is an ultrarare autosomal dominant dystrophy from TNPO3 mutations, causing proximal girdle weakness, dysphagia, and arachnodactyly without cardiac involvement.
TNT trial (NCT00327691)
TNT (Treating to New Targets, NCT00327691) was a Pfizer-funded randomized trial of atorvastatin 80 mg versus 10 mg daily in 10,001 stable coronary disease patients, showing 22% fewer major cardiovascular events with intensive LDL lowering.
TNT trial (NCT06496321)
TNT (NCT06496321), Morbidity of Conventional and No-touch Saphenectomy in CABG: Uruguayan randomized non-inferiority trial at Instituto Nacional de Cirugia Cardiaca, Montevideo, comparing leg wound morbidity of no-touch versus conventional saphenous vein harvesting in 52 patients.
TOB-STOP-COP trial
TOB-STOP-COP (TOBacco STOP in COPd trial), NCT04088942, a Danish randomized multicenter trial testing high- versus low-intensity smoking cessation in 600 smokers with COPD; registry status withdrawn, no results posted.
Tobacco cessation counseling
Tobacco cessation counseling is a behavioral intervention in which clinicians help patients stop using tobacco through structured advice, motivational techniques, and follow-up during routine clinical encounters.
Tobacco Control (concept)
Tobacco control: policies reducing tobacco use and smoke exposure, anchored in the WHO FCTC, the first global public health treaty (2003, in force 2005, 183 Parties), implemented through MPOWER measures.
Tobacco smoking
Tobacco smoking, mainly cigarette smoking, is the most common form of tobacco use: 1.2 billion users in 2024, prevalence down from 33.1% to 19.5% since 2000, over 7 million deaths yearly, regulated by the WHO FCTC and MPOWER.
Tobramycin
Tobramycin (3'-deoxykanamycin B, from Streptomyces tenebrarius) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, given by injection, inhalation for cystic fibrosis, and ophthalmic drops; dose-limited by ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
Tocainide
Tocainide (Tonocard) is an orally active class IB antiarrhythmic lidocaine analog, FDA-approved 1984 for ventricular arrhythmias, later discontinued in the US; also trialed for neuropathic pain.
TOCANNATO trial
TOCANNATO (NCT04496492) is a phase 2, single-center window-of-opportunity trial of preoperative annatto delta-tocotrienol in 50 women with primary breast cancer at the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan; completed 2017, results published 2025 in The Breast.
Tocilizumab
Tocilizumab, sold as Actemra and RoActemra, is a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks the interleukin-6 receptor, approved from 2005 to treat arthritis, cytokine release syndrome, and severe COVID-19.