727 articles
The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross
The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross is a 1970 book by John Marco Allegro arguing that Christianity began as a fertility cult centered on the mushroom Amanita muscaria.
The Teachings of Don Juan
The Teachings of Don Juan: A Yaqui Way of Knowledge, Carlos Castaneda's 1968 book on his alleged apprenticeship to Yaqui sorcerer don Juan Matus; a counterculture bestseller later shown to be largely fictional ethnography.
Thelephora
Thelephora is a genus of about 50 cosmopolitan ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycota fungi in Thelephoraceae (Thelephorales), type species Thelephora terrestris; leathery basidiocarps, tuberculate spores, common forest-nursery colonizer, some species edible, closely intermixed with Tomentella in phylogenies.
Thelephorales
Thelephorales (Corner ex Oberw.) is an order of Basidiomycota fungi with poroid, toothed, and corticioid fruiting bodies, mostly ectomycorrhizal; two families, Thelephoraceae and Bankeraceae, 21 genera, over 490 species; thelephoric acid stains greenish in KOH.
Tilletia
Tilletia (bunt fungi, Tilletiales) is a smut fungus genus infecting grasses; T. caries, T. controversa, and T. indica cause common, dwarf, and Karnal bunt of wheat, quarantine diseases marked by fishy-smelling teliospore-filled grains.
Tomentella
Tomentella, proposed by Persoon in 1799 and validly published in 1887, is a genus of crust-like basidiomycete fungi in the Thelephoraceae that forms ectomycorrhizas with many trees worldwide.
Torulaspora
Torulaspora, a genus of ascomycetous budding yeasts in Saccharomycetaceae established by Lindner in 1904; type species Torulaspora delbrueckii (formerly Saccharomyces rosei), used in wine, beer, and bread fermentation; expanded from 10 to 22 species in 2025.
Trametes
Trametes, white-rot polypore genus in Polyporaceae including turkey tail (Trametes versicolor, Coriolus versicolor); lignin-degrading fungi used in bioremediation, enzyme production, and PSK medicinal mushroom research.
Trametes versicolor
Trametes versicolor, turkey tail (Yun-Zhi, Kawaratake), syn. Coriolus versicolor, is a white-rot polypore fungus on dead hardwood, source of laccase and the medicinal polysaccharides PSK and PSP used in adjuvant cancer therapy in Japan and China.
Trametoid phylogeny and nomenclature
Trametoid phylogeny and nomenclature covers how mycologists classify bracket fungi centered on Trametes: molecular studies show the broad genus is not monophyletic, and one-genus versus several-genus schemes remain contested.
Trametopsis and Funalia
Trametopsis and Funalia are two small genera of trametoid polypore fungi related to Trametes, both causing white rot of dead wood and redefined by molecular phylogenetics.
Treatment and biosecurity of chytridiomycosis
Treatment and biosecurity of chytridiomycosis covers the drug regimens, heat therapy, probiotics, and quarantine protocols used to clear chytrid fungal infections (Bd and Bsal) from amphibians, though many interventions have failed.
Treatment of microsporidiosis
Treatment of microsporidiosis is the therapeutic management of human infections caused by microsporidia, resting on species-directed drugs such as albendazole, immune restoration with antiretroviral therapy, and supportive care.
Tremella
Tremella (Pers., 1794) is a genus of jelly fungi in Tremellaceae, Tremellales, Basidiomycota, with about 90 species, type species T. mesenterica, dimorphic yeast-plus-filament life cycle, and many lichenicolous members.
Tremella fuciformis
Tremella fuciformis (snow fungus, silver ear, Yiner/Baimuer) is an edible, medicinal basidiomycete jelly fungus of Tremellaceae, cultivated only with a companion Hypoxylon/Annulohypoxylon fungus; its polysaccharide is an approved Chinese drug for chemotherapy-induced leukopenia.
Tremella mesenterica
Tremella mesenterica, yellow brain or witches' butter, is a yellow gelatinous basidiomycete jelly fungus on dead hardwood, a mycoparasite of Peniophora crust fungi, type species of Tremella.
Trichoderma
Trichoderma: genus of soil ascomycete fungi (sexual stage Hypocrea) used as biocontrol agents, biofertilizers, and cellulase producers; mechanisms include mycoparasitism, antibiosis, competition, and induced systemic resistance.
Tricholoma
Tricholoma (Fr.) Staude, 1857, a genus of ectomycorrhizal agaric fungi in Tricholomataceae with over 300 species, including matsutake (T. matsutake) and the toxicologically debated T. equestre; four subgenera and eleven sections per 2023 phylogeny.
Tricholoma equestre
Tricholoma equestre, the yellow knight or man on horseback (syn. T. flavovirens), is a pine-associated ectomycorrhizal mushroom once prized as food, disputed as toxic after French rhabdomyolysis cases, though no toxin has been identified.
Tricholomataceae
Tricholomataceae (R. Heim ex Pouzar) is a mushroom-forming fungal family in Agaricales, suborder Tricholomatineae, type genus Tricholoma; once 98 genera, now reduced to a small monophyletic core including matsutake species.
Trichophyton
Trichophyton, genus of keratin-degrading dermatophyte fungi (Arthrodermataceae) causing tinea; key species T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and the terbinafine-resistant emerging pathogen T. indotineae.
Trichosporon
Trichosporon (Behrend, 1890) is a basidiomycetous yeast genus with arthroconidia, causing white piedra and invasive trichosporonosis; T. asahii is the main pathogen, echinocandin-resistant, triazole-treated.
Truffle
Truffle (Tuber spp.), underground ectomycorrhizal fungus prized as food; species include Tuber magnatum, T. melanosporum, T. aestivum. Cultivated since Talon's 1808 orchards; white truffle still uncultivated; prices reach thousands of euros per kilogram.
Truffle hog
Truffle hog, a pig used to sniff out buried Tuber truffles, drawn by a scent likened to boar sex pheromones; replaced by trained dogs and banned in Italy in 1985 for damaging mycelium.
Tuber melanosporum
Tuber melanosporum, the Perigord black truffle (syn. Tuber nigrum), is a hypogeous ascomycete forming ectomycorrhizas with oaks and hazels; cultivated since 18th-century France, priced 700–1,350 €/kg, with a 125 Mb genome and heterothallic outcrossing.
Two-hybrid screening
Two-hybrid screening (yeast two-hybrid, Y2H) is a genetic assay, introduced by Fields and Song in 1989, that detects protein-protein interactions by reconstituting a transcription factor from DNA-binding and activation domain fusions, with known high false-positive and false-negative rates.
Tylopilus
Tylopilus is a genus of Boletaceae bolete fungi typified by the bitter bolete T. felleus; about 75 species worldwide, with pink to pinkish brown spore prints, and a polyphylety revealed by molecular phylogenetics.
Tylopilus alboater
Tylopilus alboater, the black velvet bolete, a North American Boletaceae fungus with a sooty velvety cap and flesh staining pink then black; now Neoporphyrellus alboater after a 2025 revision.
Tylopilus felleus
Tylopilus felleus, the bitter bolete (basionym Boletus felleus), is a Boletaceae mushroom with pinkish pores, a dark stem net, and intensely bitter, inedible flesh, often confused with Boletus edulis.
Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceus
Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceus, the violet-gray bolete, is a bitter inedible Boletaceae fungus of eastern North American oak woods, with violet cap and stalk, white-to-pink pores, and pinkish-brown spore print.