72,234 articles
MitraClip
MitraClip (Abbott) is a transcatheter edge-to-edge repair clip for mitral regurgitation, FDA-approved 2013 for primary MR and 2019 for secondary MR; COAPT showed benefit, MITRA-FR did not.
Mitragyna
Mitragyna Korth. (1839) is a Rubiaceae genus of African and Asian trees; its species M. speciosa is kratom, source of the opioid-receptor alkaloids mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine.
Mitragyna speciosa
Mitragyna speciosa (kratom, ketum) is a Southeast Asian Rubiaceae tree whose leaves contain mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, opioid-active alkaloids; traditionally chewed or brewed, now regulated, with concentrated 7-OH products targeted for US Schedule I.
Mitral cell
Mitral cell: principal excitatory projection neuron of the vertebrate olfactory bulb, named for its miter-shaped soma. One primary dendrite reaches a single glomerulus; axons form the lateral olfactory tract to olfactory cortex.
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation (mitral valve regurgitation, mitral insufficiency) is backward leakage of blood through the mitral valve during left ventricular contraction, causing atrial enlargement, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary hypertension; treated with monitoring, diuretics, anticoagulants, surgical repair or replacement, and TEER clip.
Mitral stenosis
Mitral stenosis, narrowing of the mitral valve orifice, usually rheumatic; normal area 4-6 cm2, severe under 1.0 cm2; treated with balloon commissurotomy or surgery.
Mitral valve
Mitral valve (left atrioventricular valve): the two-leaflet heart valve between left atrium and left ventricle; disorders include prolapse, regurgitation, and stenosis; treated by repair, replacement, or TEER.
Mitral valve annuloplasty
Mitral valve annuloplasty: suturing a prosthetic ring or band around the mitral annulus during valve repair. Introduced by Carpentier in 1968; rigid, flexible, and semirigid rings exist, with no proven outcome difference between types.
Mitral valve prolapse
Mitral valve prolapse (Barlow syndrome, floppy valve syndrome): bulging of one or both mitral leaflets over 2 mm into the left atrium during systole, affecting about 2-3% of people, usually benign but linked to regurgitation and, rarely, arrhythmic sudden death.
Mitral valve repair
Mitral valve repair is open-heart surgery restoring a leaky or narrowed mitral valve rather than replacing it. Key facts: first done by Cutler in 1923, Carpentier's 1983 techniques, annuloplasty and chordal repair, 94% freedom from regurgitation at 10 years.
Mitral valve replacement
Mitral valve replacement is a cardiac surgery in which a diseased mitral valve is replaced with a mechanical or biological prosthesis, chosen when durable repair is unlikely.
Mitridae
Mitridae, miter or mitre shells, is a family of tropical neogastropod snails in superfamily Mitroidea, most diverse in the Indo-West Pacific; molecular work collapsed the genus Mitra into 32 genera and split off Charitodoronidae.
Mitsuhashi Susumu
Mitsuhashi Susumu (三橋進) was a Japanese microbiologist who named R factors, the plasmids carrying transferable antibiotic resistance, proved their transfer required cell-to-cell contact, and led research on drug-resistant Shigella in Japan.
Mitsuhiro Shibayama
Mitsuhiro Shibayama (柴山充弘) is a Japanese soft matter physicist known for small-angle neutron scattering studies of polymer gels, including tetra-PEG gels, and professor emeritus of the University of Tokyo.
Mitsuhiro Yanagida
Mitsuhiro Yanagida (柳田 充弘) is a Japanese molecular biologist known for deciphering how chromosomes segregate during cell division, working on fission yeast at Kyoto University and OIST.
Mitsuo Ikebe
Mitsuo Ikebe (池部満雄) is a biochemist who studies the myosin molecular motor, known for light chain phosphorylation in smooth muscle and the 2002 Nature study of myosin-V's large step size.
Mitsuo Kawato
Mitsuo Kawato (川人光男), born 1953, is a Japanese computational neuroscientist at ATR in Kyoto, known for the cerebellar internal-model theory, decoded neurofeedback, and brain-machine interfaces.
Mitsuru Hashida
Mitsuru Hashida (橋田 充) is a Japanese pharmaceutics scientist at Kyoto University known for drug delivery systems research, honored with the 2017 Hoest Madsen Medal and a 2025 Order of the Sacred Treasure.
Mittelschmerz
Mittelschmerz, or ovulation pain, is benign one-sided lower abdominal pain occurring midcycle with ovulation; German for middle pain. Affects roughly 20 to over 40 percent of women, lasts minutes to two days, treated with OTC analgesics or hormonal contraception.
Mitumomab
Mitumomab (BEC2) is a murine anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody cancer vaccine mimicking GD3 ganglioside, developed by ImClone Systems, Memorial Sloan-Kettering, and Merck KGaA for small cell lung cancer and melanoma; its Phase III SCLC trial failed and development was discontinued.
Mitzi I. Kuroda
Mitzi I. Kuroda, born 1958, is an American molecular biologist at Harvard Medical School known for discovering the MSL dosage compensation complex and roX noncoding RNAs.
Mitzi L. Duxbury
Mitzi L. Duxbury was an American nurse educator who built the University of Minnesota's nursing doctoral program and served as the fifth dean of the UIC College of Nursing.
Mivacurium
Mivacurium (Mivacron) is a short-acting, non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, a benzylisoquinolinium diester hydrolyzed by plasma cholinesterase; FDA-approved 1992, now discontinued.
Mixed connective tissue disease
Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD, Sharp syndrome) is a systemic autoimmune overlap disease of SLE, systemic sclerosis, and polymyositis features with high-titer anti-U1-RNP antibodies, first described in 1972.
Mixed depressive and anxiety disorder
Mixed depressive and anxiety disorder is an ICD-11 mood disorder (code 6A73) in which anxiety and depression symptoms coexist for two weeks or more, each below the threshold for a separate diagnosis.
Mixed farming
Mixed farming is an agricultural system in which a farmer combines crops and livestock on one farm, with manure returning nutrients and crop leftovers feeding animals.
Mixed fermentation
Mixed fermentation is a brewing and food-production method in which multiple yeasts and lactic acid bacteria ferment together, producing acidity and aroma in styles like lambic and Gose.
Mixed forest
Mixed forest: a stand with two or more tree species, or both broadleaf and coniferous trees, neither predominating (CORINE 25–75% shares). Known for higher carbon storage, biodiversity, and soil health than monocultures, with context-dependent benefits.
Mixed germ cell tumor
Mixed germ cell tumor (MGCT, ICD-O-3 9085/3) is a rare cancer containing at least two germ cell tumor types, such as embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, or seminoma; it arises most often in the ovary or testicle and is managed as a nonseminoma.
Mixed incontinence
Mixed urinary incontinence (MUI): coexisting stress and urge urinary incontinence per ICS/IUGA definition. Second-most-common UI subtype in women after stress UI; treated by predominant symptom, conservatively first.