Life and health

Care bundle

A care bundle is a small set of three to five evidence-based interventions delivered together and reliably to improve outcomes, developed by IHI in 2001 and scored all-or-none.

CARE guidelines

The CARE guidelines, short for CAse REport, are a 13-item reporting checklist for medical case reports, first published in 2013 and endorsed by the EQUATOR Network.

Oct 20, 2026

CARE (Colpopexy and Urinary Reduction Efforts) trial: NIH-funded randomized trial in 322 stress-continent women testing prophylactic Burch colposuspension during abdominal sacrocolpopexy; it reduced postoperative stress incontinence at 3 months and 2 years.

CARE-MS I trial

CARE-MS I (NCT00530348) was a 2-year phase 3 trial comparing alemtuzumab 12 mg with subcutaneous interferon beta 1a in treatment-naive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, showing 54.9% fewer relapses but no significant disability benefit.

CARE-MS II trial

CARE-MS II (CAMMS324, NCT00548405) was a 2-year phase 3 trial comparing alemtuzumab 12 mg with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a in active relapsing-remitting MS patients who relapsed on prior therapy, showing 49.4% relapse reduction and durable 5-year efficacy.

CARED trial

CARED (NCT06842459) is an Italian multicenter randomized trial testing whether a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment-guided care plan preserves physical performance (SPPB) in 180 adults aged 75+ with type 2 diabetes versus usual care, with 12-month follow-up.

Caregiver

Caregiver: a person providing regular care to someone with illness, disability, or age-related needs, usually unpaid family or friends. 63 million U.S. adults caregiving in 2025; $470 billion annual value; RAISE Act 2018.

Carelia (Kauai amastrid tree snails)

Carelia, extinct genus of large ground-dwelling amastrid land snails endemic to Kauai and Niihau, Hawaii; 21 species, up to 3 inches, largest Hawaiian land snails, last seen mid-1900s.

Carex

Carex, the sedges, is a genus of about 2,100 species in Cyperaceae, defined by the perigynium and unisexual flowers, cosmopolitan but cold-temperate-rich, with holocentric chromosomes (n = 6 to 56) and a 2015 monophyletic circumscription absorbing Kobresia, Uncinia, Schoenoxiphium, and Cymophyllus.

Oct 10, 2026

Carey Coombs

Carey Franklin Coombs (1879–1932) was a British cardiologist at Bristol General Hospital who gave his name to the Carey Coombs murmur of rheumatic carditis and helped found the Cardiac Club.

Carey-Fineman-Ziter syndrome

Carey-Fineman-Ziter syndrome, also called myopathy-Moebius-Robin syndrome, is a very rare congenital myopathy caused by MYMK mutations, first described in 1982, combining facial palsy and cleft palate.

Carfentanil

Carfentanil (C24H30N2O3, Wildnil) is an ultra-potent synthetic fentanyl analogue, about 10,000 times stronger than morphine, used only in veterinary medicine to immobilize elephants and other large animals, with no approved human use and growing illicit overdose deaths since 2016.

Carfentrazone ethyl

Carfentrazone-ethyl (CAS 128639-02-1) is a phenyl triazolinone postemergence herbicide inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase; registered in the US in 1998 and renewed in the EU by Regulation 2018/1061, with ADI 0.03 mg/kg bw.

Carfilzomib/lenalidomide regimen

The carfilzomib/lenalidomide regimen, usually written KRd, is a triplet of carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma, FDA-approved for relapsed or refractory disease after one to three prior therapies.

Carglumic acid

Carglumic acid (Carbaglu, Ucedane; N-carbamoyl-L-glutamic acid) is an N-acetylglutamate analogue that activates CPS1 to treat hyperammonaemia in NAGS deficiency and organic acidaemias, dosed 100-250 mg/kg/day.

Cari p 1

Cari p 1 (Cari p 1.0101) is a 56 kDa endopolygalacturonase allergen of papaya (Carica papaya), present in pollen and fruit, causing both respiratory and food IgE sensitization; named by WHO/IUIS.

Caribbean Accreditation Authority for Education in Medicine and other Health Professions

CAAM-HP, the Caribbean Accreditation Authority for Education in Medicine and other Health Professions, is the CARICOM regional accreditor (est. 2003, launched 2004) for medical, dental, veterinary, and nursing schools, LCME-based, WFME-recognized to 2033.

Caribbean cnidarians

Caribbean cnidarians are the jellyfish, hydroids, sea anemones, octocorals, and reef-building corals of the Caribbean Sea, the Atlantic's most species-rich coral sea, with about 70 hard coral species.

Caribbean monk seal

Caribbean monk seal (Neomonachus tropicalis, formerly Monachus tropicalis), the West Indian sea wolf: an extinct Caribbean seal, last seen 1952, reclassified with the Hawaiian monk seal in genus Neomonachus.

Caribbean parkinsonism

Caribbean parkinsonism, or parkinsonism with dementia of Guadeloupe, is an endemic levodopa-unresponsive atypical parkinsonism with dementia in the French West Indies, linked to Annonaceae toxins such as annonacin and resembling a PSP-like tauopathy.

Caribbean reef squid

Caribbean reef squid (Sepioteuthis sepioidea, formerly Loligo sepioidea), a loliginid squid from Bermuda to Venezuela, living to 100 m depth, schooling in groups of 10-30, and communicating by rapid skin-pattern change.

Caricaceae

Caricaceae, the papaya family, is a small Brassicales family of tropical American trees, shrubs, and herbs plus African Cylicomorpha; sister to Moringaceae; includes Carica papaya, the fourth most important tropical fruit crop.

Caridea

Caridea (true shrimps) is a decapod infraorder within Pleocyemata, Dana 1852, with 2,183 marine species plus freshwater and brackish members; defined by second abdominal pleura overlapping first and third and chelate first legs.

Caridina spongicola

Caridina spongicola (harlequin shrimp), an atyid freshwater shrimp described by Zitzler & Cai in 2006, endemic to Lake Towuti, Sulawesi; lives commensally on an undescribed freshwater sponge and is IUCN Critically Endangered.

Caries removal

Caries removal, or excavation, is the dental procedure of removing infected and affected decayed tissue from deep cavities while preserving remineralizable dentin, with selective removal now preferred over complete excavation.

Oct 10, 2026

Carin Bondar

Carin Bondar is a Canadian biologist, author, and science communicator known for her work on animal sexual behavior, including the Wild Sex web series and books.

Sep 21, 2026

Carine Ronsmans

Carine Ronsmans is an epidemiologist and professor at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, known for Lancet research on maternal mortality in Bangladesh and China.

Carios

Carios (Latreille, 1796) is a genus of bat-associated soft ticks in the family Argasidae, subfamily Ornithodorinae. Its members feed rapidly in roosts and caves and vector tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes in Central and South America; notable species include C. kelleyi and C. vespertilionis.