72,234 articles
Cultivation and uses of polypody ferns
The cultivation and uses of polypody ferns cover growing Polypodiaceae ferns such as mounted staghorn ferns, licorice fern, and resurrection ferns, and their traditional medicinal uses.
Cultivation of psychoactive mushrooms
Cultivation of psychoactive mushrooms means growing psilocybin-producing fungi such as Psilocybe cubensis at home, using methods like PF Tek and monotubs, with a first harvest in 8 to 12 weeks.
Cultivator
Cultivator: a farm implement with tines or discs for secondary tillage and row-crop weed control; also called scuffler, scarifier, or grubber; disturbs linear trails unlike harrows, works shallower than plows.
Cultural control (agriculture)
Cultural control is a pest management method that alters farming practices like crop rotation, planting date, and tillage to make crops less favorable to pests.
Cultural depictions of ravens
Cultural depictions of ravens: the common raven as creator-trickster in Pacific Northwest (Tlingit) myth, Odin's ravens Huginn and Muninn in Norse lore, Celtic war symbol, Poe's The Raven, and the 2021 Raven Story stamp.
Cultural depictions of spiders
Cultural depictions of spiders: Ananse/Anansi, the Akan spider trickster and god of stories; Arachne of Ovid's Metamorphoses; Native American, Andean, and Korean spider symbolism; Bourgeois's Maman; and spider horror film from Tarantula (1955) to Arachnophobia (1990).
Cultural significance of echinoderms
The cultural significance of echinoderms covers fossil sea urchin folklore and household charms, Hawaiian shrine offerings, Neolithic crinoid-stem beads, and crinoidal limestone quarried for buildings.
Culture Diffusion Chambers
Culture diffusion chambers, also called semipermeable chambers or tissue cages, are devices for growing cells or tissues in vitro or implanted in vivo within solute-permeable walls, used for hemopoiesis, bone formation, drug transport, and immunologic studies.
Culture-bound syndrome
Culture-bound syndrome, now called cultural concepts of distress in DSM-5, refers to patterns of mental distress recognized within specific cultures, such as koro, ataque de nervios, and taijin kyofusho, lacking formal diagnostic criteria.
Cultured cell
Cultured cell: a human, plant, or animal cell adapted to grow in the laboratory, also called cell culture material. Distinguished by culture type (primary, immortalized like HeLa, stem cells), standard 37°C/5% CO2 conditions, and uses in drug testing and research.
Cultured meat
Cultured meat, also called cultivated or cell-based meat, is real animal meat grown from animal cells in bioreactors. Key facts: Singapore approved it first (2020), US followed June 2023; cost around $50/lb in 2021; culture medium dominates cost and environmental footprint.
Cultured pearl
Cultured pearl, also called cultivated pearl, a pearl formed when a human-planted nucleus or tissue in a mollusk is coated with nacre; pioneered by Mikimoto at Ago Bay from 1893, dominating today's pearl jewelry market.
Cultured sugar and dairy fermentates (antimicrobial)
Cultured sugar and dairy fermentates, also called cultured dextrose or cultured milk, are clean-label biopreservatives made by fermenting sugar or milk with lactic acid bacteria; their organic acids and bacteriocins inhibit spoilage and pathogens in cheese and other foods.
Cumin
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), also called jeera or kammūn, is an annual Apiaceae herb from Iraq to Afghanistan grown for aromatic seeds used since antiquity; India dominates exports, and meta-analyses report modest cholesterol-lowering effects.
Cuminum
Cuminum is a small Apiaceae genus of annual herbs from the Mediterranean to southwest Asia; its type species Cuminum cyminum (cumin) yields the spice seed, native Iraq to Afghanistan, cultivated widely.
Cumylphenol
Cumylphenol (4-cumylphenol, p-cumylphenol, CAS 599-64-4) is an aralkylphenol used mainly as a polycarbonate chain terminator, not approved as an EU pesticide active substance, and an estrogenic endocrine disruptor.
Cun-Yu Wang
Cun-Yu Wang is a molecular biologist and dentist-scientist known for work on NF-κB in cancer and bone biology, who led a UCLA research laboratory before joining Peking University in 2024.
Cuniculidae
Cuniculidae (pacas), family of large nocturnal hystricognath rodents, genus Cuniculus, two species C. paca and C. taczanowskii, Mexico to Argentina, distinct from the rabbit genus Oryctolagus.
Cuniculus
Cuniculus: Latin word for rabbit, also the Brisson 1762 genus name of the pacas (Cuniculus paca, C. taczanowskii, family Cuniculidae, conserved by ICZN 1998), and the species epithet of the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus.
Cunninghamella
Cunninghamella, a genus of Mucorales fungi (Cunninghamellaceae, Matruchot 1903), used as a microbial model mimicking mammalian phase I/II drug metabolism via CYP450, and an opportunistic cause of mucormycosis.
Cunninghamia
Cunninghamia (Chinese fir, 杉木属) is a genus of two East Asian conifer species in Cupressaceae, sister to all other living members, a Jurassic lineage, and a major Chinese timber tree.
Cunninghamia lanceolata
Cunninghamia lanceolata (杉木), Chinese fir or China fir, a Cupressaceae conifer native to southern China, cultivated over 1,000 years; plantations cover about 10 million hectares and supply 20-30% of Chinese timber.
Cunoniaceae
Cunoniaceae R.Br. (1814, nom. cons.) is a family of Oxalidales trees and shrubs with 27 genera and about 335 species, centered in eastern Australia and New Caledonia; largest genus Weinmannia.
Cunyu Wang
Cunyu Wang (王存玉), also Cun-Yu Wang, is a Chinese-born dental researcher known for establishing how NF-κB regulates cancer cell death, elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2011.
Cuora
Cuora, the Asian box turtles (Gray, 1856), is a Geoemydidae turtle genus of about 17 species from southern China to Indonesia and the Philippines, defined by a hinged plastron, devastated by trade-driven decline, and plagued by hybridization that makes mitochondrial DNA unreliable for species identification.
Cuphea
Cuphea (waxweed), Lythraceae genus of about 250-260 American species; largest genus in its family; seed oils rich in medium-chain fatty acids; includes ornamentals like C. ignea and oilseed cultivar PSR23.
Cupiennin
Cupiennins are highly basic antimicrobial, cytolytic peptides from the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei; cupiennin 1a has +8 charge, submicromolar antibacterial MICs, insecticidal and antiparasitic activity, and engineered analogs with reduced mammalian cytotoxicity.
Cupiennius
Cupiennius is a Central American genus of large wandering spiders in Trechaleidae, with 11 species including the sensory-physiology model C. salei; largely harmless but often mistaken for Phoneutria.
Cupping therapy
Cupping therapy, also known as suction cupping or baguan, is a traditional medicine practice that draws skin into cups by suction, used in China and the Middle East.
Cupressaceae
Cupressaceae, the cypress family (formerly including Taxodiaceae), is a conifer family of about 30 genera and 140 species on all continents except Antarctica, including redwoods, junipers, cypresses, and arborvitae, with fused bract-scale cones bearing 1-20 ovules.