72,234 articles
Desmoid tumor
Desmoid tumor (desmoid-type fibromatosis, aggressive fibromatosis): a rare, locally aggressive, non-metastasizing fibroblastic soft-tissue tumor driven by CTNNB1 or APC mutations, now managed first with active surveillance, with nirogacestat approved in 2023.
Desmond Bradley
Desmond J. Bradley is a plant scientist at the John Innes Centre in Norwich, known for identifying the snapdragon centroradialis gene and for work on snapdragon flower color evolution.
Desmond G. Julian
Desmond G. Julian (1926–2019) was a British cardiologist whose 1961 Lancet paper first proposed coronary care units, and who established Europe's first such unit in Edinburgh in 1964.
Desmond J. Fitzgerald
Desmond J. Fitzgerald, also published as D J Fitzgerald, is an Irish cardiologist and clinical pharmacologist whose research established that platelet activation drives unstable coronary artery disease.
Desmond Morris
Desmond Morris (1928–2026), English zoologist, ethologist, surrealist painter, and broadcaster; London Zoo curator of mammals, presenter of Granada's Zoo Time, author of the 1967 bestseller The Naked Ape, and researcher of the painting chimpanzee Congo.
Desmond O’Neill
Desmond O'Neill is an Irish geriatrician and medical gerontologist, senior academic in Medical Gerontology at Trinity College Dublin's Tallaght University Hospital campus, and consultant in geriatric and stroke medicine.
Desmoplakin
Desmoplakin (DSP): plakin-family protein anchoring intermediate filaments to cardiac and skin desmosomes. DSP gene mutations cause desmoplakin cardiomyopathy, a left-dominant, fibrotic, inflammation-prone arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy distinct from PKP2 disease, plus Carvajal and Naxos syndromes.
Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma/ganglioglioma
Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma/ganglioglioma (DIA/DIG, ICD-O 9412/1) is a rare WHO grade 1 infant brain tumor, a large cystic supratentorial desmoplastic mass driven by BRAF/RAF1 MAPK alterations, treated mainly by surgery with favorable prognosis.
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT), also DSRCT, an ultra-rare aggressive sarcoma of young males defined by t(11;22)(p13;q12) EWSR1::WT1 fusion, presenting as abdominopelvic nodules with 5-year survival of 10-20%.
Desmopressin
Desmopressin (DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin), synthetic V2-agonist analog of vasopressin synthesized 1967; treats central diabetes insipidus, enuresis, nocturia, and bleeding disorders; main risk hyponatremia.
Desmosomal cadherin
Desmosomal cadherins (desmogleins Dsg1–4, desmocollins Dsc1–3) are calcium-dependent transmembrane adhesion proteins forming the desmosome's adhesive core, anchoring intermediate filaments in skin and heart; defects cause pemphigus and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
Desmosome
Desmosome: intercellular adhesive junction anchoring intermediate filaments via desmoglein/desmocollin cadherins, plakoglobin, plakophilins, and desmoplakin; key in skin and heart, disrupted in pemphigus and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
Desmosterolosis
Desmosterolosis (OMIM 602398), an ultra-rare autosomal recessive cholesterol biosynthesis disorder caused by DHCR24 mutations, with desmosterol accumulation, congenital anomalies, spasticity, and intellectual disability; about 9 reported cases.
Desmoteplase
Desmoteplase (DSPAα1), a fibrin-selective plasminogen activator from vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) saliva, was developed as a 3-9 hour window stroke thrombolytic; trials showed recanalization gains but no functional benefit.
Desogestrel
Desogestrel, a third-generation synthetic progestogen prodrug of etonogestrel, used in the 75-microgram progestogen-only pill (Cerazette) and combined oral contraceptives; 12-hour missed-pill window, 2026 EMA meningioma warning.
Desomorphine
Desomorphine (krokodil, крокодил) is a semi-synthetic opioid about ten times more potent than morphine, first synthesized in 1932, sold briefly as Permonid, and now infamous as the homemade codeine-based street drug krokodil causing severe tissue necrosis; Schedule I in the US.
Desoside-P (LL-4218)
Desoside-P (LL-4218) was Lupin Ltd's oral, plant-derived investigational drug for chronic stable plaque psoriasis, approved for Indian Phase II trials by the DCGI in July 2006; later pipeline disclosures no longer list it.
Desoximetasone
Desoximetasone (Topicort) is a synthetic fluorinated topical corticosteroid for psoriasis, eczema, and other dermatoses; US cream approved 1977, 0.25% spray 2013, class I–III potency.
Desoxycorticosterone acetate
Desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA, deoxycorticosterone acetate) is a synthetic mineralocorticoid ester synthesized in 1937, introduced as an oily injection for Addison's disease in 1939, later superseded by fludrocortisone.
Desquamation
Desquamation is the shedding of corneocytes from the stratum corneum, driven by kallikrein-mediated corneodesmosome degradation; impaired or excessive shedding causes scaling disorders like ichthyosis and Netherton syndrome.
Destination therapy
Destination therapy: permanent use of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) as long-term support for advanced heart failure patients permanently ineligible for heart transplant; IMACS survival ~80% at 1 year, HeartMate 3 FDA-approved for DT in 2018.
Destroying angel
Destroying angel, the common name for all-white deadly Amanita species (A. bisporigera, A. virosa, A. ocreata, A. verna) in section Phalloideae; amatoxin content causes delayed, often fatal liver failure, distinguished by white gills, ring, and basal volva.
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (Spirillum desulfuricans) is the type species of Desulfovibrio, a gram-negative anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacterium from freshwater, soil, and marine habitats, a model organism for sulfate respiration, corrosion, and metal bioremediation.
Desulfovibrio vulgaris
Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris), an anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacterium; Hildenborough strain, genome 3,570,858 bp sequenced 2004, first SRB genome; model for sulfate respiration, hydrogen cycling, metal bioremediation, and biocorrosion.
Desulfurococcales
Desulfurococcales (Desulfurococcus order, synonym "Igneococcales") is an order of hyperthermophilic, mostly neutrophilic archaea in class Thermoprotei, growing optimally at 85-106 degrees C, closely related to Sulfolobales, with families Desulfurococcaceae and Pyrodictiaceae.
Desvenlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) is an SNRI antidepressant, the active metabolite of venlafaxine, FDA-approved in 2008 for adult major depressive disorder at 50 mg once daily, with renal dose adjustments and a suicidality boxed warning.
Detasseling
Detasseling removes the tassel from female maize plants in hybrid seed corn fields to prevent self-pollination; done by hand or machine, with male sterility systems like CMS and Ms44-SPT as alternatives, costing about 14% seed yield when manual.
Detection and surveillance of chytridiomycosis
Detection and surveillance of chytridiomycosis are the laboratory methods and monitoring networks used to find the amphibian chytrid fungi Bd and Bsal, chiefly swab qPCR and environmental DNA assays.
Detection dog
Detection dog: a dog trained to scent-locate explosives, narcotics, human remains, agricultural pests, wildlife samples, or disease markers and alert a handler. Key facts: up to 250 million olfactory receptors, part-per-trillion sensitivity, double-blind testing reduces handler bias.
Detlef Schlöndorff
Detlef Schlöndorff (1942–2019) was a German-born nephrologist known for research on chemokines and inflammatory kidney disease, and editor-in-chief of Kidney International from 2012 to 2017.