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Duranta
Duranta (golden dewdrop, skyflower) is a Verbenaceae genus of Neotropical shrubs and small trees, type species Duranta erecta, recognized by axillary spines and yellow four-pyrene drupes; about 29-35 species, ornamental, invasive, and toxic.
Duranta erecta
Duranta erecta (golden dewdrop, pigeon berry, skyflower; synonym Duranta repens) is a thorny Verbenaceae shrub native from Mexico to South America and Florida, grown ornamentally, toxic to people via saponin-rich berries, and invasive in Florida, Australia, China, Taiwan, and Fiji.
Duraplasty
Duraplasty is a neurosurgical procedure in which the dura mater is opened and expanded with a graft, chiefly to treat Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia.
Durian
Durian (榴莲), fruit of Durio zibethinus, the spiny Southeast Asian 'King of Fruits' native to Sumatra and Borneo; bat-pollinated tree up to 25 m; aroma from esters and sulfur compounds; major export crop to China.
Durio
Durio is a genus of about 29 accepted Southeast Asian trees in Malvaceae, native from Indo-China to western Malesia, centering on Borneo; it includes the durian, Durio zibethinus, the only widely cultivated species, plus edible wild relatives and timber trees.
Durio zibethinus
Durio zibethinus (durian) is a Malvaceae tree native to Sumatra and Borneo, the only Durio species grown commercially, known for its sulfury aroma from esters and sulfur volatiles.
Durkee herbarium
Durkee Herbarium (GRI) is the Grinnell College herbarium in Grinnell, Iowa, holding about 27,000 vascular plant specimens from Iowa and adjacent states, with Henry S. Conard and Durkee among its important collectors.
Durlobactam
Durlobactam, formerly ETX2514, is a diazabicyclooctane β-lactamase inhibitor developed by Entasis Therapeutics and sold with sulbactam as Xacduro, approved by the FDA in 2023 for pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex.
Durotomy
Durotomy is a surgical incision, or unintended tear, in the dura mater, the tough outermost membrane around the brain and spinal cord; deliberate in tumor resection, incidental tears are the most common complication of spine surgery.
Durvalumab
Durvalumab (Imfinzi) is a fully human IgG1 anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody by AstraZeneca, first FDA-approved May 2017 for urothelial carcinoma, now used across NSCLC, SCLC, bladder, biliary, liver, endometrial, and gastric cancers.
Durvalumab and tremelimumab regimen
The durvalumab plus tremelimumab regimen, given as the STRIDE schedule of one tremelimumab dose plus regular durvalumab, is an approved immunotherapy for unresectable liver cancer and some lung cancers.
Dušan Bartsch
Dušan Bartsch is a cellular and molecular neuroscientist, professor at the Central Institute of Mental Health in Mannheim, known for defining how CREB transcription factors regulate long-term memory.
Dusan Bogunovic
Dusan Bogunovic is an immunologist and Professor of Pediatric Immunology at Columbia University, known for work on inborn errors of immunity, MIS-C, and autoimmunity in Down syndrome.
Dusicyon
Dusicyon, genus of extinct South American canids (warrah, Dusicyon australis, Falkland Islands wolf; and D. avus), defined by insular-endemic Falkland wolf, 16 ka lineage split, extinction by 1876.
Dusky moorhen
The dusky moorhen (Gallinula tenebrosa) is a dark waterbird of the rail family, found across eastern and south-western Australia, Indonesia, and New Guinea, and known for its communal breeding.
DUSP1
DUSP1 (MKP-1, CL100) is a nuclear dual-specificity phosphatase on 5q35.1 that dephosphorylates ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs, mediating glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory effects and acting context-dependently in cancer.
DUSP6
DUSP6 (MKP-3, Pyst1) is a cytoplasmic, ERK1/2-specific dual-specificity phosphatase at 12q21.33 that dephosphorylates ERK's T-X-Y motif as an FGF/ERK negative feedback regulator, with developmental and cancer roles.
Dusquetide
Dusquetide (SGX942, IMX942) is a synthetic 5-amino-acid innate defense regulator peptide derived from indolicidin, developed by Soligenix for severe oral mucositis in head and neck cancer; it binds p62, and its Phase 3 missed the primary endpoint.
Dust mite allergy
Dust mite allergy, also called dust allergy, is a hypersensitivity to proteins from house dust mites in bedding and carpeting, causing perennial rhinitis, asthma, or atopic dermatitis.
Dutasteride
Dutasteride (Avodart) is a dual type 1 and type 2 5α-reductase inhibitor approved in 2001 for benign prostatic hyperplasia; it cut biopsy-detected prostate cancer 22.8% in REDUCE but is not recommended for chemoprevention.
Dutch elm disease
Dutch elm disease (DED), caused by the fungi Ophiostoma ulmi and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, is a vascular wilt of elms spread by bark beetles and root grafts; two 20th-century pandemics killed tens of millions of elms in Europe and North America.
Dutch Shepherd
The Dutch Shepherd (Hollandse Herdershond) is a medium-sized brindle herding dog from the Netherlands, first standardized in 1898 and now used as a police and sport dog.
Dutogliptin
Dutogliptin (PHX1149), a Phenomix DPP-4 inhibitor for type 2 diabetes; oral phase 3 program terminated, now a Recardio subcutaneous formulation for post-myocardial-infarction therapy.
Duttaphrynus
Duttaphrynus, also called Dutta's toads (头棱蟾属), is a genus of 24 Asian true toads (Bufonidae) split from Bufo in 2006, ranging from Pakistan and India to Indonesia, including the invasive Asian common toad D. melanostictus.
Duty to Warn
Duty to warn, also called Tarasoff duty, is clinicians' legal obligation to warn identifiable third parties of serious threats from patients, originating in Tarasoff v. Regents (1976) and varying by state.
Duvalia
Duvalia (belemnite genus, Bayle 1878, family Duvaliidae) is an extinct Early Cretaceous cephalopod with compressed, grooved rostra, Tithonian to Aptian, mainly Tethyan; not the homonymous African succulent plant genus Duvalia Haw.
Duvelisib
Duvelisib (brand name Copiktra) is an oral inhibitor of the PI3K delta and gamma enzymes, approved in the United States in 2018 for relapsed or refractory CLL/SLL and follicular lymphoma.
DVL2
DVL2 (dishevelled segment polarity protein 2, HGNC:3086, Gene ID 1856) is a human gene at 17p13.1 encoding a 736-aa cytoplasmic adaptor that transduces canonical and non-canonical Wnt signals from frizzled receptors; one of three DVL paralogs, ubiquitously expressed, GenCC Moderate.
DVNP family
DVNP family (dinoflagellate/viral nucleoproteins): small, basic, virus-derived DNA-binding proteins that replaced histones as the main genome-packaging proteins of dinoflagellates, acquired from Imitervirales giant viruses via horizontal gene transfer.
DVT trial
DVT trial: randomized clinical trials of deep vein thrombosis treatment, chiefly cancer-associated VTE trials such as CARAVAGGIO, ADAM VTE, and ONCO DVT, comparing apixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban, and dalteparin for efficacy and bleeding.