edgepedia

Life and health

72,234 articles

Eastern equine encephalitis

Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE, EEEV) is a rare, severe mosquito-borne alphavirus disease of the US Atlantic, Gulf Coast, and Great Lakes regions, cycling between Culiseta melanura and swamp birds, with about 30% fatality in neuroinvasive cases and no licensed human vaccine.

Eastern gorilla

Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei), a Critically Endangered great ape of eastern DRC, Uganda, and Rwanda, with two subspecies: mountain gorilla (over 1,000, increasing) and Grauer's gorilla, the world's largest primate (about 6,800, declining).

Eastern gray squirrel

Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), a medium-sized North American tree squirrel native to the eastern US and Canada, famous for scatter-hoarding nuts; invasive in Britain and Italy, where it displaces the red squirrel and carries squirrelpox.

Eastern green mamba

Eastern green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps), highly venomous arboreal elapid of East African coastal forests, averaging 1.8-2.0 m; 3FTx-predominant neurotoxic venom, WHO category 1, sister species of the black mamba.

Eastern grey kangaroo

Eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), a large macropod marsupial of eastern Australia and Tasmania, living in mobs of 10 or more, grazing on grasses, with 36-day gestation, 64 km/h top speed, and IUCN Least Concern status.

Eastern hognose snake

Eastern hognose snake (Heterodon platirhinos), a harmless North American toad-eating snake with an upturned snout, mild rear-fang venom, and famous death-feigning defense; IUCN least concern but protected in Ontario and Connecticut.

Eastern indigo snake

Eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi), the longest native US snake, a non-venomous threatened colubrid of Florida and Georgia longleaf pine habitat that shelters in gopher tortoise burrows and eats other snakes.

Eastern Maine Medical Center

Northern Light Eastern Maine Medical Center (EMMC), Bangor, Maine; founded 1892 as Bangor General Hospital; flagship of Northern Light Health; Level 2 Trauma Center, Stroke Center of Excellence, 411 beds.

Eastern newt

Eastern newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), also called red-spotted newt or red eft (juvenile stage): a common eastern North American salamander of family Salamandridae with a four-stage life cycle, tetrodotoxin-bearing skin, and IUCN Least Concern status.

Eastern Pacific coral reefs

Eastern Pacific coral reefs are the reef systems of the tropical Pacific American coast, from Baja California to northern Peru, including offshore islands like the Galápagos.

Eastern rosella

Eastern rosella (Platycercus eximius, white-cheeked rosella), a red-headed Australian parrot of south-eastern Australia and Tasmania, introduced to New Zealand from 1910; IUCN Least Concern, cavity nester, BFDV carrier in NZ.

Eastern whip-poor-will

Eastern whip-poor-will (Antrostomus vociferus), a nocturnal North American nightjar named for its repeated call; split from the Mexican whip-poor-will in 2010; declining, Near Threatened, nests on the ground in phase with the lunar cycle.

Eastern wolf

Eastern wolf (Canis sp. cf. lycaon, Algonquin Wolf): intermediate-sized Canadian canid of central Ontario and southwestern Quebec, Threatened since 2015, under 1,000 mature individuals, deer-eating, taxonomically debated versus grey wolf and coyote hybrids.

Eastern yellowjacket

Eastern yellowjacket (Vespula maculifrons), a native North American ground-nesting social wasp of the Vespula vulgaris group, identified by the anchor-shaped black mark on abdominal tergum 1, abundant east of the Great Plains.

Eating

Eating is the ingestion of food through the mouth for nourishment, covering mastication, swallowing, brain-regulated satiety, the evolution of human diets, and modern guidance on ultraprocessed foods and healthy eating patterns.

Eating disorder

Eating disorder: mental disorders involving disturbed eating and body-weight concerns, mainly anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and ARFID; 18 million cases in 2023, treated chiefly with CBT-ED and family-based therapy.

Eating Disorder Examination

The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) is a semi-structured interview developed by Zafra Cooper and Christopher Fairburn, first published in 1987 and considered the gold standard eating disorder assessment.

Eating Disorder Examination questionnaire

The Eating Disorder Examination questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a 28-item self-report measure of eating disorder psychopathology, adapted from the EDE interview and introduced by Fairburn and Beglin in 1994.

Eating of non-nutritive substances

Eating of non-nutritive substances, ICD-11 code MB29.2, is the behavior called pica in DSM-5-TR: persistent eating of non-food items such as clay, ice, starch, or hair for over one month, excluding children under two and culturally sanctioned practice.

Eating reflex epilepsy

Eating reflex epilepsy (eating epilepsy, ORPHA:166418) is a rare reflex epilepsy in which seizures are triggered by eating, chewing, or food-related stimuli. Onset typically in the second decade, male predominance, focal impaired-awareness seizures, temporolimbic or perisylvian onset.

EB2 [Human Burkitt lymphoma]

EB2 (EB-2, Epstein-Barr-2, CVCL_1186, ATCC HTB-61) is an EBV-transformed human B-lymphoblast cell line from a 7-year-old Ugandan girl's metastatic ovarian Burkitt lymphoma, established by Epstein, Barr, and Achong in 1965.

Ebastine

Ebastine is a non-sedating second-generation oral H1 antihistamine taken once daily, with or without food, for allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria, acting through its active metabolite carebastine.

Ebbe Nielsen

Ebbe Schmidt Nielsen (1950–2001) was a Danish-born Australian entomologist who led CSIRO's Australian National Insect Collection and was a leading authority on ghost moth taxonomy.

Ebdarokimab

Ebdarokimab (AK101, Aidaro, 依若奇单抗) is a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody by Akeso binding the IL-12/IL-23 p40 subunit; approved in China April 2025 for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, 135 mg SC, PASI 75 79.4% at week 16.

Eben Alexander (author)

Eben Alexander III (born 1953) is an American neurosurgeon and author of Proof of Heaven (2012), a #1 New York Times bestseller about his 2008 near-death experience during an E. coli meningitis coma; his consciousness claims are contested by neuroscientists.

Eben Byers

Eben MacBurney Byers, Pittsburgh industrialist and 1906 U.S. amateur golf champion, died of radium poisoning in 1932 after drinking about 1,400 bottles of the radioactive patent medicine Radithor, prompting its removal and stronger FDA regulation.

Eben L. Rosenthal

Eben Lloyd Rosenthal is an American head and neck surgical oncologist who chairs Otolaryngology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and studies fluorescent dyes that make cancer visible during surgery.

Ebenaceae

Ebenaceae, the ebony family (synonyms Lissocarpaceae, Diospyraceae), is a pantropical Ericales family of about 750 tree species in Diospyros, Euclea, and Lissocarpa, source of ebony timber and persimmon fruit.

Eberhard E. Fetz

Eberhard E. Fetz, also known as E. E. Fetz, is an American neuroscientist and Professor Emeritus at the University of Washington, a pioneer of brain–computer interfaces.

Eberhard Ritz

Eberhard Ritz (1938–2023) was a German nephrologist and professor at Heidelberg University, known for research on cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy.